scholarly journals Existential risks and problem of escapism under conditions of e-culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-313
Author(s):  
Liudmila Baeva

The article is devoted to the study of new existential problems of man in the conditions of electronic culture, forms of alienation from reality, virtual escapism, “being to death” in network communities of suicidal orientation, new forms of transcendence in electronic culture. The human existence under the e-culture conditions causes a shift in its main spheres (communication, creativity, education, leisure, art), forms a range of new problems both in value, ethical and ontological-existential relations. On the basis of the existential-axiological approach, it is shown how the values of the reality and game, life and death shift in the minds of young people in network communities and “death groups” in search of their own individuality and freedom from the society. It is identified that the electronic environment allows to transform communication, change the character of sociality, existence and transcendence of a person in the virtual being. The study results show that today the electronic environment has become not only a stronghold of modern communication and unprecedented integration of the society, but also a ground for deliberate and unconscious escape from the social reality, new manifestations of escapism and giving up the desire to live in the reality.

Author(s):  
A. Y. Bolshunov ◽  
S. A. Bolshunova ◽  
A. G. Tyurikov

A call for a “New Enlightenment” sounds in the last report of the Club of Rome named “Come On!” It claimed that “New Enlightenment” should not be the continuation of rationalism and Eurocentrism of “Voltaire’s Enlightenment”. The article discusses two issues. Firstly, what challenges the “New Enlightenment” should answer on. Ecological and socioecological challenges are at the top of the agenda. The last one comes from large-scale socio-technical and anthropotechnical experiments with unpredictable consequences. The so-called epoch of “reassembly of the social” is expressed in the deculturation and dehumanisation of social reality. It has adverse consequences for humanity, including the lifeworld destruction and human existence. An alternative to these trends may be hermeneutics, phenomenology and understanding sociology. Second discussed question is science willingness for the “New Enlightenment”. The dominant scientific discourses continue the traditions of “Voltaire’s Enlightenment” and do not respond to time challenges.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Rudenkin

The paper is devoted to an empirical analysis of the role of the Internet in the everyday reality of Russian youth. The author notes that the unusual speed of the Internet spread in the life of Russian society made the circumstances of growing up of modern young Russians very specific. In fact, they became the first generation of Russian “digital natives”. Growing up in the conditions of the rapid spread of the Internet in society, many of them are used to perceiving the Internet as a natural and inalienable attribute of everyday reality. The author uses materials of secondary data analysis and the data of his sociological research among Russian youth to determine the role of the Internet in the social reality of youth and to find out the possible risks and opportunities that it can create. The empirical basis of the study is a questionnaire survey conducted by the author in 2018 among the youth of the city of Ekaterinburg, Russia. The key conclusion of the article is that the Internet is deeply integrated into the social reality of modern Russian youth. The growing importance of the Internet in life is a source of a number of risks, which include the formation of Internet addiction, increasing the vulnerability of young people to destructive content and the formation of a communicative gap between representatives of different generations. The Internet can also be used to broadcast information to a youth audience, to organize cooperation among young people, to popularize good practices and for other purposes. Keywords: youth, Russian youth, Internet, “digital natives”, Russian society


Discourse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
O. V. Yarmak ◽  
P. P. Deryugin ◽  
V. E. Yarmak

Introduction. Sociological studies of the social portrait of students are an urgent problem of science, which has recently acquired special significance in Russian conditions. This is due to those circumstances, which, on the one hand, follow from the special characteristics of students as a specific social group, for which the problems of successful socialization are especially relevant, and on the other, they are dictated by the significant dependence of students on those factors that are formed in the political, economic and the legal space of different regions. In conditions of social transformations and turbulence, almost always young students find themselves in a more difficult situation than older generations. In particular, a number of problems arise on the basis of the divergences and nuances of the social perception of reality, which are formed among students who, to varying degrees, are adapted to the local conditions of the university.Methodology and sources. The theoretical foundation of the study is the concept of youth as a cultural group, the methodology of sociological research of risk and social uncertainty, the works of foreign and national researchers of student youth, which reflect various aspects of students' social life, in particular, the results of a study of the effects of social factors in the information space, new phenomena of youth subcultures, etc., which involve the development of new strategies for a sociological study of the social portrait of young students.Results and discussion. Particular problems of students' socialization arise in those regions of the country where new legal and political realities are forming. Compared with other social groups, in such social spaces, it is more difficult for young people to integrate and join in a new reality, because the usual mechanisms of socialization, formed earlier, are not actual now, and how to achieve full potential in the new social space is not yet clear to everyone. In particular, such contradictions are clearly visible in the Crimean realities, in the university community of Sevastopol. The purpose of the sociological research conducted by the Centre for Sociological Research of Sevastopol State University was to study the characteristics of the social portrait of student youth in Sevastopol, including those representing various groups of students according the period of their residence on the peninsula. For this purpose, two groups of young people were distinguished in the analysis, differing by the period of their residence in Sevastopol: an “indigenous” one – those who live in Sevastopol from birth or moved here at an early age, and a “new” one – those who moved to Sevastopol after 2014. The results of the study made it possible to determine the strategic life goals of university students, which can be described as ambitious: starting a business, acquiring a car and housing, providing material wealth, pursuing career success and self-realization.Conclusion. Most of the “indigenous” youth and “new” residents of the southern capital of Russia have shown their attitude to Sevastopol as a city that they want to develop together. This fact was assessed as a phenomenon of social gratitude: the young generation, who found in Sevastopol the opportunity to live peacefully and fulfill itself, binds itself to the city, but wants to make it better. The study also confirms the relevance of highlighting among students social and demographic groups that differ in the perception of social reality, due to the time spent in this social environment. In particular, this is noted in a higher degree of readiness of “old-timers” for practical participation in changes in social reality – participation in public life, volunteering, etc.


2018 ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
D. V. Rudenkin ◽  
R. Y. Porozov

The work is devoted to the matter of perception of vandalism by representatives of contemporary Russian youth. Basing on the findings of recent sociological and psychological research, the authors note that scientists often describe Russian social reality as a conducive to various forms of vandal behavior among young people. However, the research focus is shifted towards analysis of the forms of vandal behavior of young people and the social factors that can stimulate such behavior. The understanding of vandalism by young people often remains outside analytical interest of psychology and sociology. So, there are a lot of questions both questions about the awareness of the vandal behavior of the Russian youth, and about the meanings of such behavior. Using the data of their own sociological research, the authors aim to reveal the typical understanding of vandalism of contemporary young Russians. During their research, the authors conclude that the interpretation of vandalism among Russian youth is extremely superficial. Young people do condemn vandalism as a phenomenon. But the most of them do not perceive many forms of harmful activities as an example of vandalism. And this makes their understanding of vandalism very flexible.


2020 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
O.V. Sorokin ◽  

Researched is the role of traditional educational institutions in regulation of deviant behavior of young people. In social reality of young people, acts of deviant behavior are endowed with new semantic content. Previously unambiguously condemned behavioral acts associated with attitude towards the teacher, the relationship in the school team and the education system as a whole in modernconditions are interpreted ambiguously in youth environment. Meanwhile, basic foundations of universally significant norms, based on life-meaning values of the core of Russian culture, continue to be reproduced in social practices of Russian youth, thanks to mechanisms of self-regulation, that are based on mentality, archetypes, and habitus. The theme itself, the attitude to objects of education, understanding the meaning of their purpose, functions that they perform in society, are closely related to those key needs, that carriers of the cultural code have long invested in these objects. That is why in the social reality of young people hybrid forms of semantic relationship to universally significant norms begin to coexist. Young people more and more often determine for themselves, that behavioral acts should be considered appropriate for themselves, and which are deviating in the field of education.


2020 ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Oleg Sorokin ◽  

The article analyzes the social and cultural foundations in modern society, which stimulate the embedding of examples of deviant behavior in the process of regulating social interactions in the youth environment. The theoretical and methodological analysis of the main provisions of the structural-functional school (Durkheim, Merton) is presented, the problems of functional integration of cultural elements (Sorokin), the contradictions between culture and social relations (Lapin), the interaction of cultural and social in the process of social development (Ahiezer). Special attention was paid to the correlation of social and cultural tools for regulating individual behavior (Alexander), and the consistency of social and cultural in society (Kravchenko). The author's analysis allowed to determine the main theoretical contradictions of the social mechanism of transformations of social institutions (Zaslavskaya), describe the role of macro-institutions in society (Dimans, Levicheva), and identify the impact of social uncertainty (Chuprov) and social deformations (Kudryavtsev) on society. Conclusions are made about the influence of socio-cultural conditions on the formation of deviant behavior patterns in conditions of uncertainty and the discontinuity of social interactions among young people. Social and cultural grounds determine the nature and direction of regulation of social interactions in society and the predominance of patterns of acceptable, normative or deviating from generally accepted norms of behavior in the mechanism of regulation. The mismatch of cultural and social grounds, as one of the key causes of this phenomenon, is studied from the positions of classical and modern sociological concepts. This discrepancy leads to an increase in illegal practices among young people. The above-mentioned processes of mismatch are accompanied by: dysfunction of macroinstitutions; deformation of the mechanism of normative regulation; reinterpretation of normative patterns in the social reality of young people; giving them a new, deviant meaning. The consequence of these processes is the formation of hybrid forms of regulation of social interactions in the youth environment, when normative patterns coexist with patterns of deviant behavior in the social reality of youth.


Author(s):  
Ирина Анатольевна Петрулевич

Статья посвящена рассмотрению специфики культуры молодежи в условиях новой социальной реальности, детерминированной последствиями пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции и ускорением темпов изменения социальных процессов. Автором акцентируется внимание на сложностях адаптации социальной системы к новым глобальным вызовам и рискам в условиях неопределенности и на трудностях построения жизненных стратегий молодежью как наиболее незащищенной частью общества. Отмечается выраженная актуальность научного исследования процессов, протекающих в молодежной среде на фоне пандемии, в области переосмысления взаимного влияния культуры и различных социально-демографических групп. Особое внимание уделено анализу отношения молодежи к ценностям и рассмотрению механизмов передачи социального опыта старшего поколения. Автором отмечается роль культуры молодежи в формировании самовыражения и мировоззрения молодого поколения в соответствии с социальными реалиями, отмечаются специфика виртуальных форматов коммуникации и стремление к социальной активности молодежи. The paper discusses the specifics of youth culture in the new social reality, determined by the consequences of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection and accelerating the pace of change in social processes. The author focuses on the difficulties of adapting the social system to new global challenges and risks in conditions of uncertainty and on the difficulties of building life strategies for young people as the most vulnerable part of society. The publication points to the pronounced relevance of scientific research on the processes taking place in the youth environment against the background of the pandemic in the field of rethinking the mutual influence of culture and various socio-demographic groups. Special attention is paid to the attitude of young people to the values and social experience of the older generation. The author notes the role of youth culture in shaping the self-expression and worldview of the young generation in accordance with social realities, as well as the specifics of virtual communication and the desire for social activity of young people.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Anton Vladimirovich Serikov ◽  
Yulia Sergeevna Panfilova

Neutralization of the risks of extremism among youth and the integration of at-risk groups of young people in various spheres of public life – a problem that is of particular importance for Russian national security. The successful solution of the problem, while the "fluid" social reality is changing, is only possible if we take into account the recent trends in the development of extremist formations with due regard for network communities, flash mobilization groups. The article is dedicated to the analysis of the trends of youth extremism reconfiguration that occur in modern Russian society, and the contradictions of reactive counteraction policy, the principles of which are not always integrated in a new social reality. The authors substantiate the application of the potential of the activity-activist approach, including the tendency to the definition of youth extremism as a volatile social phenomenon with a highly adaptive potential. Based on the results of the research, the authors describe the new internal and external development challenges of extremist groups in Russia: the creation of new topics for manipulating mass consciousness (socio-ecological, social identity-related , culturally-oriented); "dispersion" of extremist structures; inclusion in legal social actions; positioning as open to young people without "preconditions"; inclusion of conventional relations within the framework of the exchange of ideas and "projects". In conclusion, the authors note that recognition of the internal and external challenges of youth extremism requires reformatting its perception and evaluation as a new movement which produces new risks for Russian society.  


2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Clémence ◽  
Thierry Devos ◽  
Willem Doise

Social representations of human rights violations were investigated in a questionnaire study conducted in five countries (Costa Rica, France, Italy, Romania, and Switzerland) (N = 1239 young people). We were able to show that respondents organize their understanding of human rights violations in similar ways across nations. At the same time, systematic variations characterized opinions about human rights violations, and the structure of these variations was similar across national contexts. Differences in definitions of human rights violations were identified by a cluster analysis. A broader definition was related to critical attitudes toward governmental and institutional abuses of power, whereas a more restricted definition was rooted in a fatalistic conception of social reality, approval of social regulations, and greater tolerance for institutional infringements of privacy. An atypical definition was anchored either in a strong rejection of social regulations or in a strong condemnation of immoral individual actions linked with a high tolerance for governmental interference. These findings support the idea that contrasting definitions of human rights coexist and that these definitions are underpinned by a set of beliefs regarding the relationships between individuals and institutions.


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