scholarly journals The authorship of the poem ‘Ushshaq-nama from the prospect of academic orientalist studies and modern computer technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1360-1378
Author(s):  
V. A. Drozdov
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Persian Literature ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Persian Poetry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation

The poem ‘Ushshaq-nama by Fakhr ad-Din ‘Iraqi (610–688 / 1213–1289) is the first poetical writing on the subject of mystical love in Persian literature. ‘Iraqi’s authorship of this work has never been questioned by researchers. However, the English orientalist J. Baldick 1973 cast a doubt on ‘Iraqi’s authorship of this poem. The article examines in detail the arguments of J. Baldick both from the point of view of the context of the creation of the poem, as well as the methods of the latest computational methods, in particular stylometry. Boldik's arguments concern both the historical and religious context in which ‘Iraqi lived and the peculiarities of his works, primarily the poem‘Ushshaq-name. The paper demonstrates that this computational method may be used for the study of the features of the style of Persian poetry and the confirmation of the authorship of doubtful Persian writings. Further expert decision full-field by Artjoms Šeļa based on stylometric methods for the establishment of the poem ‘Ushshaq- nama is expounded. While the results of the analysis of the historical and religious contexts of the poem may serve as confirmation of the authorship of ‘Iraqi and the refutation of the Baldick hypothesis, the results of the stylometric analysis do not give an unambiguous answer to the question of its authorship.

scholarly journals INTRODUCTION AND USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN DAIRY ANIMAL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Farit Sitdikov ◽  
Bulat Ziganshin ◽  
Radik Shaydullin ◽  
Anastasiya Moskvicheva
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Promising Development ◽  
Modern Technologies

The use of modern computer technology in animal husbandry without taking into account an experience can lead to unexpected results. From an economic point of view, the introduction and use of innovations in agriculture is not always justified, because of it is necessary to deal with the natural environment, and it is difficult to make predictions for obtaining particular results under such conditions. The article summarizes the experience of using modern computer technologies in dairy farming, considers approaches to improving the technology of milk production in cattle breeding, its innovative potential. Industrial-type enterprises must be modernized with the maximum use of existing facilities and technical equipment, with equipping them with advanced machines, automatic machines and equipment. The use of mechanization and automation should ensure reliable implementation and control of the processes of preparation, transportation and dosing of feed, removal and processing of manure and wastewater, and the creation of an optimal microclimate regardless of the season and climatic zone. The necessity of spreading a loose-line method of keeping cows, milking parlors and automated systems is substantiated. Cow milking should be considered a significant element in the mechanization of technological processes on a livestock farm, and therefore the most promising development of milking systems in automated and computerized installations such as Europarallel, Herringbone, and Carousel. The use of innovative digital developments such as the creation of large databases in dairy farming allows us to more accurately determine the possible results of investments and more efficiently integrate agriculture into society. The development of modern technologies contributes to a more complete realization of the genetic potential of animals and thereby increases the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding

scholarly journals The dangers of controlling memes through copyright law

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Joao Paulo Capelotti
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government

Intertextuality plays a great role in the production and comprehension of various forms of humorous expressions, such as parodies and memes. The latter often rely on previous facts, images, videos, statements etc., to express a certain comic idea. Nowadays, memes and parodic videos are not just made by comedians, but also by ordinary people on social networks, mostly using images, videos and gifs found in search engines like Google. However, attempts at regulating the use of such materials, particularly from the point of view of copyright, threaten the freedom of this sort of humorous expression. The article discusses a case from Brazil in 2017, when the then President Michel Temer tried to stop the unauthorised use of his image in the creation of memes, stating that the pictures in the Presidency’s website were available for journalistic purposes only, and any other use needed the government’s consent. This strange situation, that could give the president the power of approving the satire made at his expense, was itself the subject of various memes, which ultimately forced the government to step back. The article then discusses similar risks of a directive recently approved by the European Parliament, which, under the flag of protecting copyright, may have a controversial chilling effect in the creation of memes and satiric videos.

scholarly journals Genetic Determination as a Source of Cultural Clashes Between Civilizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
D.B. Boterashvili
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Rational Thinking ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Structures

The subject of this study is intercultural contacts and relationships, the point of view that the logic and rational thinking of fundamentalists are very different from the logic of secularists. The author of the article concludes that the differences between the two main civilizations, archaic-fundamentalist-religious and atheistic-secular, determine the creation of different political structures in human society.

scholarly journals A escala e a medida. A criação de ponto de vista em dois poemas de Prosas seguidas de Odes mínimas, de José Paulo Paes

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 592
Author(s):  
Carolina Lindenberg Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
View Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
Minimal Measure

A crítica de José Paulo Paes reconheceu-lhe um caráter minimalista. Este artigo busca na noção de aspecto os instrumentos para a explicitação dessa percepção. Para além da constatação do tamanho dos poemas e versos, o conteúdo também constrói um universo minimalista. Ao imprimir recortes e saliências, o aspecto instaura um sujeito observador: um ponto de vista, que dará a medida diminuta dos objetos convocados. Os recortes da minimalidade aspetual em dois poemas de Prosas seguidas de Odes mínimas se construirão tanto no tempo – campo tradicional do aspecto linguístico – quanto nas categorias de espaço e pessoa. As saliências dos recortes aspectuais ganharão paulatinamente figuras de atenuação e aproximação do sujeito, construindo a chave da leitura minimalista e desencadeando também a leitura metalinguística dos poemas. Além de explicitar os procedimentos do fazer poético de Paes, esta análise traz operacionalidade à noção de aspecto estendida às categorias de pessoa, tempo e espaço.********************************************************************Scale and Measure. On the creation of a view point in two poems of José Paulo Paes'sAbstract: The critics of José Paulo Paes have recognized a minimalist aspect in his work. This paper looks at the notion of aspect as a tool to explain such perception. Beyond the size of poems and verses, the content also builds a minimalist universe. By imprinting boundaries and relief, an observer comes into play: a point of view, that will offer the minimal measure of the objects called forth. The minimal aspect in two poems in Prosas seguidas de Odes mínimas is founded in time – which houses the traditional linguistic aspect – as well as in the categories of space and person. The reliefs created are progressively attenuated and the figures are brought to the scale of the subject, building thus the key to the minimalist reading, and ultimately triggering a meta-linguistic reading of the poems. Finally, and in addition to the exploration of the semiotic procedures underlying the poetics of Paes, our analytic exercise shows how one may operate with the discursive extensions of the notion of aspect to the categories of person, time and space.Keywords: Semiotics; Poetics; Aspect; Discursive categories

TRANSCENDENTAL MATERIALISM OF THE CONCEPT OF THE ESSENCE OF THE THINKING

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Valery G. KODOLA
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Living Thing ◽  
Weakest Link ◽  
Living Things ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation

Philosophy is the creation of the thinking of the thinking being, whose existence needs are not limited to the absorption of other “living things”, but are expanded by striving to contemplate and comprehend the phenomena of signs and other objects interacting with it. In this area of existence, only one “subject of the living” is characterized by an ideological attitude to everything that exists in this area. And this “subject” itself defined its concept as a thinking being. Everything that exists has an insurmountable curtain of mystery, but its most vulnerable component “the living thing” contains an even greater secret. It is on the basis of this object that the signs of a thinking being appear, capable not only to observe the phenomena of the existence of everything that exists, but to comprehend them and to be creative in interaction with an indefinitely large number of signs of changes in the states and properties of other objects in a given area of existence. One of the main tasks of transcendental materialism is an attempt to consider those signs of changes in the states and properties of all that exist, which are hidden from the experience of the thinking being, and which could create conditions for at least a superficial understanding of the “mechanisms” of the existence of the thinking being. The subject matter of the thinking person can be the weakest link in the sequence of more or less distinct ideas about objects of concrete existence from the point of view of transcendental materialism. Because the ideas of the thinking being about the signs of changes in the states and properties of the object of the thinking being are contradictory because they are the least ordered and most specific. This may be due to the fact that the thinking being is afraid of comparing “its own self” with something that can be attributed to the subject of “pure abstraction”. Therefore, the concept of a thinking being cannot be imagined outside the manifestation of specific signs of changes in its states and properties in the experience of sensations and thinking.

A Modified Chair Geometry for Whole Body Counting

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
S. C. Jain ◽  
G. C. Bhola ◽  
A. Nagaratnam ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
The Buddha

SummaryIn the Marinelli chair, a geometry widely used in whole body counting, the lower part of the leg is seen quite inefficiently by the detector. The present paper describes an attempt to modify the standard chair geometry to minimise this limitation. The subject sits crossed-legged in the “Buddha Posture” in the standard chair. Studies with humanoid phantoms and a volunteer sitting in the Buddha posture show that this modification brings marked improvement over the Marinelli chair both from the point of view of sensitivity and uniformity of spatial response.

CAPRICCIOʼS GENRE IN MANDOLIN MUSIC AT THE END OF THE 19th – THE EARLY OF THE 20th CENTURIES (for example of the concert pieces by С. Munier)

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
N. V. Bashmakova ◽  
K. V. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Concert Works ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of this article is process of analyzing in reference to concert capriccio by C. Munier for mandolin with piano («Bizzarria», op. 201, Spanish сapriccio, op. 276) from the point of view of their genre specificity. Methodology. The research is based on the historical approach, which determines the specifics of the genre of Capriccio in the music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in the work of C. Munier; the computational and analytical methods used to identify the peculiarities of the formulation and the performing interpretation of the original concert pianos for mandolins with piano that, according to the genre orientation (according to the composerʼs remarks), are defined as capriccio. Scientific novelty. The creation of Florentine composer,61mandolinist-vertuoso and pedagog C. Munier, which made about 300 compositions, is exponential for represented scientific vector. Concert works by C. Munier for mandolin and piano, created in the capriccio genre, were not yet considered in the art of the outdoors, as the creativity and composer’s style of the famous mandolinist. Conclusions. Thus, appealing to capriccio by С. Munier, which created only two works, embodied in them virtually all the evolutionary stages of the development of genre. In his opus of this genre there are a vocal, inherent in capriccio of the 17th century solo presentation, virtuosity, originality, which were embodied in the works of 17th – 18th centuries and the national color of the 19th century is clearly expressed. Thus, the Spanish capriccio is a kind of «musical encyclopedia» of national dance, which features are characteristic features of bolero, tarantella, habanera, and so forth. The originality of opus number 201 – «Bizzarria», is embodied in the parameters of shaping (expanded cadence of the soloist in the beginning) and emphasized virtuosity, which is realized in a wide register range, a variety of technical elements.

LES AXES DE LA CRÉATION ET LA NAISSANCE DE LʹIMAGINAIRE COMME LANGAGE MYTHIQUE

Trictrac ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Danciu ◽  
Petru Adrian Danciu
Keyword(s):  
Sacred Space ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
Rich Spectrum

The axes of the creation and birth of the imaginary as a mythical language. Our research follows the relationships of the concepts that are taking into account creation on the double axis of verticality and horizontality. We highlight those symbolic elements which would later constitute the mythical language about the sacred space-temporality. Inside this space-temporality a rich spectrum of mythical images develops; images capable of explaining the relationships of the creation plans. Without a religious perception of the temporality, the conceptualization of the axis would remain a philosophical approach. Through our point of view, the two are born simultaneously. Thanks to them, creation can be imagined. The first “frozen” formula of the mystical human spirit can be thought, brought to a palpable reality, expressed in an oral and then a written form. Studied together, temporality (sacred or not) and space are permanently imagined together. For example, a loss of mundane temporality in the secret ecstasy that offers to the soul an ascending direction does not mean getting out of universal temporality, but of its mundane section. In the sacred space the soul relates to time. Even the gods are submitted by the sacred, Aeon sometimes being synonymous to destiny. The universal creator seems to evade every touch, but not consistently, only when he avoids the descent into its created worlds. In sacredness, time and space seem or become confused, both expressing the same reality, by the immediate swing from thinking to deed. The mythical imagery conceives the displacement in the primary space-temporality by the spoken word. So, for something to appear and live, the spoken word is required. Even the divine dream appears as a pre-word of a creator’s thought. The thought follows the spoken word, the spoken word follows the gestures which finally indicate the meanings of the creative act, controlling the rhythm of the creation days. These three will later be adapted through imitation in rite. We are now situated at the limit of the physical world, a real challenge for the mythical imagery. The general feature of the mythical expression on the creation of the material world is the state of the divinity’s exhaustion, most often conceptualized by sacrifice or divine fatigue. The world geography identifies with the anatomy of a self-gutted god. Practically, material creation is most likely the complete revelation of God’s body autopsy. As each body decomposes, everything in it is an illusion. An axial approach of the phenomenon exists in all religious systems. The created element’s origin is exterior, with or without a pre-existing matter, by a god’s sacrifice or only because it has to be that way. This is the starting point of the discussion on the symbolism of axiality as a reason for the constitution of the language of creation, capable of retelling the imaginary construction of myth in an oral and then written form.

Sophie Laws, with Caroline Harper and Rachel Marcus. Research for Development: A Practical Guide. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. 2003. xiii+475 pages. Paperback. Indian Rupees 450.00.

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Workers

To implement any successful policy, research about the subject-matter is essential. Lack of knowledge would result in failure and, from an economic point of view, it would lead to a waste of scarce resources. The book under review is essentially a manual which highlights the use of research for development. The book is divided into two parts. Part One informs the reader about concepts and some theory, and Part Two deals with the issue of undertaking research for development. Both parts have 11 chapters each. Chapter 1 asks the basic question: Is research important in development work? The answer is that it is. Research has many dimensions: from the basic asking of questions to the more sophisticated broad-based analysis of policy issues. The chapter, in short, stresses the usefulness of research which development workers ignore at their own peril.

Effectiveness of Flood Protection Project Valuation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Liziński ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Project Valuation ◽  
The Subject

Projects for flood protection are increasingly the subject of investment projects in the field of water management. This is related to the increasing frequency of worldwide threats caused by extreme weather conditions, including extremely high rainfall causing floods. Technical and nontechnical flood protection measures are also increasing in importance. In the decision-making process, it is necessary to take into account both the costs and benefits of avoiding losses, including an analysis of social benefits, whose valuation of non-market goods is an essential element. A comprehensive account of projects in the field of flood protection based on the estimated costs and benefits of the investment allows the economic efficiency from a general social point of view to be determined. Previous evaluations of the effectiveness of investment projects have mainly taken into account only categories and market values. The aim of the article is to identify the possibilities to expand the values of non-market assessments and categories formulated on the basis of the theoretical economics of the environment. 

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