scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF ALFALFA CROPS IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
M. Iu. Kozyreva ◽  
L. Zh. Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper shows the results of field experiments conducted in 2017-2019. The experiments were devoted to photosynthetic indices of alfalfa in relation to the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops. The experiments with alfalfa blue-hybrid were carried out in environmental conditions of the piedmont zone of RNO-Alania on chernozem leached soil with close occurrence of gravel. The researchers compared mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants; they applied mineral nitrogen fertilizers and biospecimens on the basis of rizobium. In natural conditions (control group) the crops formed photosynthetic potential from 1701.3 thousand m²-days/ha per year of sowing to 3624.3 thousand m²-days/ha in the second year of sowing. Crop rates in the third year had intermediate values between the first and second years of crop use. The effect of starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers was observed during the sowing year in its early stages, when the symbiotic system is still underdeveloped and inactive. When estimating the annual average photosynthetic potential, starting nitrogen doses gave an advantage of only 1.6%. Presowing inoculation of seeds by active strains of strawberry bacteria provided the maximum positive effect, while high mountain strains of rizobium were more effective. Average annual parameter of photosynthetic potential varied from 2699.1to3189.4 thousand m² days/ha, increasing with the improvement of nitrogen nutrition. Inoculation of seeds by high-altitude strains of tuber bacteria increased photosynthetic potential to its maximum values or by 18.2%. In the same variant, as well as in the variant with the starting dose of nitrogen, the maximum values of net productivity of photosynthesis were achieved, which exceeded the values of the control variant by 0.09-0.11 g/m²- day.

scholarly journals SYMBIOTIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICAGO VARIA MART. DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Kozyreva ◽  
◽  
L.Zh. Basieva ◽  
A.Kh. Kozyrev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Industrial Strain ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Mountain Zone

The issue of the use of mineral forms of nitrogen for legumes is still a source of debate among scientists. Under the environmental conditions of the foothill zone of RNO-Alania, the field experiments were laid to study the activity of the symbiotic system and the productivity of the alfalfa depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition and the presence of a virulent active strain of rhizobia. The research was carried out in 2017– 2019. Soil – chernozems leached. Objects: crops of Medicago varia Mart.; industrial strain of rhizotorphin 425a; inoculum of high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria; starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers. The dimensions of the symbiotic apparatus were studied according to the G.S. Posypanov method. The specific activity of symbiosis was 4.2 to 9.0 mg/kg. The maximum amount of air nitrogen (456.1 kg/ha) for three years of experiments was fixed by the symbiotic system of alfalfa in the variant with pre-sowing seed inoculation with high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria. This indicates their higher activity and competitiveness compared to the industrial strain of rhizotorphin 425a and indigenous strains of rhizobia from the pre-mountain zone of RNO-Alania. Mineral forms of nitrogen significantly inhibited the activity of the symbiotic system. As a result, the amount of fixed nitrogen decreased by 3.5–9.0 %. In the pre-mountain zone, under natural conditions, the growth and development of plants were provided with atmospheric nitrogen by 66 %, the rest of the need for the element (34 %) they satisfied with soil nitrogen. The maximum involvement of molecular nitrogen of the atmosphere in the biological cycle was distinguished by the variant with pre-sowing inoculation of seeds by virulent active strains of rhizobia, in which the share of air nitrogen participation in plant nutrition averaged 71–73 % over the three years of research.

scholarly journals Influence of inoculation on photosynthesis and symbiotic parameters of pea and its crop yield in the conditions of the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
A. S. Kiselev ◽  
N. A. Popolzukhina ◽  
P. V. Popolzukhin ◽  
Iu. Iu. Parshutkin ◽  
A. A. Gaidar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper highlights the effect of inoculation by means of biological specimens on formation of photosynthetic parameters, nodule-forming capacities and yield of pea grain. The authors reveal the varieties which mostly respond to the tillage, effective specimens and methods of their application. The researchers explored two varieties of pea as Omskiy 9 and Omskiy 18 and two biological specimens (risotorphine and ruminatine). The study was conducted in the experimental fields of Omsk agricultural research center in 2016-2017 in the following variants: control (without inoculation), inoculation by means of  risotorphine, inoculation by ruminatine and combined tillage. The researchers observed different meteorological conditions during the research. The experiments and calculations of the experimental data were carried out by means of general methodics. The positive effect of inoculation on increasing of such parameters as leaf surface index and photosynthetic potential is observed. Active symbiotic potential, number and weight of nodules rhizosphere of pea had a maximum value when being treated by biospecimen ruminatine and combined inoculation of seeds by risotorphine and ruminatine. The authors highlight significant positive relationship between photosynthetic and active symbiotic potential. Inoculation influenced the yield of pea varieties in a different way in the years of research. The results of variance analysis showed that conditions of experiment influenced the yield of varieties – 34.4 %, the proportion of inoculation effect was 25.0 % and genotype – 17,3 %. Omsk 18 variety was characterized by the highest rates of photosynthetic and symbiotic activity. Seed treatment with ruminatine and combined inoculation with risotorphine and ruminatine have impact when growing pea in the conditions of southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF A SYMBIOTIC APPARATUS OF ALFALFA DEPENDING ON THE NITROGEN NUTRITION TYPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Marina Kozyreva ◽  
Larisa Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Sowing Seed

The experiments were carried out in 2017–2019 in the foothill zone of North Ossetia-Alania (540 m above sea level) on leached chernozem. The effect of the mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition on the formation of the alfalfa symbiotic apparatus was compared to optimize the cultivation agricultural technique. The experimental design included the following options: control - natural soil fertility; In-1800 - seed treatment with the inoculum of nitrogen-fixing bacteria strains selected in high mountain conditions (1800 m above sea level); Strain 425a - seed inoculation with an industrial strain of rhizotorphin (strain 425a); N30 - starting dose of nitrogen; N30+In - combined use of high-mountain strains of bacteria and starting doses of nitrogen. Seeds were treated with the studied strains before sowing. The formation of nodules on the roots of alfalfa during inoculation of seeds with rhizobia strains occurred 1 ... 2 days earlier than in the control, which indicates their greater activity compared to the local microflora. The duration of the general symbiosis in the second year of life in the variants with inoculation with industrial and alpine strains reached 215 ... 216 days, which is 4 ... 7 days more than in the control and variant N30. The greatest number of nodules in all years was noted during seed treatment with the inoculum of alpine rhizobia strains, both in pure form (96 ... 248 units/plant.), and against the background of the use of starting doses of nitrogen (80 ... 243 units/plant.). The smallest mass of nodules in the experiment (40 ... 255 kg/ha) was recorded in the control and variant N30. The highest mass of nodules was formed by the second crop of the second year of sowing life and exceeded 300 kg/ha in all variants with pre-sowing seed inoculation with active rhizobia strains. The superiority of the In-1800 variant over control was 28.3%, and the differences with N30+In turned out to be insignificant. .

scholarly journals Dynamics of alfalfa leaf area depending on nitrogen feeding type

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Marina Yurievna Kozyreva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
First Year Of Life

The results of field studies for 2017-2019 of dynamics of assimilation surface of alfalfa crops depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops are given. Tests with Medicago varia Mart. were carried out in environmental conditions of the pre-mountain zone of RNO-Alania (540 meters above sea level) on the black earth leached with close occurrence of pebbles. Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants were compared. The experience scheme included options: control - natural soil fertility; In-1800 - treatment of seeds with inoculum of strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria selected in high mountain conditions (1800 m above sea level); Strain 425a - inoculation of seeds with industrial strain rhizotorphin (strain 425a); N30 - starting nitrogen dose; N30+In is the joint use of highland strains of bacteria and starting doses of nitrogen. Seeds were treated with the strains studied before sowing. Mineral nitrogen fertilizers were introduced annually early in spring in the form of starting doses. It has been established that the minimum areas of leaves on all variants are observed in the first year of life, in the second year of use of crops the maximum assimilation surface is formed in plants, in the third year - indicators gradually decrease. Every year, the maximum assimilation surface is formed by perennial leguminous herbs to the budding stage - the beginning of flowering (bevel has fallen). The dynamics of leaf surface build-up is directly proportional to the activity of symbiotic relationships with rhizobias. In variants with the highest symbiotic activity (In-1800 and N30+In) the area of leaves reaches maximum values and exceeds 40 thousand m ?/ha in certain years.

scholarly journals Nitrogen regime of haplic Luvisol in orchards at fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Elena Leonicheva ◽  
Tatyana Roeva ◽  
Larisa Leonteva ◽  
Maxim Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Central Russian Upland

The aim of the investigation was to research the mineral nitrogen (Nmin) behavior in loamy haplic Luvisols of orchards located in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Russian Upland. The seasonal dynamics of N min (ammonium + nitrates) was studied during the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 in field experiments with apple and sour cherry. Fertilizers were applied annually in spring at doses increasing from N30K40 to N120K160. The most important factors influencing the nitrogen dynamics were meteorological conditions, productivity of trees, peculiarities of nitrogen uptake by the studied crops. Fertilization of orchards with nitrogen contributed to an increase in Nmin content by 1.5 … 5 times, depending on the dose. The dynamics of Nmin in the soil of fertilized and unfertilized plots was similar and depended on the biological features of the crops: the lowest indicator’s level in the soil under sour cherry was in July during fruit ripening, while in the apple orchard a low nitrogen content was noted in August. Studies have shown that in the climatic conditions of the Central Russian Uplands, loamy haplic Luvisols without additional application of nitrogen fertilizers can provide a favorable level of nitrogen nutrition for apple and sour cherry trees in the first years of fruiting.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LIQUID COMPLEX FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATOR ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AWNLESS BROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
A. P. Eryashev ◽  
◽  
A. A. Kozlova ◽  
P. A. Eryashev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Case Application

The article presents experimental material obtained in the conditions of Mordovia on leached black soil on the effect of MEGAMIX liquid complex fertilizers and Albit growth regulator on photosynthesis production process and productivity of awnless brome. Two-factor field experiments were carried out on the crops of awnless brome on an experimental field at OAO “Mordoviyagosplem” in Ozerny village, urban district of Saransk in 2018 - 2020, according to the following scheme: Factor A - Time of application of liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator. 1 - At the phase of spring growth, 2 - At the phase of stem elongation, 3 - At the phase of spring growth + in the phase of stem elongation. Factor B - Liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator. 1. - Without application of liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator (control). 2. - Megamix-pro. 3. - Megamix nitrogen. 4 - Albit. The results of our research indicate that leafiness of awnless brome prevailed (26.0 and 24.4%) when Megamix-pro and Megamix-nitrogen were used at the time of spring growth; predominant leaf area (47.8 thousand m2 / ha), photosynthetic potential (2.31 million m2 • days / ha), dry matter yield (8.75 t / ha) were formed with application of Megamix nitrogen at the time of spring growth; and net productivity of photosynthesis was the highest without application of these preparations (5.8 g / m2 per day) and with spraying the plants with Megamix-profi and Megamix-nitrogen (5.3 g / m2 per day) at the phase of stem elongation. Photosynthesis productivity was the lowest in case application of Megamix-profi and Megamix-nitrogen at the spring growth phase (224 and 228 g of seeds per 1,000 PhP units).

Соматические дисфункции у детей с задержкой речи

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
E. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. A. Dultsev ◽  
E. V. Safin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Goal of research - the study aims to examine the osteopathic profi le of children with dysarthria and to develop recommendations for osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in 2-3 year old children presenting this pathology.Materials and methods. 30 2-3 year old children with the symptoms of dysarthria took part in the research. All the children were divided into 2 groups: the control group of 15 children received standard treatment, and the experimental group of 15 children received both standard and osteopathic treatment. The dysarthria severity and the osteopathic profi le were evaluated with account of the number of somatic dysfunctions at global, regional, and local levels.Results. The osteopathic correction was shown to have a positive effect on dysarthria severity. The study established a correlation between the dysarthria severity in children and the number of somatic dysfunctions at the local level.Conclusion. The study suggests using osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in the complex therapy of dysarthria in children.

Pragmatic instruction in L2-Russian

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-95
Author(s):  
Daniele Artoni ◽  
Valentina Benigni ◽  
Elena Nuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Instructional Treatment ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Pragmatic Instruction

Over the last three decades, a growing number of studies have investigated the effects of instruction on the acquisition of pragmatic features in L2. The bulk of this research has focused mainly on the teaching of English as a second/foreign language. However, instructional pragmatic studies in L2-Russian are lacking. The main purpose of our study is to contribute towards filling this gap by analysing the effects of pragmatic instruction on the acquisition of two speech acts by Italian learners of Russian. Furthermore, we aim to explore whether the Multimodal Russian Corpus (MURCO), a multimedia subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus, can be an effective tool for teaching speech acts in L2-Russian. Our research was composed of one experimental group (n = 18) and one control group (n = 11); each was composed of two intact classes of Italian university students at an intermediate level of L2-Russian, who were pre- and post-tested using a written discourse completion task. The experimental group was subjected to a programme of pragmatic instruction – eight thirty-minute MURCO-based lessons devoted to requests and advice, while the control group was taught according to the standard syllabus, that is, with no pragmatic instruction. The results revealed that the use of the target pragmatic features varied significantly in the experimental group, but not in the control group, thus showing a general positive effect of the instructional treatment based on the MURCO corpus. However, some limitations were identified with regard to the usability of this tool by teachers and learners.

A Randomized Controlled Study of the Effectiveness of Electrophysiological Monitoring of Dexmedetomidine in Patients with Brain Damage of Various Origins

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
Yuri Y. Kiryachkov ◽  
Marina V. Petrova ◽  
Bagautdin G. Muslimov ◽  
Sergey A. Bosenko ◽  
Mikhail M. Gorlachev
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Starting Dose

Background.At the same time, the main effect of the use of this drug is the elimination of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction and sympatholysis. It seems important to search for a method of indications and selection of a dose of dexmedetomidine in intensive care.Aims to improve the clinical effectiveness of the electrophysiological navigation of the prolonged use of dexmedetomidine in patients with brain pathology of various origins.Methods.The study included 83 patients 2050 days after the traumatic brain injury, anoxic damage; consequences of acute disorders of cerebral. 37 patients comprised the 1st intervention group with a clinical course of dexmedetomidine (male 28; female 9; average age 49.62.3 years) and 46 patients comprised the 2nd control group without pharmacological correction with dexmedetomidine (male 23; female 23, average age 512.5 years). Criteria for the inclusion of prolonged infusion of the drug dexmedetomidine (Orion Pharma, Finland) are based on heart rate variability (HRV) indicators characteristic of sympathetic hyperactivity, the target task of titration of doses of dexmedetomidine served as the parameters for achieving normal HRV indicators, the appearance of parasympathetic hyperactivity served as the basis for reducing the dosage of the drug or stopping it of application. HRV parameters were recorded before dexmetomedine infusion-initially, on 13; 45; 910; 1520 days of drug administration.Results.The starting dose of dexmedetomidine with sympathetic hyperactivity in patients was 0.12 to 0.24 g.kg1.hr1(average dose 0.160.01; total 200 mg/day). According to digital data from HRV, the effective dose of dexmedetomidine ED50 was 0.260.03 g.kg1.hr1(total daily 353.835.1 g) and was achieved on day 910 using dexmedetomidine.Conclusions.The protective role of dexmedetomidine with correction of sympathetic hyperactivity based on electrophysiological navigation according to the HRV is reliable in the following indicators: The improvement of consciousness; a significant decrease in the incidence of distress lung syndrome; septic shock; mortality.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER DOSE AND ROW SPACING ON AMARANTH PRODUCTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cereal Aphid ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Amaranth is a valuable food and feed crop that can solve the problem of vegetable protein in animal husbandry. The aim of the research was to study elements of amaranth cultivation technology: the dose of nitrogen fertilizers (without fertilizers, N15, N20, N25) and the row spacing (15, 30, 45 cm). The work was carried out on sod-podzolic medium loamy gleyic soil on the experimental field of FSBEI HE Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy in 2018. The studied parameters were determined according to generally ac-cepted methods. The use of nitrogen fertilizers contributed to a significant increase in leaf area and pho-tosynthetic potential of amaranth crops at the highest values of the background N20 – 4.7 thousand m2 / ha and 324.08 thousand m2 / ha × days, respectively. Increase in row spacing when sowing amaranth raised the leaf surface area value, accumulation of dry aboveground mass, photosynthetic potential, ger-mination and safety at maximum values in the variant with a row spacing of 45 cm. abundance of weed flea, cereal aphid and sunflower fire. Sowing amaranth with a width of 45 cm between rows caused a sta-tistically significant decrease in the number of studied pests, as well as the number and dry weight of young and perennial weeds. The use of nitrogen fertilizers in a dose of 25 kg AI / ha contributed to a sig-nificant decrease in the yield of amaranth green mass from 145.12 q / ha on the «no-fertilizer» variant to 127.93 q / ha, with maximum values for the background N20 – 156, 55 kg / ha. Thus, the greatest effi- 128 ciency was shown by the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of 20 kg ai / ha when sown with a row spacing of 45 cm.

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