scholarly journals FORMATION OF A SYMBIOTIC APPARATUS OF ALFALFA DEPENDING ON THE NITROGEN NUTRITION TYPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Marina Kozyreva ◽  
Larisa Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Sowing Seed

The experiments were carried out in 2017–2019 in the foothill zone of North Ossetia-Alania (540 m above sea level) on leached chernozem. The effect of the mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition on the formation of the alfalfa symbiotic apparatus was compared to optimize the cultivation agricultural technique. The experimental design included the following options: control - natural soil fertility; In-1800 - seed treatment with the inoculum of nitrogen-fixing bacteria strains selected in high mountain conditions (1800 m above sea level); Strain 425a - seed inoculation with an industrial strain of rhizotorphin (strain 425a); N30 - starting dose of nitrogen; N30+In - combined use of high-mountain strains of bacteria and starting doses of nitrogen. Seeds were treated with the studied strains before sowing. The formation of nodules on the roots of alfalfa during inoculation of seeds with rhizobia strains occurred 1 ... 2 days earlier than in the control, which indicates their greater activity compared to the local microflora. The duration of the general symbiosis in the second year of life in the variants with inoculation with industrial and alpine strains reached 215 ... 216 days, which is 4 ... 7 days more than in the control and variant N30. The greatest number of nodules in all years was noted during seed treatment with the inoculum of alpine rhizobia strains, both in pure form (96 ... 248 units/plant.), and against the background of the use of starting doses of nitrogen (80 ... 243 units/plant.). The smallest mass of nodules in the experiment (40 ... 255 kg/ha) was recorded in the control and variant N30. The highest mass of nodules was formed by the second crop of the second year of sowing life and exceeded 300 kg/ha in all variants with pre-sowing seed inoculation with active rhizobia strains. The superiority of the In-1800 variant over control was 28.3%, and the differences with N30+In turned out to be insignificant. .

scholarly journals Dynamics of alfalfa leaf area depending on nitrogen feeding type

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Marina Yurievna Kozyreva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
First Year Of Life

The results of field studies for 2017-2019 of dynamics of assimilation surface of alfalfa crops depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops are given. Tests with Medicago varia Mart. were carried out in environmental conditions of the pre-mountain zone of RNO-Alania (540 meters above sea level) on the black earth leached with close occurrence of pebbles. Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants were compared. The experience scheme included options: control - natural soil fertility; In-1800 - treatment of seeds with inoculum of strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria selected in high mountain conditions (1800 m above sea level); Strain 425a - inoculation of seeds with industrial strain rhizotorphin (strain 425a); N30 - starting nitrogen dose; N30+In is the joint use of highland strains of bacteria and starting doses of nitrogen. Seeds were treated with the strains studied before sowing. Mineral nitrogen fertilizers were introduced annually early in spring in the form of starting doses. It has been established that the minimum areas of leaves on all variants are observed in the first year of life, in the second year of use of crops the maximum assimilation surface is formed in plants, in the third year - indicators gradually decrease. Every year, the maximum assimilation surface is formed by perennial leguminous herbs to the budding stage - the beginning of flowering (bevel has fallen). The dynamics of leaf surface build-up is directly proportional to the activity of symbiotic relationships with rhizobias. In variants with the highest symbiotic activity (In-1800 and N30+In) the area of leaves reaches maximum values and exceeds 40 thousand m ?/ha in certain years.

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF ALFALFA CROPS IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
M. Iu. Kozyreva ◽  
L. Zh. Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper shows the results of field experiments conducted in 2017-2019. The experiments were devoted to photosynthetic indices of alfalfa in relation to the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops. The experiments with alfalfa blue-hybrid were carried out in environmental conditions of the piedmont zone of RNO-Alania on chernozem leached soil with close occurrence of gravel. The researchers compared mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants; they applied mineral nitrogen fertilizers and biospecimens on the basis of rizobium. In natural conditions (control group) the crops formed photosynthetic potential from 1701.3 thousand m²-days/ha per year of sowing to 3624.3 thousand m²-days/ha in the second year of sowing. Crop rates in the third year had intermediate values between the first and second years of crop use. The effect of starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers was observed during the sowing year in its early stages, when the symbiotic system is still underdeveloped and inactive. When estimating the annual average photosynthetic potential, starting nitrogen doses gave an advantage of only 1.6%. Presowing inoculation of seeds by active strains of strawberry bacteria provided the maximum positive effect, while high mountain strains of rizobium were more effective. Average annual parameter of photosynthetic potential varied from 2699.1to3189.4 thousand m² days/ha, increasing with the improvement of nitrogen nutrition. Inoculation of seeds by high-altitude strains of tuber bacteria increased photosynthetic potential to its maximum values or by 18.2%. In the same variant, as well as in the variant with the starting dose of nitrogen, the maximum values of net productivity of photosynthesis were achieved, which exceeded the values of the control variant by 0.09-0.11 g/m²- day.

scholarly journals Productivity of soya crops under application of different types of fungicides and inoculant

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
I. Mostoviak ◽  
O. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The One

Goal. Fungicide application fungicides, applied separately and at the background of using inoculum Rhizoactive, on the formation of yielding capacity and some structural parameters of soy crops. According to the set goal, the task was to select the most effective fungicides to fight diseases in the crops, when they are applied separately and at the background of seed inoculation with Rhizoactive. Methods. Field and laboratory. Results. It has been established that the formation of the yielding capacity of soya and indexes of crops structure depends on the fungicides type and their application against the background of using inoculant and without it. It has been proved that the highest productivity of soya crops formed in the variants of the experiment with the application of Impact K, 0.8 l/ ha and Coronet 300 SC КС, 0.8 l/ha against the background of treatment of soya seeds with Rhizoactive. Conclusions. Application of fungicides Akanto Plus 28 KC, 1.0 l/ha, Amistar Extra 280 SC, KC, 0.75 l/ha, Bamper Super 490, KE, 1.5 l/ ha, Impact K, 0.8 l/ha, Koronet 300 SC, KC, 0.5 l/ha in the crops of soy at the background of pre-sowing seed treatment with  inoculum leads to the increase of yielding capacity of crops by 11—15% and improved structure of crops, which is, on the one hand, provided by the improving phytosanitary state of soy crops under the action of fungicides, and on the other hand, by the nutrition of plants at the background of activation of legume inoculum.

scholarly journals Growth and development of Alfalfa depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Marina Yu. Kozyreva ◽  
Larisa Zh. Basieva ◽  
Al-Azawi Nagham Majeed Hameed ◽  
Alda Kh. Chibirova ◽  
Khetag M. Khetagurov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
The Third ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of plants were compared in experiments with the blue-hybrid alfalfa. Variants with seed inoculation by high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria (In-1800 and N30+In) had the maximum height of plants during all experimental years (40-70 cm), which is explained by the better nitrogen provision of plants. At the same time, the effect of the mineral forms of nitrogen appeared only in the year of sowing at the beginning of the growing season to the first mowing, in the future the differences between these options were neutralized. The foliage intensity of plants was in the range of 41.4-54.8%, increasing due to the improved availability of biologically bound nitrogen in plants. Mineral forms of nitrogen reduced plants’ foliage coverage in all experimental years, however, this decrease was noted only in the initial periods of vegetation. The maximum indicators of foliage coverage were noted in the In-1800 variant. By the end of the third year of crops use, the plant stand density was 980-1100 thousand units/ha, and the total thinning of alfalfa crops reached 45-51%. At the same time, the symbiotrophic type of nitrogen nutrition made it possible to significantly increase the competitiveness of plants, which ultimately affected the persistence of the crop density.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOME FERTILIZING COMPOSITIONS ON WINTER RYE PRODUCTIVITY OF RADON VARIETY

2017 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Асрутдинова ◽  
Rufina Asrutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Experimental Scheme ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Investigations were conducted on gray middle-loamy forest soils of selection rotation of Tatar Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture. The experience was laid on the area of 1320 m2, the number of units - 4, number of options - 8, replication - fourfold. The seeding rate of 5 million germinating seeds per hectare. The plot’s area is 15 m2. The following drugs were offered according the experimental scheme: Block 1 - pre-sowing seed treatment. 1. Control-1 (no treatment); 2. Fundazol - 2 kilogramm pet ton; 3. CuMo - 2 litre per ton; 4. CuMo 4 litre per ton; 5. CuMo 6 litre per ton; 6. CuZn 2 litre per ton; 7. CuZn 4 litre per tont; 8. CuZn 6 litre per ton. Block 1 - pre-sowing seed treatment by testing preparations; Block 2 - presowing treatment of seeds + autumn spraying of crops with testing drugs: 1. Control - 1 (no treatment); 2. Fundazol - 0.5%; 3. CuMo - 0.4%; 4. CuMo - 0.8%; 5. CuMo - 1,2%; 6. CuZn - 0,4%; 7. CuZn - 0,8%; 8. CuZn - 1,2%; Block 3 - pre-sowing seed treatment by testing preparations + spring spraying of crops with testing drugs; 4 unit - - pre-sowing seed treatment by testing preparations + autumn + spring spraying of crops with testing drugs. The results of 3 years of research have shown, that pre-sowing treatment of seeds by stimulant formulations increased the productivity of winter rye with maximum effect, when applying zinc-copper composition, containing chelate compounds at a concentration of 4 litre per ton. Complex application of incentive compounds for pre-sowing treatment with optional autumn spraying by appropriate preparations allowed slightly increase the productivity of winter rye of Radon variety, mainly, due to increasing plant survival after hibernation. The combined use of the studied compounds before planting together with spring spraying of plants increased the productivity more, than in the autumn spraying. Complex application of the experimental compounds for pre-sowing treatment of seeds in conjunction with the 2-fold (autumn and spring) spraying of vegetating plants increased productivity at the block level of spring spraying.

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

Influence of pre-sowing seed treatment on frost- and winter resistance of winter wheat after various predecessors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
A.V. Cherenkov ◽  
◽  
S.K. Gruzinov ◽  
I.O. Kobos ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sowing Seed

INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION DEGREE OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL ON RESPONSIVENESS OF SOWING PEAS TO NITROGEN NUTRITION LEVEL

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Harvest Maturity

The article presents the results of a vegetation experiment on studying an effect of increasing doses of nitrogen (factor С - N0; No.o5; No.io; N015; No.2o; N0,25 g/kg of absolutely dry soil) and pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with biological preparation "Risotorphine" (factor В - no inoculation; by inoculation) on the formation of vegetative mass and grain yield ofpeas at cultivating in the conditions of a poorly cultivated (factor A0) and of a medium cultivated (factor A f sod-podzolic soil. Cultivation degree of soil was expressed by such criteria as power of an arable horizon, value of metabolic acidity and content of mobile phosphorus, a degree of saturation of soil with bases. For experience tab there were used Mitscher-lich cups with a capacity of 5 kg of absolutely dry soil (a.d.s.), in 16 repetitions of options. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of vegetation site on the territory of University Scientific Centre "Lipogorie" of FSBEI Perm GATA, guided by a science-based methodology. When harvesting peas for a green mass more intensive development and productivity of plants (23.3 and 58.9, 40.0, 78.8 g/cup, respectively) in the phase of stem branching and budding a beginning offlowering that is recorded for its use on the background of inoculation, usage of mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.10 g/kg on a poorly cultivated soil and 0.15 g/kg a.d.s. on a medium cultivated soil. Applying of higher doses of nitrogen has a depressing effect on development of assimilating surface of pea plants on a poorly and a medium cultivated soil. When raising pea plants before harvest maturity of grain: in the conditions of a poorly cultivated soil for yield at the level of 7.92 g/cup, the process of carrying on only an inoculation of seed with microbial preparation "Rizotorfin" can be considered; in the medium cultivated soil varieties, plant peas impose higher requirements for the level of mineral nutrition the maximum yield in the experiment (which 9.22 g/cup), noted at a combined use of inoculation and mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.20 g/kg a.d.s.

Hot water seed treatment for Leucaena glauca (L.) Benth

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
SG Gray
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sowing Seed

Seed of Leucaena glauca (L.) Benth. germinates slowly, and irregularly unless treated before sowing to render the testa permeable to water. Treatment with sulphuric acid is effective but inconvenient to use. Experiments with hot water over a range of temperature and time are described. An effective treatment was to immerse the seed in water at 80�Cfor two minutes. After this treatment seed can be dried rapidly and stored before sowing. Seed treated in this way has retained full viability for 15 months.

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