Динамическая коррекция чувствительности дефектоскопических каналов при высокоскоростном контроле рельсов
The article is aimed at increasing the reliability of high-speed ultrasonic monitoring of long-dimensional objects, in particular, railway rails. The technical documentation for the control does not take into account the features of high-speed rail monitoring, is focused on compliance with the initially set parameters and cannot provide the required reliability of defect detection. The factors that manifest themselves at high scanning speeds and negatively affect the quality of control are considered. Most of these factors cannot be quantified and accounted for in order to adjust the control parameters. An estimate of the number of undetected defects was made when working according to current documents. To ensure reliable control at high speeds, it is proposed to evaluate the current sensitivity of the control using signals from standard design reflectors of the controlled object. As such reflectors, when monitoring rails, it is proposed to use standard holes in the area of bolted joints that are regularly encountered along the scanning path. An expression is obtained for determining the value of the correction of the control sensitivity depending on the scanning speed and the measured size of the signals from the holes. An algorithm for dynamic adjustment of the parameters (sensitivity) of the control is proposed, which increases the reliability of detecting defects in high-speed scanning conditions.