scholarly journals Avicennian reсeption of Aristotle’s philosophical psychology: the definition of the soul

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-986
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Efremova
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Psychology ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Definition Of

In the encyclopedic treatise, the ash-Shifā’ (“The Healing”), the most prominent philosopher of classical Islam Ibn Sina (Avicenna) (980–1037) has substantially revised the Aristotelian teaching about the soul. In the first instance, this revision is  evident in terms of orientation to a strictly apodictic epistemology and to a synthesis of the Aristotelian teaching with Islamic monotheism. Following this second trend,  Ibn Sina supplies the psychology with new dimensions – cosmological, angelological,  prophetological and eschatological (more precisely, soteriological). The first book of  the “Psychology” (an-Nafs) mainly deals with the notion of the soul. Ibn Sina comments  on the traditional peripatetic definition of the soul with relation to the doctrine of the  souls of the celestial spheres. In this context is highlighted the operational rather than  the essential nature of this qualification and is also given its other modification. While  analyzing the three classical characteristics of the soul (i.e. “potency”, “form” and “entelechy” – the realization of potentia), the philosopher justifies the “entelechy” as the  most adequate term for it.

scholarly journals Ibn Sina On The Role Of Reasoning Forms In Achieving The Truth

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Oysafar Umarovna Majidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Definition Of

In this article, Ibn Sina's logical views, in particular his ideas on forms of thinking, are discussed in the context of the process of achieving truth. At the same time, it is revealed on the basis of Ibn Sina's logical views that such forms of thinking as perception, judgment, and inference are important elements in the process of achieving truth. That is, while the definition of a concept is a necessary element in the process of achieving truth, considerations are revealed, in particular, complex considerations and conclusions based on an analysis of Ibn Sina’s works on logic. Importantly, it is logical that Ibn Sina’s conception of truth as a final stage in the conclusion that reasoning is a form of thinking is logical.

From Sense Perception to the Vision of God: a Path towards Knowledge according to the Ihwān al-Safā'

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Baffioni
Keyword(s):  
Sense Perception ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Vision Of God ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rational Knowledge

The aim of this paper is to identify the position the ru'yat Allāh holds within the curriculum of sciences described by the Iḫwān al-Ṣafa'. Their concept of knowledge is first clarified. The Ihwan use the terminology of rational knowledge to describe items of faith too. But faith is only an introduction to a greater knowledge. Now: is the supreme knowledge to be considered as speculative and theoretical, or are the ḫawciṣṣ, the only ones entitled to the vision of God, eventually obliged to rely on a kind of divine “revelation” or “inspiration”? If the “vision of God” appears beyond any possible connotation of knowledge in “rational” terms, it is unclear, however, whether the Ihwan use the concepts of “revelation” and “inspiration” as a way of explaining in a theological terminology the utmost degree of human knowledge (perhaps according to the same analogical function waḥy and ilhām appear to have in Ibn Sīnā). Moreover, the qualities and moral dispositions attributed to the “Friends of God” remind us of Sufi doctrines. Consequently, the question of the relation between Sufism and imāmite theories could be re-opened: the Iḫwānian definition of the “science of the transcendent” shows that the gnoseological itinerary is not concluded even with the “vision of God.”

scholarly journals HAPPINESS A QURANIC PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 334-346
Author(s):  
Doaa Abdulkareem ABDULLAH ◽  
Nesaif Jassim Mohammed AL-KHAFAJI
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Wise Person ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relative Concept

In this study, we will study the concept of happiness, a view of happiness from the point of view of famous psychologists and philosophers, and combining Islamic thought with philosophy. This study is a basic research the different debates on the concept of happiness in the Quran. And we discuss in this article tools of happiness in life. Happiness in the hereafter, or everlasting felicity, is the ultimate goal of the believer. Although happiness is a very relative concept, it is generally the feeling that occurs when people are satisfied with the material and spiritual states, they are in. The greatest blessing bestowed upon mankind is within us and within our reach. A wise person knows how to be happy with what he has no matter what, rather than wishing what he does not have. It is a state of coinciding with what happens and what they want. All normal people desire happiness and want their happiness to be permanent. Anyone who sees that this world cannot satisfy their desire for happiness understands that this desire cannot be satisfied without God. Sometimes even love and compassion can make one feel happy. The research dealt with the names of the happiness in the Quran with their semantic aspects, then we restricted these names, and these were placed alphabetically in the letters that indicate how many times they appeared in the Quran. Later it was divided into semantic groups and analyzed within these groups, this analysis focuses on the presentation of the lexical concept and semantic content for each. In fact, the subject was also discussed within the rational framework. happiness does have a pretty important role in our lives, and it can have a huge impact on the way we live our lives. The first part of the present study focuses on how ethics philosophers explain an interpret happiness and whether it is possible to reach real happiness. In the second part, the virtues that ethics philosophers view as the fundamental elements in attaining happiness. Also, this section examines the definition of virtue, virtue types, sub-virtues, and the characteristics of virtuous acts. Consequently, this study disclosed that ancient and medieaval philosophers regarded the pursuit of happiness as a fundamental goal in one‟s life, and that these philosophers agreed that this goal could be accomplished by leading a virtuous life ‎. Keywords: Quran, Translation of The Qur’an, Sura index, Happiness, Platon, ibn Sina, Al-Farab

Discovering the Senate's Fundamental Nature: Moving beyond the Supreme Court's 2014 Opinion

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-555
Author(s):  
Gary William O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn the 2014 reference, the Supreme Court sought to discover the Senate's “essential nature” in order to determine what reforms parliament could legislate unilaterally. Making use of a classification model found in comparative and historical studies, the Court concluded that the Senate was a “complementary legislative body of sober second thought.” This article re-examines the Court's narrow definition of the Senate's perceived role and presents evidence that its essential characteristics are direct continuations of various pre-Confederation design principles. Limiting a description of its architecture to a single model that eclipses all other roles the Senate may play shifts the debate on Senate reform, which in the recent past has laid emphasis on resolving the conflict among the models embedded in the upper chamber's essential characteristics. The article concludes by reviewing previous constitutional initiatives that aimed at bringing those models more in tune with modern Canada and by making suggestions about how reform proposals could better succeed.

What is a mistake?

Legal Studies ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Topical Issue ◽  
The Real ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of

This article seeks to examine the question of what the essential nature and definition of a mistake is. It examines whether it can be properly distinguished from ignorance. The article then seeks to examine the requirement of provability, first in the context of mistakes of fact and then in that of mistakes of law. A Dworkinian approach is taken, arguing that it is possible to be mistaken as to the law. The article then shows why an opinion or misprediction cannot be seen as a mistake, before turning to the topical issue of the manner of the recent removal of the mistake of law bar. Using Dworkin's analysis it will be suggested that where a case is overruled it can be said to have been u mistake to rely on it. The article also argues that Birks’ analysis of the question is flawed, in that he fails to see the real distinction between a mistake and a misprediction.

scholarly journals The experience of Avicenna and possibility to improve the diabetes treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Mizhgona U Sharofova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This article provides an analysis of research on the impact of modern antidiabetic drugs on the patients and possible ways to improve the treatment of diabetes, based on the experience of Avicenna’s medicine. More and more doctors today practice complementary medicine, combining traditional techniques with non-traditional treatments, including herbal medicine. Studying of various side effects of hypoglycemic drugs showed that most of synthetic means cause numerous complications. Modern medicine is faced with the need to develop new approaches to diabetes treatment and medicines that help to achieve stable metabolic conditions and ensure the safety of medicines. A huge contribution to the study of diabetes has made Abu Ali ibn Sina, who cured the disease, based on the definition of “mizadzh” (nature) of human and drugs prescribed for its correction. There are many etiological factors contributing to insulin resistance and pre-diabetes and they often are interrelated. Based on the Avicenna’s theory of diabetogenezis, we subdivided prediabetes on prepankreatic and pancreatic stages. The onset of prediabetes Avicenna linked with impaired renal, liver and internal environment’s function of the body, which are based on acidosis, eventually contributing to the emergence of pre-diabetes and insulin resistance. Ibn Sina believed that the increased consumption of acidic foods causes a change of the “mizadzh” of the human body in a “cold” (sour, atsidic) diabetogenic side. Modern science has proved that the basis for the development of diabetes is a pH shift toward acidosis. Our studies have shown that the basis of Avicenna’s antidiabetic means comprise alkalizing agents of natural origin. On this basis, herbal medicine is an effective supplement to the officially accepted treatment methods based on the principles of evidence.

Introductory paper

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
W. W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Line Intensity ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Dimensional Array ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
Metallic Line ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Parameter Varying ◽  
Definition Of

1. The definition of “normal” stars in spectral classification changes with time; at the time of the publication of theYerkes Spectral Atlasthe term “normal” was applied to stars whose spectra could be fitted smoothly into a two-dimensional array. Thus, at that time, weak-lined spectra (RR Lyrae and HD 140283) would have been considered peculiar. At the present time we would tend to classify such spectra as “normal”—in a more complicated classification scheme which would have a parameter varying with metallic-line intensity within a specific spectral subdivision.

2.2. Working Group 2: Conceptual Definitions of Reference Coordinate Systems for Earth Dynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Working Group ◽  
General Character ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Reference Coordinate System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Earth Dynamics

An ideal definition of a reference coordinate system should meet the following general requirements:1. It should be as conceptually simple as possible, so its philosophy is well understood by the users.2. It should imply as few physical assumptions as possible. Wherever they are necessary, such assumptions should be of a very general character and, in particular, they should not be dependent upon astronomical and geophysical detailed theories.3. It should suggest a materialization that is dynamically stable and is accessible to observations with the required accuracy.

Symbiotic Stars at Optical, Infrared and Radio Wavelengths

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 125-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Type Star ◽  
Stellar Systems ◽  
Symbiotic Stars ◽  
Lower Excitation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Original Type

No paper of this nature should begin without a definition of symbiotic stars. It was Paul Merrill who, borrowing on his botanical background, coined the termsymbioticto describe apparently single stellar systems which combine the TiO absorption of M giants (temperature regime ≲ 3500 K) with He II emission (temperature regime ≳ 100,000 K). He and Milton Humason had in 1932 first drawn attention to three such stars: AX Per, CI Cyg and RW Hya. At the conclusion of the Mount Wilson Ha emission survey nearly a dozen had been identified, and Z And had become their type star. The numbers slowly grew, as much because the definition widened to include lower-excitation specimens as because new examples of the original type were found. In 1970 Wackerling listed 30; this was the last compendium of symbiotic stars published.

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