scholarly journals Influence of inoculation on photosynthesis and symbiotic parameters of pea and its crop yield in the conditions of the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
A. S. Kiselev ◽  
N. A. Popolzukhina ◽  
P. V. Popolzukhin ◽  
Iu. Iu. Parshutkin ◽  
A. A. Gaidar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper highlights the effect of inoculation by means of biological specimens on formation of photosynthetic parameters, nodule-forming capacities and yield of pea grain. The authors reveal the varieties which mostly respond to the tillage, effective specimens and methods of their application. The researchers explored two varieties of pea as Omskiy 9 and Omskiy 18 and two biological specimens (risotorphine and ruminatine). The study was conducted in the experimental fields of Omsk agricultural research center in 2016-2017 in the following variants: control (without inoculation), inoculation by means of  risotorphine, inoculation by ruminatine and combined tillage. The researchers observed different meteorological conditions during the research. The experiments and calculations of the experimental data were carried out by means of general methodics. The positive effect of inoculation on increasing of such parameters as leaf surface index and photosynthetic potential is observed. Active symbiotic potential, number and weight of nodules rhizosphere of pea had a maximum value when being treated by biospecimen ruminatine and combined inoculation of seeds by risotorphine and ruminatine. The authors highlight significant positive relationship between photosynthetic and active symbiotic potential. Inoculation influenced the yield of pea varieties in a different way in the years of research. The results of variance analysis showed that conditions of experiment influenced the yield of varieties – 34.4 %, the proportion of inoculation effect was 25.0 % and genotype – 17,3 %. Omsk 18 variety was characterized by the highest rates of photosynthetic and symbiotic activity. Seed treatment with ruminatine and combined inoculation with risotorphine and ruminatine have impact when growing pea in the conditions of southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on morphometric parameters of Melissa officinalis in the Republic of Mordovia

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Ilya Alexandrovich Khapugin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Republic

The influence of mineral fertilizers on morphometric parameters of Melissa officinalis (Melissa officinalis L.) was studied. It is shown that the morphometric indicators changed depending on the meteorological conditions and the types of mineral fertilizers. The most active shoot formation was observed on the variant with the use of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. The maximum value of the leaf surface index (leaf area index – LAI) of Melissa officinalis plants was recorded in 2017 on the variant with the use of nitrogen-potassium mineral fertilizers.    

scholarly journals The formation of agrophytocenoses of sunflower hybrids when using fertilizers in the Middle Volga forest-steppe

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Vasily G. Vasin ◽  
Denis V. Potapov ◽  
Lyudmila V. Kiseleva ◽  
Ramis N. Saniev ◽  
Mikhail A. Zhizhin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Different Doses

The methods of increasing productivity of sunflower hybrids using fertilizers and a micronutrient mixture Agromineral in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga were described. The results of 2017–2018 studies are presented. The leaf area, the photosynthetic potential, the crop structure and the yield at different doses of fertilizers were assessed. The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential is formed by crops of the mid-season hybrid 8H477KLDM (4.386 million m2/ha per day). The use of fertilizers and micronutrient mixtures increases the photosynthetic potential and productivity by 9.09 ... 9.36 c/ha with an absolute value of 29.46 ... 31.83 c/ha.

scholarly journals ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ НЕКОРНЕВОЙ ПОДКОРМКИ МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТНЫМИ УДОБРЕНИЯМИ НА УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ЗЕРНА ЯРОВОЙ ТРИТИКАЛЕ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Kshnikatkina ◽  
A.N. Dolzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Grain Unit

Представлены результаты исследований по влиянию микроэлементных удобрений на формирование урожайности и качество зерна яровой тритикале сорта Укро. Установлено, что микроэлементные удобрения Азосол 36 Экстра, Мегамикс-Азот, Мегамикс-Профи, Цитовит и НаноКремний обеспечили увеличение параметров фотосинтеза агроценозов яровой тритикале. Максимальное значение листовой поверхности 42,5 тыс. м2/га, фотосинтетического потенциала 1,03 млн. м2 дн./га, чистой продуктивности фотосинтеза 6,29 г/м2 в сутки отмечены при двукратной фолиарной подкормке в фазы кущения и колошения препаратом Азосол 36 Экстра. Вследствие применения некорневой подкормки растений микроэлементными удобрениями в хелатной форме наблюдалось повышение урожайности яровой тритикале сорта Укро в совокупности с улучшением технологических свойств зерна. По вариантам опыта, в среднем за три года, урожайность зерна была 3,84-4,43 т/га. Прибавка по отношению к контролю колебалась в пределах 0,42-1,27 т/га (13,3-40,3). Наибольшая урожайность высококачественного зерна 4,43 т/га получена при двукратной подкормке в фазы кущения и колошения препаратом Азосол 36 Экстра, прибавка урожая зерна 1,27 т/га (40,3), натура зерна 796 г/л, стекловидность 63, сырая клейковина 26,2, белка 15,1.The results of studies on the influence of microelement fertilizers on the formation of productivity and grain quality of spring triticale of the Ukro variety are presented. It was found that microelement fertilizers Azosol 36 Extra, Megamix-Azot, Megamix-Profi, Tsitovit and NanoKremny provided an increase in the parameters of photosynthesis of agrocenoses of spring triticale.The maximum value of the leaf surface of 42.5 thousand m2/ha, the photosynthetic potential of 1.03 million m2 d/ ha, the net productivity of photosynthesis of 6.29 g/m2 per day were noted with double foliar dressing during the tillering and heading phases with Azosol 36 Extra. Due to the application of foliar dressing with microelement fertilizers in chelated form, an increase in the yield of spring triticale of the Ukro variety was observed, together with an improvement in the technological properties of grain. According to the experimental variants, on average for three years, the grain yield was 3.84-4.43 t/ha. The increase in relation to the control ranged from 0.42-1.27 t/ha (13.3-40.3). The highest yield of high-quality grain of 4.43 t/ha was obtained by double top dressing at the tillering and heading phases with the use of Azosol 36 Extra an increase in grain yield was 1.27 t/ha (40.3), grain unit - 796 g/l, glassiness - 63, raw gluten - 26.2, protein - 15.1.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGROMINERAL MICROFERTILIZING MIXTURE APPLICATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRID

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Denis Potapov ◽  
Ramis Saniev ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin ◽  
Aleksey Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga

The work presents the results of studies for 2017-2019, aimed at developing methods for increasing the productivity of sunflower hybrids cultivated according to the Clearfield system when using the microfertilizing mixture Agromineral in the forest-steppe zone of Middle Volga region. The results of the studies showed that the safety of plants at the time of harvesting is up to 91.8%; the maximum safety is achieved when processing crops by vegetation with Agromineral microfertilizing mixture at a dose of 3 l/ha. The leaf area increased until the budding phase, reaching a maximum of 99.2 thousand m2/ha, on a mid-season hybrid when processing crops with a dose of 3 l/ha, and then, due to drying of the lower leaves, it begins to decrease to the phase of the onset of flowering to 37.8 ... 57.9 thousand m2/ha. The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential is formed by crops of the mid-season hybrid 8N477KLDM - 4.781 million m2/ha days. The use of fertilizers and micronutrient mixtures increases its value and, as a result, increases productivity by 9.09 ... 9.36 kg/ha with an absolute indicator of 27.2 ... 33.2 kg/ha.

Pollen viability and fertility of species from genus Hemerocallis L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-309
Author(s):  
L. R. Cheltygmasheva
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Viable Pollen ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
High Degree

The work presents the results of determining the pollen viability and fertility of three species from genusHemerocallis in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. It was noted that H. middendorfii has the most viable pollen,while its value is quite low and amounts to only 5 %. In other species, the maximum value of this indicator varies from 1.9% (H. citrina) to 4.6 % (H. fulva). It was established that the pollen of studied species has a rather high degree of fertilityand takes values from 50.8–56.2 % of H. fulva to 93.4–95.7 % of H. middendorfii.

scholarly journals Влияние предпосевного озонирования семян на эффективность производства зелёной массы клевера лугового

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
A.N. Sorokin ◽  
T.M. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Environmental Focus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Подготовка посевного материала и его качество является одним из основных факторов получения высоких и устойчивых урожаев, поэтому при обработке семян также расширяется спектр способов их подготовки. Актуальность работы состоит в экологической направленности инновационной технологии обработки семян сельскохозяйственных культур озоновоздушным потоком взамен химического протравливания. Озоновоздушная смесь в различных концентрациях способствует повышению посевных качеств семян и подавлению патогенной микрофлоры. Представлены результаты исследований по изучению влияния предпосевного озонирования семян клевера лугового на их посевные качества и урожайность зелёной массы в условиях Костромской области. Исследования проводили в 2015 2017 гг. на опытном поле ФГБНУ Костромской НИИСХ . В исследованиях использовали клевер луговой сорта Сонет. Схема опыта включала две дозы предпосевной обработки семян (0,8 мг/м3 (Озон0,5) и 1,5 мг/м3 (Озон1,0) за 7 дней до посева озоновоздушным потоком в течение 20 минут) и контроль. Исследованиями доказано, что озонирование семян клевера лугового перед посевом положительно влияет на энергию прорастания (от 3 13), на высоту и облиственность растений первого и второго года жизни, повышает урожайность зелёной массы. Предпосевная обработка семян озоновоздушным потоком в варианте Озон0,5 обеспечила повышение урожайности от 9,4 до 14,6, при концентрации 1,5 мг/м3 до 4,8, по сравнению с контролем. В среднем за годы исследований в контрольном варианте урожайность составила 29,2 т/га, а в варианте Озон0,5 32,7 т/га.The preparation of seeds and its quality is one of the main factors for obtaining high and sustainable yields so when processing seeds the range of methods for their preparation is also expanding. The relevance of the work lies in the environmental focus of the innovative technology for treating seeds of agricultural crops with an ozoneair flow instead of chemical dressing. The ozoneair mixture in various concentrations helps to increase the sowing qualities of seeds and suppress pathogenic microflora. The results of researches on the effect of presowing ozonation of meadow clover seeds on their sowing qualities and yield of herbage in the conditions of the Kostroma region are presented. The researches were carried out in 2015 2017 on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Kostroma Agricultural Research Institute . Meadow clover Sonet was used in the researches. The experimental design included two doses of presowing treatment of seeds (0.8 mg/m3 (Ozone0.5) and 1.5 mg/m3 (Ozone1.0). Seven days before sowing by ozoneair flow for 20 minutes) and control. Researches have proven that the ozonation of meadow clover seeds before sowing has a positive effect on germination energy (from 3 13), on the height and foliage of plants in the first and second years of life and increases the yield of herbage. Presowing seed treatment with an ozoneair flow in the Ozone0.5 variant has provided an increase in yield from 9.4 to 14.6 at a concentration of 1.5 mg/m3 up to 4.8 compared with the control. On average over the years of researches the yield in the control variant was 29.2 t/ha and in the Ozone0.5 variant it was 32.7 t/ha.

scholarly journals Influence of the photosynthetic productivity and seed productivity of white lupine plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Mazur ◽  
R. A. Myalkovsky ◽  
K. V. Mazur ◽  
H. V. Pantsyreva ◽  
O. O. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Positive Effect

We studied the influence of complex application of inoculation and retardant on the formation of photosynthetic and seed productivity of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) plants seed varieties. The field research was conducted on the basis of the research farm “Agronomichne” of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, village Agronomichne, Vinnytsa district, Vinnytsia region, Ukraine. Features of the growth and development of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) plants are examined. There has been established a positive effect of the combination of inoculation with the bacterial agent and growth stimulator on the productivity of white lupine, which is important for the formation of high and stable yields. The papers presents the results of studies on the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar nutrion under conditions of the right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the photosynthetic apparatus of white lupine plants. It has been established that bacterial agents and growth stimulators increase white lupine seed productivity due to optimization of the studied technological methods of cultivation. The optimal leaf surface area that provided maximum grain yield has been determined. The research has established a positive effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with the bacterial agent Rhizohumin and the growth stimulator Emistym C and foliar nutrition with Emistym C on the contents of chlorophyll a + b, observed the maximum yield of the white lupine leaves. The influence of the investigated technological methods on the formation of the photosynthetic and chlorophyll synthesis in the leaves of white lupine has been proved. The preparations studied induce intensive development of the photosynthetic apparatus, yield increase, improvement of the yield structure and they improve grain quality under conditions of right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The issue of seed bacterization and application of growth stimulators requires a more detailed study. Theefore, such researches are relevant and significance in terms of both practical and scientific value.

scholarly journals ADAPTIVE CAPACITIES OF OATS VARIETIES OF OMSK AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTRE SELECTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
O. A. Iusova ◽  
V. S. Vasiukevich ◽  
N. I. Aniskov ◽  
I. V. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
High Degree

Adaptibility, plasticity, stability and stress resistance of the oats variety are seen as significant for obtaining stable oat yields with high grain quality. The research aims at assessment of the adaptive capacities of oat varieties selected at Omsk Agricultural Research Centre. The assessment was carried out by means of statistical parameters calculated on the basis of protein concentration in the grain. The experiment was conducted in 2011-2016 on the experimental fields of Omsk Agricultural Research Centre which is located in the southern forest-steppe of Omsk. Protein concentration in the oat grains averaged 11.2% in chaffy varieties and 16.2% in huskless varieties. Following S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell assessment, such varieties as Orion, Irtysh 13, Irtysh 21, Irtysh 23, Tarskiy 2, Fakel and Sibirskiy Gerkules combined high stability and response to better environmental conditions. Sibirskiy golozernyy, Progress, Skakun and Levsha varieties are characterized as varieties that responded to the conditions of cultivation (following S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell the coefficient of linear regression was 1.06 ÷ 1.72; according to V.A. Dragavtsev the coefficient of multiplicity varied from 2.05 to 2.60). The authors observed high resistant varieties (-1.60 ÷ -2.47) as Pamyati Bogachkova, Irtysh 13, Irtysh 23, Tarskiy 2, Skakun and Irtysh 21. Levsha, Sibirskiy golosernyy and Progress varieties were characterized by high degree of correspondence between environmental factors and genotype (according to A.A. Rossielle and J. Hemblin, compensatory capacity was 15.02 ÷ 16.32). Levsha, Sibirskiy golozernyy and Progress varieties refer to plasticity varieties (according to A.A. Gryaznov) and the index of environmental plasticity was 1.26 ÷ 1.36; Levsha, Sibirskiy golozernyy and Progress varieties refer to adaptive varieties (according to A.A. Zhivotkov) and their index of adaptivity varied from 126 to 136%. The authors recommend to include glumiferous varieties Sibirskiy golozernyy, Progress, Levsha, Irtysh 23, Orion, Tarskiy 2 (rank sum is 29.0 ÷ 40.0) and huskless variety Levsha (rank sum is 47.0) into the selection and breeding programs and cultivating them in Western Siberia.   

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF ALFALFA CROPS IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
M. Iu. Kozyreva ◽  
L. Zh. Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper shows the results of field experiments conducted in 2017-2019. The experiments were devoted to photosynthetic indices of alfalfa in relation to the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops. The experiments with alfalfa blue-hybrid were carried out in environmental conditions of the piedmont zone of RNO-Alania on chernozem leached soil with close occurrence of gravel. The researchers compared mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants; they applied mineral nitrogen fertilizers and biospecimens on the basis of rizobium. In natural conditions (control group) the crops formed photosynthetic potential from 1701.3 thousand m²-days/ha per year of sowing to 3624.3 thousand m²-days/ha in the second year of sowing. Crop rates in the third year had intermediate values between the first and second years of crop use. The effect of starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers was observed during the sowing year in its early stages, when the symbiotic system is still underdeveloped and inactive. When estimating the annual average photosynthetic potential, starting nitrogen doses gave an advantage of only 1.6%. Presowing inoculation of seeds by active strains of strawberry bacteria provided the maximum positive effect, while high mountain strains of rizobium were more effective. Average annual parameter of photosynthetic potential varied from 2699.1to3189.4 thousand m² days/ha, increasing with the improvement of nitrogen nutrition. Inoculation of seeds by high-altitude strains of tuber bacteria increased photosynthetic potential to its maximum values or by 18.2%. In the same variant, as well as in the variant with the starting dose of nitrogen, the maximum values of net productivity of photosynthesis were achieved, which exceeded the values of the control variant by 0.09-0.11 g/m²- day.

scholarly journals THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE RHIZOSPHERE OF SPRING BARLEY UNDER THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Shuliko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Positive Effect

The biological activity of the rhizosphere soil increased upon the application of mineral fertilizers (N18P42) and their combination with straw (N18P42 + straw) by 58 and 70 %, in comparison to the control. Of the three studied factors, the application of mineral fertilizers had the highest positive effect on the number of microorganisms in the barley rhizosphere, both separately and in combination with the studied factors.

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