scholarly journals Symptoms Analysis of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in Adolescents and Adults in a Teaching Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (194) ◽  
pp. 780-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Kumar Goit ◽  
Shree Ram Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder has a broadly diverse clinical expression that reflects heterogeneity. Several studies have identified consistent symptom dimensions of obsessivecompulsive disorder. The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory symptoms analysis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adolescents and adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, National Medical College. This study examined lifetime occurrence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms included in the 13 symptom categories of the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Symptoms analysis was performed on 60 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eight categories of obsessions and six categories of compulsions from Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale were included in the analyses. SPSS software package (version 16) was used to analyze the data and shown in the table. Results: Of 60 adolescents and adults, female and male were in the ratio of 1.2:1. Contamination was the most common occurring obsession followed by aggressive obsession. The most common occurring compulsion was checking followed by washing. Only a minority of patients (13.33%) presented predominantly with obsessions however 18.33% patients presented predominantly with compulsions. Certain obsessions and compulsions co-occur to form a cluster. Conclusions: In adolescents and adults, obsessive-compulsive disorder is a multidimensional disorder. Symptom dimensions are predominantly congruent with those described in similar studies of adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Keywords: compulsion; obsession; obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The suicidality continuum in a large sample of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Velloso ◽  
C. Piccinato ◽  
Y. Ferrão ◽  
E. Aliende Perin ◽  
R. Cesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Dsm Iv

AbstractBackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has a chronic course leading to huge impact in the patient’s functioning. Suicidal thoughts and attempts are much more frequent in OCD subjects than once thought before.AimTo empirically investigate whether the suicidal phenomena could be analyzed as a suicidality severity continuum and its association with obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptom dimensions and quality of life (QoL), in a large OCD sample.MethodsCross-sectional study with 548 patients diagnosed with OCD according to the DSM-IV criteria, interviewed in the Brazilian OCD Consortium (C-TOC) sites. Patients were evaluated by OCD experts using standardized instruments including: Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (YBOCS); Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (DYBOCS); Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories; Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID); and the SF-36 QoL Health Survey.ResultsThere were extremely high correlations between all the suicidal phenomena. OCD patients with suicidality had significantly lower QoL, higher severity in the “sexual/religious”, “aggression” and “symmetry/ordering” OC symptom dimensions, higher BDI and BA scores and a higher frequency of suicide attempts in a family member. In the regression analysis, the factors that most impacted suicidality were the sexual dimension severity, the SF-36 QoL Mental Health domain, the severity of depressive symptoms and a relative with an attempted suicide history.ConclusionsSuicidality could be analyzed as a severity continuum and patients should be carefully monitored since they present with suicidal ideation. Lower QoL scores, higher scores on the sexual dimension and a family history of suicide attempts should be considered as risk factors for suicidality among OCD patients.

scholarly journals Symmetry Dimension in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Prevalence, Severity and Clinical Correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Aline P. Vellozo ◽  
Leonardo F. Fontenelle ◽  
Ricardo C. Torresan ◽  
Roseli G. Shavitt ◽  
Ygor A. Ferrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Axis I

Background: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a very heterogeneous condition that frequently includes symptoms of the “symmetry dimension” (i.e., obsessions and/or compulsions of symmetry, ordering, repetition, and counting), along with aggressive, sexual/religious, contamination/cleaning, and hoarding dimensions. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, severity, and demographic and clinical correlates of the symmetry dimension among 1001 outpatients from the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. The main assessment instruments used were the Dimensional Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, the USP-Sensory Phenomena Scale, the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, the Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale, and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests, Student’s t-tests, and Mann–Whitney tests were used in the bivariate analyses to compare patients with and without symptoms of the symmetry dimension. Odds ratios (ORs) with confidence intervals and Cohen’s D were also calculated as effect size measures. Finally, a logistic regression was performed to control for confounders. Results: The symmetry dimension was highly prevalent (86.8%) in this large clinical sample and, in the logistic regression, it remained associated with earlier onset of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, insidious onset of compulsions, more severe depressive symptoms, and presence of sensory phenomena. Conclusions: A deeper knowledge about specific OCD dimensions is essential for a better understanding and management of this complex and multifaceted disorder.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of internalised stigma and medication adherence in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. e100180
Author(s):  
Eram Ansari ◽  
Sudha Mishra ◽  
Adarsh Tripathi ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
Pronob Kumar Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Current Medication

BackgroundPatients suffering from psychiatric disorders tend to stigmatise themselves which had been linked to poor adherence to treatment.AimsThe aim of the present study was to study internalised stigma and medication adherence and to assess the relationship between them in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 112 patients diagnosed with OCD who were attending the Out-patient's department at Department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care hospital in North India. Internalised stigma and current medication adherence were assessed with Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) and Medication Adherence Rating Scale, respectively. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was used to assess the current severity of OCD symptoms. Sociodemographic and clinical details were also obtained from the patients by using a semistructured sociodemographic proforma.ResultsMost of the patients reported moderate level of internalised stigma with a mean ISMI score of 77.98 (10.82). Most of the patients were compliant while 41.96% reported poor medication adherence. Internalised stigma was negatively correlated with the current medication adherence. Current severity of OCD symptoms also showed a significant positive correlation with internalised stigma and a significant negative correlation with medication adherence.ConclusionHigh levels of internalised stigma were associated with lower adherence to treatment which suggests that internalised stigma may be a very important factor influencing medication adherence in patients with OCD.

Low hair cortisol concentrations in obsessive compulsive disorder: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Elli Koumantarou Malisiova ◽  
Iraklis Mourikis ◽  
Thodoris Chalimourdas ◽  
Nikolaos Nianiakas ◽  
Maria Michou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Amygdala activation and symptom dimensions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Via ◽  
Narcís Cardoner ◽  
Jesús Pujol ◽  
Pino Alonso ◽  
Marina López-Solà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Face

BackgroundDespite knowledge of amygdala involvement in fear and anxiety, its contribution to the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) remains controversial. In the context of neuroimaging studies, it seems likely that the heterogeneity of the disorder might have contributed to a lack of consistent findings.AimsTo assess the influence of OCD symptom dimensions on amygdala responses to a well-validated emotional face-matching paradigm.MethodCross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of 67 patients with OCD and 67 age-, gender- and education-level matched healthy controls.ResultsThe severity of aggression/checking and sexual/religious symptom dimensions were significantly associated with heightened amygdala activation in those with OCD when responding to fearful faces, whereas no such correlations were seen for other symptom dimensions.ConclusionsAmygdala functional alterations in OCD appear to be specifically modulated by symptom dimensions whose origins may be more closely linked to putative amygdala-centric processes, such as abnormal fear processing.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of sociodemographic profile, disability and family burden in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4530
Author(s):  
Rajmal Meena ◽  
Mithlesh Khinchi ◽  
Omesh K. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Disability Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Burden ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity Scale ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Mental Acts

Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions (intrusive and unwanted repetitive thoughts, urges, or impulses that often lead to a marked increase in anxiety or distress) and/ or compulsions (repeated behaviours or mental acts that are done in response to obsessions). OCD patients report general impairment in their functioning and family burden. They also suffer from disability in several areas of daily life.Methods: This study has a cross-sectional design, and author included total 200 consecutive selected OCD patients diagnosed according to International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10.Results: Most of respondent included in this study were married male (74%), belonged to Hindu religion and urban background (68%) with mean age of 33 year (SD=9.91), 88% subjects were found to be employed in this study, educated middle standard and above. In this study, maximum disability was noted in domains of work (mean score 1.10) and communication and understanding (mean score 0.70), the impairment in interpersonal activity was lesser (mean score 0.34). The domain in which the maximum burden was found among family members is disruption of routine/ family activities overall (52%).Conclusions: The study aimed at assessing the burden in families and disability in subjects having OCD. Subjects were of either sex having age 16 and above. All subjects were assessed using following structured clinical instruments, Yale-brown symptom check list, Yale-brown obsessive-compulsive symptom severity scale, family burden interview, and Indian disability evaluation and assessment scale. 

scholarly journals Does clozapine cause or worsen obsessive compulsive symptoms? An analysis and literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Bleakley ◽  
David Brown ◽  
David Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clozapine Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Common

Background: Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic in treatment-resistant schizophrenia but its use portends with a high burden of adverse reactions. One adverse event reported both in case reports and cross-sectional surveys is the emergence or worsening of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS). Objectives: This study presents a retrospective review of a UK cohort of clozapine-treated individuals with the aim to further investigate the complex relationship between clozapine and OCS. Methods: An extensive review of the medical records of 49 patients receiving clozapine in the Southampton area was undertaken. We searched for a diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder, signs or symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder or the prescribing of selected antidepressants the year before clozapine initiation and the year after. Results: Fifteen patients (31%) had reports of OCS during the 2-year data collection period. Twelve patients (24%) had OCS before clozapine initiation while only 7 (14%) had symptoms after clozapine was initiated. De novo OCS were reported in three (6%) cases after 5–9 months of clozapine treatment. Conclusions: As with previous studies it was not possible to establish a definitive link between clozapine and OCS. Clinicians should be mindful of the common comorbidity of OCS and schizophrenia and the possible increased risk incurred when starting clozapine.

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