scholarly journals Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Vaccenic Acid in Rumen, Plasma, and Milk of Cows Fed Fish Oil and Fats Differing in Saturation of 18 Carbon Fatty Acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 3648-3660 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. AbuGhazaleh ◽  
D.J. Schingoethe ◽  
A.R. Hippen ◽  
K.F. Kalscheur
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid

Effect of dietary lipid on the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in beef muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Enser ◽  
N. D. Scollan ◽  
N. J. Choi ◽  
E. Kurt ◽  
K. Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fat Supplements

AbstractWe have examined the effect of dietary fats containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of beef m. longissimus lumborum. Four groups of eight Charolais steers were given, for 120 days, grass silage plus a barley/sugar-beet feed concentrate containing one of four fat supplements: Megalac (saturated), linseed (high 18: 3),fish oil (high 20: 5 n-3, eicosapentenoic acid and 22: 6 n-3, docosahexaenoic acid) or linseed plus fish oil. The concentrates supplied 400 g/kg dry-matter (DM) intake and were designed to supply 45 g/kg of the total dietary fat calculated to be 60 g/kg of DM and to contain similar amounts of linoleic acid. Muscle from steers given the Megalac supplement contained 11·3 mg CLA per 100 g muscle and this was increased two- to three-fold in animals given the more unsaturated fat supplements. The increased deposition of CLA was similar for both linseed and fish oil supplements although the concentrations of total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fish oil diet were much less than in the linseed diet. This suggests potent inhibition of conversion of CLA to trans vaccenic acid by fish oil fatty acids or their rumen metabolites.

scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Fish Oil on Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Other Fatty Acids in Milk Fat from Lactating Dairy Cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2620-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Donovan ◽  
D.J. Schingoethe ◽  
R.J. Baer ◽  
J. Ryali ◽  
A.R. Hippen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Fish

Effect of ewe feeding system (grass v. concentrate) on intramuscular fatty acids of lambs raised exclusively on maternal milk

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Valvo ◽  
M. Lanza ◽  
M. Bella ◽  
V. Fasone ◽  
M. Scerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Maternal Milk ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

AbstractTwenty pregnant Comisana ewes were divided into two groups of 10. One group was allowed to graze a vetch pasture (grass). The second group of animals was housed collectively in a pen and was given hay and concentrates (concentrate). After lambing, all the ewes were allowed to stay with the respective lambs between 18:00 h and 07:00 h of the following day in two different pens. Therefore all the lambs were raised exclusively on maternal milk. The lambs were slaughtered at 38 days of age. Milk and lamb meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) fatty acids were analysed. Ewes on grass produced milk with a lower (P < 0·001) proportion of saturated fatty acids and with a higher proportion of both monounsaturated (P < 0·05) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0·01) than ewes given concentrates. Trans-vaccenic acid was significantly higher (P < 0·001) in milk from grass-fed animals compared with ewes given concentrates. Linoleic acid (C18: 2 n-6) tended to be higher (P = 0·06) in milk from ewes on concentrates while linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3) was significantly higher (P < 0·001) in milk from animals grazing pasture. Conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 C18: 2) was almost double in milk from grass-fed ewes compared with animals given concentrates (P < 0·001). Regarding lamb tissue, trans-vaccenic acid (C18: 1 trans-11) was higher (P = 0·01) in the fat from lambs raised by grazing ewes. Linoleic acid (C18: 2 n-6) was at higher concentration (P < 0·001) in the fat from lambs raised by ewes given concentrates. Linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3) was increased three-fold (P < 0·001) in the fat of lambs from the grass group compared with lambs suckled by ewes given concentrates. The isomer cis-9, trans-11 of conjugated linoleic acid was present at double concentration (P < 0·001) in the fat from animals raised by grazing ewes. Eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5 n-3; EPA) and docosaesaenoic (C22: 6 n-3; DHA) acids were higher (respectively P < 0·001 and P = 0·01) in the intramuscular fat from lambs from the grass group compared with animals from the concentrate group. The n-6/n-3 ratio was lower (P < 0·001) in the meat from lambs raised by grazing ewes. Overall this trial showed that ewe feeding system strongly affects intramuscular fatty acids even in lambs raised exclusively on maternal milk.

Effect of level of fish oil in the diet on flow of fatty acids to the small intestine in steers

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 151-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Kim ◽  
J. D. Wood ◽  
I. Richardson ◽  
S. A. Huws ◽  
N. D. Scollan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Long Chain

Previous studies have shown that including fish oil (FO) in the diet of beef cattle resulted in increased long chain C20n-3 PUFA (C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3) in muscle resulting in a lower n-6:n-3 ratio (Scollan et al., 2005). Fish oil is considered to be a good inhibitor of biohydrogenation in the rumen, resulting in increased production of C18:1 trans-11 (Vaccenic acid), the precursor for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA cis-9, trans-11) in muscle. This study investigated the effects of incremental levels of FO in the diet on fatty acid metabolism in the rumen.

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic acid and 3,10 dithia stearic acid inhibit the desaturation of trans-vaccenic acid into cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid through different pathways in Caco-2 and T84 cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaville Bénédicte ◽  
Anne Mullen ◽  
Fiona Moloney ◽  
Yvan Larondelle ◽  
Yves-Jacques Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Key Enzyme

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key enzyme that determines the composition and metabolic fate of ingested fatty acids, in particular the conversion of trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The present study addressed the hypothesis that intestinal TVA absorption and biotransformation into CLA can be modulated by EPA and 3,10-dithia stearic acid (DSA) via altered SCD mRNA levels and desaturation indices (cis-9, trans-11-CLA:TVA and oleic acid:stearic acid ratios) in Caco-2 and T84 cells, two well-established in vitro models of the human intestinal epithelium. The study determined the effect of acute (3h with 0·3mm-EPA or 0·3mm-DSA) and acute-on-chronic (1 week with 0·03mm-EPA or -DSA, followed by respectively, 0·3mm-EPA or -DSA for 3h) treatments. In both cell lines, acute EPA treatment did not alter SCD desaturation indices, whereas the acute-on-chronic treatment affected these surrogate markers of SCD activity. This was associated with reduced sterol regulatory-element binding protein-1c and SCD mRNA levels. In contrast, acute and acute-on-chronic DSA treatments significantly reduced SCD desaturation indices without affecting SCD mRNA levels in Caco-2 cells. The present study on intestinal cells shows that the conversion rate of TVA to c9, t11-CLA is affected by other fatty acids present in the diet such as EPA, confirming previous observations in hepatic and mammary cell models.

Conjugated linoleic acid and trans C18:1 in muscle and adipose tissue of lambs fed supplements containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
M. Enser ◽  
A.M. Wachira ◽  
L.A. Sinclair ◽  
R.G Wilkinson ◽  
K.G. Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) occur in the milk and tissues of ruminants. Although cis-9, trans-11 CLA is an intermediate in the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid in the rumen, duodenal flows of CLA are very low (Scollan et al, 2001) and most CLA appears to be synthesised in tissues from trans-11 C18:1 (vaccenic acid) (Griinari et al, 2000). Trans C18:1 isomers are also produced in the rumen and their amounts are increased when the levels of dietary unsaturated fatty acids are raised. We have investigated the relationship of tissue levels of CLA and trans C18:1 in three breeds of lambs fed supplements of linseed or fish oil to increase trans C18:1.

Temporal changes in milk conjugated linoleic acidfor cows fed a pasture- or conserved-forages-based diet and supplemented with fish oil and sunflower oil

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
D. O. Felton ◽  
S. A. Ibrahim ◽  
A. A. AbuGhazaleh
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
Oil Sunflower

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of forage source on the temporal changes in milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Fourteen Holstein cows were divided into two groups. One group (LOT) was fed a corn silage-alfalfa hay mix ad libitum, while the other group (PAS) grazed on alfalfa-grass pasture. Additionally, both groups were fed 8.2 kg d-1 grain supplement containing 650 g of oil composed of fish oil and sunflower oil (1:4). The concentration of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat of both diets reached maximum levels on day 3 of oil supplementation, declined during day 6, and then remained constant during the reminder of the experiment. Milk vaccenic acid (VA) and trans-10 C18:1 reached their maximum concentrations on days 3 and 6, respectively, of oil supplementation with both diets. In conclusion, the decline in milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA over time was not affected by forage source and may have resulted from an increase in formation of trans-10 C18:1 and C18:0 at the expenses of VA. Key words: Conjugated linoleic acid, milk, forage, fish oil, sunflower oil

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