scholarly journals An Overview of Drug Effects on Bone Healing on Animal Research Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 978-988
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hoai Nam ◽  
Naruepon Kampa
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Affect Bone Healing

Bone fracture is a common health problem in humans and animals, and the healing of the bone fracture is a complicated process. Several drugs may be used concurrently with the treatment of fractures, but they may interfere with the healing process of the bone. The present research reviewed previously published studies with the objective to enhance the understandings of the effects of different drugs on bone healing. There is clear evidence that antibiotics, corticosteroids, non-steroidal inflammatory drugs, and chemotherapeutic drugs all affect bone healing. By contrast, the effect of anticoagulants on bone healing is controversial, so more research is needed to determine its efficacy. In addition, there is no direct evidence to approve the effect of anesthetics on bone healing, so this is another area in need of further research.

Deformation Analysis of Internal Fixation Plate on Femur Bone Fracture: A Study Case on Local Raw

2020 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Achmad Syaifudin ◽  
Djoko Kuswanto ◽  
Teguh Hari Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Implant Material ◽  
Fixation Plate

In the case of femur bone fracture, internal fixation is usually applied for the treatment due to the convenience and amenities of follow-up care. Due to a high demand for internal fixation implants in Indonesia, causing Pelopor Teknologi Implantindo Inc. (PTI Inc., Mojokerto - Indonesia) produces conventional implant material made from annealed local raw material of 316L stainless steel, with a yield strength of 317 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 580 MPa. Compared to implant material in ASTM F138, it has a little higher value of both yield and ultimate tensile strength. To determine the effects of material type, normal stresses will be used to evaluate the fractured bone, while von Mises stresses will be used to analyze the strength of fixation plate. Besides, influence of material variation to the bone healing process is also discussed. Transversal-type fracture is chosen for fracture modeling of femoral shaft. The loading is taken from body weight of Asians, which is applied at femur head. The simulation result indicates that in the case of conventional fixation plate, there is no significant influence on the bone healing caused by different material type.

scholarly journals Influence of high-frequency cyclical stimulation on the bone fracture-healing process: mathematical and experimental models

2011 ◽  
Vol 369 (1954) ◽  
pp. 4278-4294 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Gómez-Benito ◽  
Libardo Andrés González-Torres ◽  
Esther Reina-Romo ◽  
Jorge Grasa ◽  
Belén Seral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Healing Process ◽  
Low Magnitude

Mechanical stimulation affects the evolution of healthy and fractured bone. However, the effect of applying cyclical mechanical stimuli on bone healing has not yet been fully clarified. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of a high-frequency and low-magnitude cyclical displacement of the fractured fragments on the bone-healing process. This subject is studied experimentally and computationally for a sheep long bone. On the one hand, the mathematical computational study indicates that mechanical stimulation at high frequencies can stimulate and accelerate the process of chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification and consequently the bony union of the fracture. This is probably achieved by the interstitial fluid flow, which can move nutrients and waste from one place to another in the callus. This movement of fluid modifies the mechanical stimulus on the cells attached to the extracellular matrix. On the other hand, the experimental study was carried out using two sheep groups. In the first group, static fixators were implanted, while, in the second one, identical devices were used, but with an additional vibrator. This vibrator allowed a cyclic displacement with low magnitude and high frequency (LMHF) to be applied to the fractured zone every day; the frequency of stimulation was chosen from mechano-biological model predictions. Analysing the results obtained for the control and stimulated groups, we observed improvements in the bone-healing process in the stimulated group. Therefore, in this study, we show the potential of computer mechano-biological models to guide and define better mechanical conditions for experiments in order to improve bone fracture healing. In fact, both experimental and computational studies indicated improvements in the healing process in the LMHF mechanically stimulated fractures. In both studies, these improvements could be associated with the promotion of endochondral ossification and an increase in the rate of cell proliferation and tissue synthesis.

scholarly journals Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Bone Healing in Animal Models – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Al-Waeli ◽  
Ana Paula Reboucas ◽  
Alaa Mansour ◽  
Martin Morris ◽  
Faleh Tamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) have excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and are extensively used to treat post-traumatic or surgical musculoskeletal pain. Although an extensive literature exists on the administration of NSAID on animal bone healing, no systematic review and meta-analysis have yet been conducted to on the subject. Such work is important as it can identify the key histomorphometric and biomechanics characteristics during the process of fracture healing and provide comparative information regarding different factors that may affect this process after NSAID administration.Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies to estimate the effect of NSAID administration after bone fracture on healing outcomes. We searched eight databases without limiting the search to starting date up to August 1, 2017 for articles on fractured bone healing in animal models in which NSAID were administered.Results: Out of 5,818 articles screened, 45 were included and three common bone healing outcomes were analysed: biomechanical properties (maximum force to break, stiffness, and work-to-failure), micro-computed tomography (µ-CT), and histomorphometric measurements. The studies were generally of low-quality scores because crucial information, especially concerningrandomization, blinding, and allocation concealment, was poorly reported. Our results show that the negative effects of NSAID after bone fracture on certain biomechanical properties of the healing bones was not statistically significant in mice compared with other animals, in females compared with males, and in younger compared with older animals.Conclusion: The findings suggest that NSAID should be administered with caution in patients with bone fractures or in those who undergo certain orthopedic surgical procedures until prospective human clinical studies can be conducted.Systematic review registration: the protocol published and registered in SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) in 2017, https://www.radboudumc.nl/getmedia/757ec408-7a9e-4635-8233-ae951effea54/Non-Steroidal-Anti-inflammatory-Drugs-and-bone-healing-in-animal-Models-Systematic-Review-and-Meta-Analysis.aspx

scholarly journals Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and bone healing in animal models—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Al-Waeli ◽  
Ana Paula Reboucas ◽  
Alaa Mansour ◽  
Martin Morris ◽  
Faleh Tamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Abstract Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) have excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and are extensively used to treat post-traumatic or surgical musculoskeletal pain. Although an extensive literature exists on the administration of NSAID on animal bone healing, no systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies that investigate the effect of NSAID administration on bone fracture healing. Objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect of NSAIDs administration on bone healing biomechanical and histomorphometric measurements in different animal models after bone fracture surgery. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies to estimate the effect of NSAID administration after bone fracture on healing outcomes. We searched eight databases without limiting the search to starting date up to 1 February 2021 for articles on fractured bone healing in animal models in which NSAID were administered. Results Out of 6732 articles screened, 47 were included and 3 common bone healing outcomes were analysed: biomechanical properties (maximum force to break, stiffness, and work-to-failure), micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), and histomorphometric measurements. The studies were generally of low-quality scores because crucial information, especially concerning randomization, blinding, and allocation concealment, was poorly reported. Our results show that the negative effects of NSAID after bone fracture on certain biomechanical properties of the healing bones was not statistically significant in mice compared with other animals, in females compared with males, and in younger compared with older animals. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that NSAIDs administration decreased the biomechanical properties of healing bones after fracture surgery in comparison to the control group. Moreover, different effect on certain outcomes was detected among different sites, sex of the animals, and the time of assessment. Trial registration Protocol published and registered in SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) in 2017, https://www.radboudumc.nl/getmedia/757ec408-7a9e-4635-8233-ae951effea54/Non-Steroidal-Anti-inflammatory-Drugs-and-bone-healing-in-animal-Models-Systematic-Review-and-Meta-Analysis.aspx

Comparison of bone wax and chitosan usage on post-sternotomy bone healing

2020 ◽  
pp. 021849232098409
Author(s):  
Ihsanul Amal ◽  
Heroe Soebroto ◽  
Puruhito
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Affect Bone Healing ◽  
Chitosan Powder

Background Sternotomy is a standard approach performed in almost every surgical procedure on the heart and mediastinum. Effective hemostasis of the sternum is required to keep the operative field dry, avoid excessive blood transfusions during surgery, and prevent reoperation due to massive postoperative bleeding, which can further increase morbidity and mortality in patients. Bone wax is a mechanical hemostat commonly used after sternotomy and has been known to affect bone healing, trigger chronic inflammatory reactions, and increase the rate of infection. The application of chitosan, which has intrinsic hemostat ability, as hemostatic material is believed to improve bone healing following sternotomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of bone wax and chitosan on bone healing after sternotomy. Methods Median sternotomies were performed on 2 groups of New Zealand White rabbits. Each group of 16 animals received either bone wax or chitosan powder as hemostatic material. The degree of bone healing, the number of foreign-body giant cells, and the number of osteoblasts were evaluated after 6 weeks. Results Radiographs showed that significantly more animals in the chitosan group had total sternal healing ( p = 0.033). Histopathology revealed that the number of foreign-body giant cells was significantly less ( p = 0.036) and the number of osteoblasts was significantly greater ( p < 0.0001) in the group of animals that received chitosan. Conclusion The use of chitosan as hemostatic material can promote better bone healing compared to bone wax.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effects of spaceflight and local administration of thrombopoietin to a femoral defect injury on distal skeletal sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Zamarioli ◽  
Zachery R. Campbell ◽  
Kevin A. Maupin ◽  
Paul J. Childress ◽  
Joao P. B. Ximenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Space Flight ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Femoral Defect ◽  
Healing Agent

AbstractWith increased human presence in space, bone loss and fractures will occur. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a recently patented bone healing agent. Here, we investigated the systemic effects of TPO on mice subjected to spaceflight and sustaining a bone fracture. Forty, 9-week-old, male, C57BL/6 J were divided into 4 groups: (1) Saline+Earth; (2) TPO + Earth; (3) Saline+Flight; and (4) TPO + Flight (n = 10/group). Saline- and TPO-treated mice underwent a femoral defect surgery, and 20 mice were housed in space (“Flight”) and 20 mice on Earth for approximately 4 weeks. With the exception of the calvarium and incisor, positive changes were observed in TPO-treated, spaceflight bones, suggesting TPO may improve osteogenesis in the absence of mechanical loading. Thus, TPO, may serve as a new bone healing agent, and may also improve some skeletal properties of astronauts, which might be extrapolated for patients on Earth with restraint mobilization and/or are incapable of bearing weight on their bones.

Ultrasonic Diagnosis for Bone Fracture Healing Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kimura ◽  
Keisuke Oe ◽  
Yohei Kumabe ◽  
Tomoaki Fukui ◽  
Takahiro Niikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Fracture Healing

scholarly journals Can Optimizing the Mechanical Environment Deliver a Clinically Significant Reduction in Fracture Healing Time?

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Jan Barcik ◽  
Devakara R. Epari
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the local mechanical environment in the fracture gap on the bone healing process has been extensively investigated. Whilst it is widely accepted that mechanical stimulation is integral to callus formation and secondary bone healing, treatment strategies that aim to harness that potential are rare. In fact, the current clinical practice with an initially partial or non-weight-bearing approach appears to contradict the findings from animal experiments that early mechanical stimulation is critical. Therefore, we posed the question as to whether optimizing the mechanical environment over the course of healing can deliver a clinically significant reduction in fracture healing time. In reviewing the evidence from pre-clinical studies that investigate the influence of mechanics on bone healing, we formulate a hypothesis for the stimulation protocol which has the potential to shorten healing time. The protocol involves confining stimulation predominantly to the proliferative phase of healing and including adequate rest periods between applications of stimulation.

scholarly journals Bone Regeneration Assessment of Polycaprolactone Membrane on Critical-Size Defects in Rat Calvaria

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Farnezi Bassi ◽  
Vinícius Ferreira Bizelli ◽  
Tamires Mello Francatti ◽  
Ana Carulina Rezende de Moares Ferreira ◽  
Járede Carvalho Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Rat Calvaria

Biomaterials for use in guided bone regeneration (GBR) are constantly being investigated and developed to improve clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the biological performance of different membranes during the bone healing process of 8 mm critical defects in rat calvaria in order to assess their influence on the quality of the newly formed bone. Seventy-two adult male rats were divided into three experimental groups (n = 24) based on the membranes used: the CG—membrane-free control group (only blood clot, negative control), BG—porcine collagen membrane group (Bio-Guide®, positive control), and the PCL—polycaprolactone (enriched with 5% hydroxyapatite) membrane group (experimental group). Histological and histometric analyses were performed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days postoperatively. The quantitative data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). At 7 and 15 days, the inflammatory responses in the BG and PCL groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). The PCL group, at 15 days, showed a large area of newly formed bone. At 30 and 60 days postoperatively, the PCL and BG groups exhibited similar bone healing, including some specimens showing complete closure of the critical defect (p = 0.799). Thus, the PCL membrane was biocompatible, and has the potential to help with GBR procedures.

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