scholarly journals QUALITATIVE CONCENTRATION OF HUMUS OF CHESTNUT SOILS CONSIDERING MANY-YEAR FERTILIZING

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
A. K. Ulanov ◽  
L. V. Budazhapov ◽  
T. P. Lapukhin ◽  
A. S. Biltuev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Growth Rate Constant ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Average Annual Loss ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Control Variant

The results of long-term agrochemical experiments highlight quantitative and qualitative changes in the humus status of chestnut soil when applying organic and mineral fertilizers. When fertilizers were not applied, the initial humus concentration in the soil was reduced and on average reached its minimum level of 0.94 ± 0.03% in the 48th year of research. During the whole period in the unfertilized variant, the soil lost 28.3% of the initial amount of humus, or 11.0 t/ha, with an average annual loss of 228 kg. Kinetic parameters of humus reducing in the soil of the control variant reached k = 0.008 year -1 in rapid manifestation. When mineral fertilizers were applied, the humus concentration was higher than in the control variant and reached 1.17 ± 0.05% by the last date of determination. The reduction rate in the variant of applying mineral fertilizer was k = 0.003 year -1. The average annual inflow of root and stubble residues when applying mineral fertilizes compensated humus losses and stabilized its concentration after 30 years of research. Reducing of humus reserves in the soil revealed in a corresponding reduction of annual losses, which reached 131 kg/ha in the first 16 years, with further decrease of 107 kg/ha in 14 years, followed by their absence and slight decrease in the last 7 years - 41 kg/ha. Deficient and positive balance of humus was provided by the variant with manure application. The humus concnetration in the soil for 48 years of applying fertilizers reached 1.50 ± 0.04% and significantly exceeded the initial concentration. On average, during the research period the soil multiplied its reserves on 5.6 t/ha with an average annual growth rate of 117 kg/ha. Kinetics of humus concentration increase in soil in the variant with manure application had a growth rate constant k = 0.002 per year. Ranking of positive quantitative (S gen, %) and qualitative (HC: FC) changes of humus in soil according to estimation variants in dynamics of perennial series occurs in a row: no fertilizers (0.56 % and 0.75) → complete fertilization NPK (0.69 % and 0.79) → manure (0.86 % and 0.92).

Ageing Saudi Population in the Facebook Era

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asharaf Abdul Salam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
Facebook Usage

<p>Data pertaining to 1974, 1992, 2004 and 2010 Censuses in Saudi Arabia was collected. Some reviews and literature on population ageing in Saudi Arabia as well as Facebook usage obtained. Statistics pertaining to Saudi population was utilized.</p> <p>Aged population in 2010 estimated by assuming the annual growth rate of 1974-2004.</p>

SOUTHERN CHERNOZEMS FERTILITY REPRODUCTION IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
High Doses

Fertility reproduction features of southern carbonate chernozems in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan (Shortandinsky district of Akmola region) are studied. We studied the changes of humus content in the model micro plot experience. Various variants of the experiment with non-fallow and dump steam without fertilizers, grain crops with different doses of mineral fertilizers, manure, as well as with straw and sideral crops (pea-oat mixture, Donnik) are laid down. The introduction of rotted manure in small doses of 20 t / ha did not provide an increase in humus during crop rotation. When adding 40 and 80 t / ha of manure to the fallow field, it allowed to increase the humus content by 0.24 and 0.18 % of the initial amount. The introduction of sideral steam and perennial grasses into crop rotation enhanced the processes of humification and provided a positive balance of humus. In this version of the experiment, the amount of humus increased by 0.10-0.13 %. The greatest accumulation of organic matter occurred when using melilot: the increase in humus was 0.39 %. Long-term cultivation of permanent wheat crop in one field, even with high doses of mineral fertilizers, does not provide significant reproduction of soil fertility. The application of mineral fertilizers does not contribute to the increase of humus in the soil. The greatest decrease in humus content in southern chernozems is observed in the permanent dump and waste-free pair-0.11 and 0.13% over a 6-year period of observations.

scholarly journals Association between triglyceride-glucose index and risk of arterial stiffness: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouling Wu ◽  
Luli Xu ◽  
Mingyang Wu ◽  
Shuohua Chen ◽  
Youjie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background Triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance, has been reported to be associated with arterial stiffness. However, previous studies were limited by the cross-sectional design. The purpose of this study was to explore the longitudinal association between TyG index and progression of arterial stiffness. Methods A total of 6028 participants were derived from the Kailuan study. TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Arterial stiffness progression was assessed by the annual growth rate of repeatedly measured baPWV. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the cross-sectional association of TyG index with baPWV, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the longitudinal association between TyG index and the risk of arterial stiffness. Results Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that each one unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 39 cm/s increment (95%CI, 29–48 cm/s, P < 0.001) in baseline baPWV and a 0.29 percent/year increment (95%CI, 0.17–0.42 percent/year, P < 0.001) in the annual growth rate of baPWV. During 26,839 person-years of follow-up, there were 883 incident cases with arterial stiffness. Participants in the highest quartile of TyG index had a 58% higher risk of arterial stiffness (HR, 1.58; 95%CI, 1.25–2.01, P < 0.001), as compared with those in the lowest quartile of TyG index. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis showed a significant dose–response relationship between TyG index and the risk of arterial stiffness (P non-linearity = 0.005). Conclusion Participants with a higher TyG index were more likely to have a higher risk of arterial stiffness. Subjects with a higher TyG index should be aware of the following risk of arterial stiffness progression, so as to establish lifestyle changes at an early stage.

scholarly journals Estimation of the feeding record of pregnant Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of baleen plates

Polar Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-629
Author(s):  
Mayuka Uchida ◽  
Ippei Suzuki ◽  
Keizo Ito ◽  
Mayumi Ishizuka ◽  
Yoshinori Ikenaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Pleuragramma Antarcticum ◽  
Minke Whales ◽  
Balaenoptera Bonaerensis ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractAntarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) are migratory capital breeders that experience intensive summer feeding on Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the Southern Ocean and winter breeding at lower latitudes, but their prey outside of the Antarctic is unknown. Stable isotope analyses were conducted on δ13C and δ15N from the baleen plates of ten pregnant Antarctic minke whales to understand the growth rate of the baleen plate and their diet in lower latitudes. Two to three oscillations along the length of the edge of the baleen plate were observed in δ15N, and the annual growth rate was estimated to be 75.2 ± 20.4 mm, with a small amplitude (0.97 ± 0.21 ‰). Bayesian stable isotope mixing models were used to understand the dominant prey that contributed to the isotopic component of the baleen plate using Antarctic krill from the stomach contents and reported values of Antarctic coastal krill (Euphausia crystallorophias), Antarctic silver fish (Pleuragramma antarcticum), Australian krill spp., and Australian pelagic fish spp.. The models showed that the diet composition of the most recent three records from the base of the baleen plates (model 1) and the highest δ15N values in each baleen plate (model 2) were predominantly Antarctic krill, with a contribution rate of approximately 80%. The rates were approximately 10% for Antarctic coastal krill and less than 2.0% for the two Australian prey groups in both models. These results suggest that pregnant Antarctic minke whales did not feed on enough prey outside of the Antarctic to change the stable isotope values in their baleen plates.

Determination of the Growth Rate of Hydrothermally Synthesised ZnO2 Crystallites

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Egblewogbe ◽  
Garu Gebreyesus ◽  
Samuel A. Atarah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Growth Rate Constant ◽  
Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Zinc Peroxide

Powders consisting of nanoparticles of zinc peroxide were prepared via a simple hydrothermal process using zinc acetate dihydrate and hydrogen peroxide precursors. The size of the crystallites was determined using x-ray powder diffraction. Over a period of 5 hours the crystallite radius increased from 4 nm – 9 nm at a temperature of 68 °C ± 5 °C, with growth rate constant of 0.23 nm3 min−1 calculated using the Lifshitz, Slyozov, and Wagner model. The powders were further characterised with High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis, and Small Angle X-ray Scattering, showing well-crystallised ZnO2 nanoparticles.

Abstract TP80: Incidence And Risk Factors For The Growth And Rupture Of Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms. Results Of Annual Radiologic Follow Up Study.

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Matsumoto ◽  
Kouichirou Tsuruzono ◽  
Manabu Sasaki ◽  
Noriyasu Yoshimura ◽  
Toshiki Yoshimine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Aneurysm Rupture ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Rupture Rate ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms

Background: The recent trend of the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms(UIAs) is going to be conservative. Their natural history of rupture and growth is still unkown. We present the results of annual radiological follow-up study in UIAs. Method: In recent 12 years, we have found 121patients with 148 unruptured cerebral aneurysms were followed annually using 3D-CTA or MRA. Mean follow-up period was 5.5 year. Several factors influencing rupture or growth were statistically examined. Results: Among 121 patients, 9 ruptured and 11 showed growth of UIAs. Annual rupture rate was 1.3% per year and annual growth rate was 1.6% per year. Aneurysm size was the sole factor influencing rupture(P<0.001), whereas female sex and multiplicity were major factors influencing aneurysm growth(P<0.05). Under size 3mm, annual growth rate was 3.0% whereas annual rupture rate was 0.7%. In 4-6mm, growth rate was 1.6% and rupture rate was 1.6%. In 7-9mm, growth rate was 0 and rupture rate was 5.8%. In over 10mm, growth rate was 2.9% and rupture rate was 11.6%. Within 1 year, rupture occurred in 4 cases, and growth was found in 1 case. Conclusions: By annual radiological examination, growth of UIAs was noted more frequently than aneurysm rupture. Especially UIAs under 3mm, growth was 4 times higher than rupture, radiological follow up is effective for aneurysm rupture. Within 1 year, initially found UIAs should be carefully followed in a short interval.

Solid state reactions between Ni3Al and SiC

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Chou ◽  
T. G. Nieh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Growth Rate Constant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Nial Phase ◽  
Reaction Zones ◽  
Carbon Precipitation ◽  
Terminal Component

Solid state reactions between SiC and Ni3Al were studied at 1000°C for different times. Multi-reaction-layers were generated in the interdiffusion zone. Cross-sectional views of the reaction zones show the presence of three distinguishable layers. The Ni3Al terminal component is followed by NiAl, Ni5.4Al1Si2, Ni(5.4−x)Al1Si2 + C layers, and the SiC terminal component. The Ni5.4Al1Si2 layer shows carbon precipitation free, while modulated carbon bands were formed in the Ni(5.4−x)Al1Si2 + C layer. The NiAl layer shows dramatic contrast difference with respect to the Ni3Al and Ni5.4Al1Si2 layers, and is bounded by the Ni3Al/NiAl and Ni5.4Al1Si2/NiAl phase boundaries. The kinetics of the NiAl formation is limited by diffusion, and the growth rate constant is measured to be 2 ⊠ 10−10 cm2/s. The thickness of the reaction zone on the SiC side is always thinner than that on the Ni3Al side and no parabolic growth rate is obeyed, suggesting that the decomposition of the SiC may be a rate limiting step for the SiC/Ni3Al reactions. The carbon precipitates were found to exist in either a disordered or partially ordered (graphitic) state, depending upon their locations from the SiC interface. The formation of NiAl phase is discussed based on an Al-rejection model, as a result of a prior formation of Ni–Al–Si ternary phase. A thermodynamic driving force for the SiC/Ni3Al reactions is suggested.

scholarly journals BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER: A SCIENTOMETRIC STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Senthilkumar R ◽  
Muthukrishnan M
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
British Journal ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Document Type ◽  
Author Productivity ◽  
Research Document ◽  
Scientometric Study ◽  
Rate Research

The present study examined scientific publication research productivity in British journal of cancer for a period of selected 11 years between 2005 and 2015.Making  use of various scientometric indicators likethe annual growth rate, research document type, author productivity, Degree of collaboration, country wise Distribution, Institution wise distributionwas also used to analyze the data and interpretation. The study reveals that total 6818records were published in the 264 issues of the journal.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Aspects of Overweight and Obesity among the Adult Population of the Voronezh Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
N. V. Gabbasova ◽  
N. V. Dzen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Average Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Ideal Weight ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Relevance Obesity has a major impact on the health and well-being of the population, and the prevention of overweight and obesity is a public health priority in many countries around the world.Purpose: was to study the prevalence of obesity among the adult population of the Voronezh region for the period 1996 – 2017, a comparative assessment of the structure of eating behavior in people with normal weight and overweight/obesity.Methods. The research material was data the annual form No. 12 of Rosstat for 1996 through 2017. In order to study eating disorders, 150 people aged from 20 to 61 years were surveyed using the Dutch questionnaire. The main types of eating behavior among the respondents were determined. Ideal weight was calculated by Brock's field formula (1891), the upper limit of normal body weight was considered ideal weight plus 15% ideal weight. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007.Results. The study on the prevalence of obesity was conducted among the adult population of the Voronezh region for the period 1996-2017. The Prevalence of obesity over the period studied has increased by 8 times, the average annual growth rate over the last 4 years was 30,04%. The study of the types of food behavior in respondents with normal and overweight / obesity showed that in most cases the respondents observed pathological types (most often mixed and external). A comparative assessment of the types of eating behavior did not show any significant differences between the groups.Conclusions. The increase in the prevalence of obesity, the high average annual growth rate indicates the increased impact of risk factors on the formation of obesity and the ineffectiveness of the strategy and tactics of dealing with this pathology. The absence of significant differences in the structure of eating behavior does not allow us to consider it a risk factor for obesity. 

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