scholarly journals Assessment of terrain as a factor in the development of erosion processes based on GIS technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
N. A. Bondarenko ◽  
I. V. Ivanus ◽  
T. N. Kuropatkina ◽  
A. A. Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Information Model ◽  
Overlay Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Engineering Protection

We analyzed: 1) morphometric characteristics of the terrain: density of dissection (km/km2), depth of dissection (m/km2), General dissection of the terrain (km/km2), obtained by multi-stage processing of data from The earth's radar survey (SRTM). Overlay analysis of the following maps was performed: maps of the density of the terrain division, maps of the depth of the terrain division, and maps of the General terrain division. A geo-information model of potentially dangerous areas of origin and development of erosion processes was created based on the overlay of zones of the highest values of terrain dissection. The resulting map was created by interpreting the results of overlay operations and defining extreme values for each parameter. The graphic constructions obtained from a set of morphometric indicators will be of great applied value when planning the construction of new socio-economic objects, when developing General schemes for expanding existing settlements and designing new ones, when planning the construction of linear objects, as well as when developing measures for the engineering protection of territories, buildings and structures. Были проанализированы: 1) морфометрические характеристики рельефа: густота расчленения (км/км2), глубина расчленения (м/км2), общее расчленение рельефа (км/км2), полученные путем многоступенчатой обработки данных радиолокационной радарной съемки Земли (SRTM). Осуществлен оверлейный анализ следующих карт: карты густоты расчленения рельефа, карты глубины расчленения рельефа и карты общего расчленения рельефа. На основании наложения зон наиболее высоких значений расчлененности рельефа была создана геоинформационная модель потенциально-опасных участков зарождения и развития эрозионных процессов. Создание результирующей карты выполнялось путем интерпретации результатов оверлейных операций и определения экстремальных значений по каждому параметру. Полученные по комплексу морфометрических показателей графические построения будут иметь большое прикладное значение при планировании строительства новых социально-экономических объектов, при разработке генеральных схем расширения существующих населенных пунктов и проектировании новых, планировании строительства линейных объектов, а также при разработке мероприятий инженерной защиты территорий, зданий и сооружений.

scholarly journals Morphometric Characteristics of the Aziana Valley Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Heba Mohammed Fayyad ◽  
Isaac Saleh Al-Akam
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Parallel Patterns ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Drainage Patterns ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Mixed Sediments ◽  
Sedimentation Processes ◽  
Made In

The present study aims at examining quantitatively the morphometric characteristics of Iziana Valley basin that is located in the northern part of Iraq; particularly in south of Erbil Governorate. This basin is considered one of the small sub-basins where its valleys run on formations of the Triple and Quadrant Ages, which are represented by the Bay Hassan formations, and the sediments and mixed sediments of the cliffs, respectively. The area of ​​the Iziana basin amounts to (36.39 km2) whereas the percentage of its rotation reaches (0.17); a low percentage, which indicates that the basin diverges from the circular to the rectangular shape. The value of the elongation ratio of the basin reaches (0.38) while the terrain ratio of the basin is (0.03), a low percentage that entails the weakness of its erosion processes and the small volume of the carried and transported sediments. As for the relative topography of the basin, it was (1.08), which is also a low value. It indicates a relatively large area of ​​the basin and the impressive strides that it has made in its erosion cycle. The total river levels of the basin reach (5) ranks, and their numbers vary from one rank to another. Moreover, the total length of the drainage networks in the basin reached (187.4 km), and the prevailing drainage patterns in the basin are the tree and parallel patterns. The researcher has adopted spatial, formal, topographical, and river net-work properties for the purpose of first determining the shape of the basin, the stage of its erosion, its secondary basins, and its terrestrial features that have been developed as a result of the contrast between the erosion and sedimentation processes. 

Interannual variability of germination and cone/seed morphometric characteristics in the endemic Grecian fir (Abies cephalonica) over an 8-year-long study

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia N. Daskalakou ◽  
Katerina Koutsovoulou ◽  
Lida Mavroeidi ◽  
Charalambos Tsiamitas ◽  
Eleftheria Kafali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
National Park ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Abies Cephalonica ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Germination Behaviour

AbstractAbies cephalonicacone and seed morphometric characteristics as well as seed germination behaviour were investigated during an 8-year-long diachronic study (2007–2015). The research was carried out in Parnitha National Park, in the part of this Greek endemic, silver fir population that was spared from an unprecedented wildfire (2007). A statistically significant interannual and among-tree variation of cone traits has been identified, except for cone diameter. Cone length is correlated to the number of seeds per cone, while the percentage of empty seeds has been consistently high, with extreme values of 29.3 and 81.8% in a masting (2015) and lean crop (2009) year, respectively. There is also a considerable proportion of dead (including infected) and non-germinated seeds, and the eventual germinable fraction is well below 25% with spikes in masting years (39.4 and 60.9% in 2010 and 2015, respectively). Untreated seeds have been tested at a wide range of constant and alternating temperatures and germination is completed within 4–5 weeks atT≥ 15°C andca15 weeks at 5–10°C. A chilling pretreatment of 4–8 weeks (at 2–4°C) concludes germination at 15–20°C within 2 weeks. A significant white light requirement has been observed for untreated seeds at 15–20°C, while germination was light indifferent at lower or higher temperatures. Data obtained in this study confirm the present, field seed germination during springtime; we may also predict an earlier germination (late autumn to mid-winter) in forest gaps, under the predicted, warmer conditions in the future.

scholarly journals Glacial lakes Buni and Jezerce: Albania

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milovan Milivojevic ◽  
Jelena Kovacevic-Majkic
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Lake Basins

The paper presents glacial lakes and glacial relief forms at the foothill of the peak Maja Jezerce in Mt. Prokletije in Albania, near the border with Montenegro. The group of lakes Buni and Jezerce, which consists of six lakes and which genetically belongs to glacial-erosional lakes, is analyzed. Lakes are situated at the cirque bottom, between the moraines and limestone ridges. Except presented morphometric characteristics of lake basins, data about cirque are given, as well as the reconstruction of the glacier which was formed here. Recent erosion processes are intensive in this area and have considerably changed post-Pleistocene morphology of the lake, as well as the cirque bottom.

scholarly journals GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 94, 2021 (94) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kazachenko ◽  
◽  
Vladyslav Kazachenko ◽  
Tetyana Zhidkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Beam System ◽  
Geodetic Measurements

The development of exogenous processes on the Earth's surface is a large-scale problem. Due to the development of exogenous processes there are changes in the composition and structure of the earth's crust and its surface. The destruction of streets, houses and public buildings, roads and railways leads to enormous losses. To predict the development of soil degradation, erosion processes on agricultural lands, which lose annual production areas, leads to the formation of a ravine-beam system and reduces the productive amount of land owned by citizens – is a solution. The use of GIS technologies, remote sensing of the Earth and modern programming can partially solve the problem, as it is a rapid identification of areas that have undergone the process of soil degradation and possible prediction of the development of negative phenomena. The use of geodetic software, GIS, information layers of the Public cadastral map can help in the fastest finding of territories, development of the forecast of the further destructive action, development of the corresponding protective methods and their introduction. The areas with manifestations of exogenous processes - soil degradation in agricultural enterprises, where every year the area of highly fertile chernozems is lost, which leads to large losses and landslides in the forest-steppe and steppe settlements of Kharkiv region have been subject of our study. We investigated destructive processes by geodetic measurements in the territories of their manifestations, observations were carried out for 8 years. The development of exogenous processes on the Earth's surface was revealed, which was manifested in landslides in the settlements of the forest-steppe zone and degradation of agricultural lands in the steppe and forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region. The cause of the destruction of the earth's surface were factors independent of human activity. We built 3-D models of development of exogenous processes manifested in soil erosion and growth of the ravine-beam system and determined the degree of erosion after surveying and processing the results of geodetic measurements in the software Digitals. For 8 years, we made changes to the software, surveying the area and building a monitoring line. Also in the settlements on the territory of the two zones, we observed the development of landslides on the streets of the village. Milova and s. Nova Vasylivka, where there is an intensive development of exogenous processes. The use of GIS technologies and remote sensing of the Earth to monitor the development of exogenous processes simplifies the solution.

Evaluation of Horizontal and Vertical Erosion of the Water Protection Zone of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir (a Case of Dubovsky District)

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Alexey E. Kosolapov ◽  
Grigory I. Skripka ◽  
Lyudmila A. Bespalova ◽  
Vadim V. Glinka ◽  
Olga V. Ivlieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Tsimlyansk Reservoir ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Protection Area

The nature and intensity of erosion processes are an important parameter for monitoring water protection area of water body. A technique, based on field and office studies, which were carried out with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (Phantom 4 Pro and Phantom 4 Advanced), was worked out and the intensity of the manifestation of erosion processes in the water protection area of the Tsimlyansk reservoir was assessed (on the example of Dubovsky district). In our research, the comparative-geographic method was used. That allowed us very accurately to identify erosional objects on the ground, and to determine their morphological and morphometric characteristics. Cameral works processed the data obtained by using UAVs. The tools of the Agisoft Metashape Professional program and the tools of the ArcGIS program were used during the work. These programs make it possible, without labor-intensive instrumental field research, to draw up orthophotoplans for gullies and determine their areas, steepness of slopes, length and width of slopes, depth of gullies, make longitudinal and transverse profiles of gullies, measure the volume of gullies and a number of other parameters. This method gives us a complete picture of the gullying network within the water protection area. In addition, a comparison of survey materials for different periods makes it possible to identify trends in the development of individual erosional forms, as well as the entire gullying network within the water protection area as a whole.

scholarly journals Monitoring of dangerous shore processes of Tsimlyansk Reservoir using GIS-technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Grigory Skripka ◽  
Olga Ivlieva ◽  
Lyudmila Bespalova ◽  
Anton Filatov ◽  
Vladislav Saprygin
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Tsimlyansk Reservoir ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Geological Processes

In the article, the degree of displaying dangerous exogenetic geological processes (abrasion, landslide, erosion) of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir at the present stage of reforming its shores is assessed. A new original methodology for monitoring morphological and morphometrical characteristics of different shore types of the reservoir, using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and Agisoft Photoscan tooling is proposed. For a number of shore sections of the Tsimlyansk reservoir, assessment of consequence for stirring up abrasion activity being expressed in stepping back the edge of shore steeps and reducing land fund is carried out. In the automated information system of water bodies state monitoring, a compulsory index is monitoring of erosion dismemberment. Methods to carry out erosion processes monitoring in water protection zones (WPZ) of water bodies using software and apparatus complex, created on the base of UAVs and GIS-technologies are developed and tested, an optimal type of digital elevation models (DEM) for assessing erosion network density is determined. Based on series of photographs carried out by UAVs by the DEMs and orthophotomaps, created using Agisoft Photoscan software, the relief erosion forms are determined. Morphometrical characteristics of the relief erosion forms are also measured, the erosion network density (K) for a number of plots in the water protection zones of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir coast is determined. In the protection zone of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, comprehensive analysis is carried out, assessment of demographic load on the coastal area of the reservoir is conducted. Territorial zoning according to the degree of demographic load is carried out and it will allow in the future to organize planning timely measures for protecting coastal zones. The results obtained in the course of work allowed to make conclusions for the sections of the reservoir water protection zone most subject to anthropogenic activity and to propose a package of measures for its reducing.

Geobotanical mapping ot the vegetation cover in the basins of the North-Eastern Cisbaikalia

2015 ◽  
pp. 62-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
The North ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Archive Data ◽  
Coenotic Diversity

This paper presents the results of study of the vegetation cover in the North Baikal and the Upper Angara basins. The vegetation mapping was carried out in a scale 1 : 200 000 using the field and archive data as well as GIS-technologies. The structure of the map legend was based on the principles of multi-stage vegetation classification developed by V.B. Sochava. The vegetation map shows the basic structural-coenotic diversity of the vegetation cover of the study area. Due to the high disturbance of forest vegetation special attention was paid to structural-dynamic analysis to identify potential plant communities. The rows of transformation were estimated as well. The map provides a possibility to make a prognosis for further vegetation successions under the natural and anthropogenic influences.

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