The Russian Ambassador in Turkey A.P. Butenev

2021 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Elena Kudriavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Ministry ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Apollinary Petrovich Butenev was at the head of the Russian embassy in Constantinople from 1830 till 1843. These were the years of the most stable Turkish-Russian relations in the first half of the 19th century. As the envoy to Constantinople, A. Butenev was one of the most significant Russian representatives abroad, while the position in Constantinople was one of the most important postings in the Russian Foreign Ministry service since the city was a kind of international political centre that had a huge impact on the life of the whole of Europe. A. Butenev’s diplomatic endeavours never generated a lot of interest among Russian historians, even though many scholars thoroughly analyzed the period of the Russian-Turkish relations during his service in Constantinople multiple times. The 1830s and 1840s are marked by several important events in foreign policy in which the Russian envoy was directly involved. First of all, А. Butenev played a decisive role in the drafting of the Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi that was signed in 1833. The Bosphorus expedition of 1833 was a unique military and political operation of its time, unparalleled in the history of Russian diplomacy. Usually, the success of the expedition is associated with the names of A.F. Orlov and N.N. Muravyov, while the chance to conclude this treaty that was extremely beneficial for Russia belongs to A. Butenev. This is indicated by numerous internal memoranda and reports he sent to St. Petersburg. With his experience in diplomatic affairs, political weight in the international circles, and the ability to make independent decisions, Apollinary Petrovich Butenev adequately and successfully represented the interests of his homeland in the crucial period when the Russian Empire formulated and implemented its concept of the Eastern policy.

scholarly journals The influence of the Italian vocal school on the professional formation of Ukrainian singers (the end of the XVIII – the beginning of the XIX century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Maryna Rossikhina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
New Era ◽  
Italian Opera ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Opera Singers ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of the article is to study the influences of the Italian vocal school, the traditions of Italian opera performance on the professional development of Ukrainian singers in this period. Methodology. Analysis was carried out on the basis of such methods as historical and chronological to study trends and patterns of Ukrainian music at the end of the 17th – the beginning of the 19th century, analytical – for a comprehensive consideration of the influence of Italian culture on the emergence of opera in East Slavic areas, source – for elaboration and analysis of sources, bio-bibliographic – for studying creative biographies of artists, the method of systematization – for the reduction of all found facts to a logical unity. Scientific novelty. By studying the creative biographies of prominent Ukrainian musicians (M.Berezovsky, D.Bortnyansky, M.Ivanov, S.Gulak-Artemovsky) for the first time the Italian pages of their creative biography were systematized, new facts were introduced into scientific circulation, which allow to clarify the contribution of Italian vocal culture in the development of the Ukrainian opera school at the initial stage of its formation. Conclusions. The interest of the Russian Empire in Western European, especially Italian, opera led to the rapid development of a new era in the history of musical theater in the East Slavic territories. Internships of Ukrainian musicians in Italy, invitations of Italian artists, composers, vocal teachers to the Russian Empire, joint performances on stage with foreign singers give grounds to assert the influence of the Italian vocal school on the skills of Ukrainian opera singers of the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 19th century and laying of the fundamental foundations for the development of the Ukrainian vocal school.

scholarly journals Próby uobecniania tradycji w gdańskiej architekturze lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku

Porta Aurea ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 244-268
Author(s):  
Dominika Piluk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Communist System ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Tradition ◽  
Architectural Tradition ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Gdansk architecture of last decade of 20th century by all means tried to reconnect to the Gdansk architectural tradition, especially the glorified 19th-century German/ Gdańsk Renaissance. The essay aims to present a preliminary analysis of the phenomenon strongly present in the Gdańsk architectural discussion in the nineties: the phenomenon of reconstruction. The city’s architectural achievements of the 19th-century were reinterpreted. Moreover, not only did architects in democratic Poland have to face a new economic situation, but also the need to emphasize the departure from the visual form imposed by the communist system, which, particularly in Gdańsk, took a form of historicism. The complex history of the city, preserved in its architecture, had a huge impact on the aesthetics of buildings designed during the transformation period. Tis thorough introduction is aimed to show commitment to the great tradition of the harbour city, which often resulted in neglecting innovations and modern architectural standards, these forced by the diffcult times of the economic change, as well as the concept of the city’s identity. The article focuses on the examples of buildings erected after 1989, as well as the public opinion debate, which jointly attempted to emphasise the mythical greatness of old Gdańsk.

scholarly journals Novomoskovsk in the Court Materials of the Last Quarter of the 18th and the First Half of the 19th Centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Olha Posunko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
District Court ◽  
City Hall ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The City

Novomoskovsk is the city in the Dnipro Ukraine, for which the period of the late 18th and the first half of the 19th century became very significant. This is the beginning of the city in its modern sense, the beginning of many institutions functioning, the time of inclusion in the new administrative-territorial system within the Russian Empire. The specified period due to many objective circumstances is not sufficiently provided with scientific sources, and therefore requires the use of all possible archival materials. This article describes the information capabilities of the forensic documentation of the above-mentioned chronological boundaries for the study of the history of Novomoskovsk and Novomoskovsk district. Attention should be paid to the descriptions of the lost funds of the Novomoskovsk Lower Zemsky court, the Novomoskovsk and Pavlograd Lower Reprisal, Novomoskovsk District Court, and the Novomoskovsk City Hall, which were stored in the State Archives of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. These materials often mention the names of famous landowners in the county: Rodzianko, Alekseev, Gersevanova, Kochubey, Faleeva, Miloradovich, Losev, Mizko, Magdenka. Brief information about them in the names of the cases makes it possible to follow (at least partially) the history of ownership, sales, inheritance of the place; conflict situations they were involved in or their peasants. As a separate example, the case of the Yekaterinoslav Chamber of Civil Cases of 1810–1811 is presented by the inhabitant of Novomoskovsk Anna Skalon. The noble family of French descent, Skalon, is associated with the region, some of the new evidence presents this trial of the dispute over the legacy of her husband, Fyodor Scalon. Particular attention should be paid to the report on the inspection of the cities of Yekaterinoslav province in 1833 by the order of the governor N. Longinov. This document captures the following facts: in 1833, 7 096 peoples lived in Novomoskovsk (slightly less than in the province of Yekaterinoslav); there were 1 429 wooden houses in the city; 65 merchants. The report also contains information about the hospital, the prison of the city; characterizes the work of various institutions; gives an idea of the level of crime in the county. It was concluded that the documents of the judicial institutions of Yekaterinoslav region should be involved in the study of various problems of regional history.

Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Cheng Hong ◽  
Wang Xu
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the key problems of the history of Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. It is shown, that, for a number of reasons, the Russian Empire became one of the important channels of emigration from the late Qing Empire. The conclusion is substantiated, that, in the presence of political migrants, for example, from among the Dungan rebels, the main reason for attracting a large number of Chinese to Russia was purely economic, not political factors.

scholarly journals Herzegovina in the “Turkish Empire”. The Russian Consul A. N. Kudryavtsev about the life of the region in the 1860s

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-75
Author(s):  
Ksenia V. Melchakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detailed List ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Ministry ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

The present article dwells upon an unpublished essay about the Ottoman province of Herzegovina in the 19th century. The author of this text is a Russian consul in Mostar Alexei N. Kudryavtsev. The essay was written in 1867 and probably should have been included into the book “The Turkish Empire”. There are several evidences about the existence of this book, however it has not been found yet. Kudryavtsev’s essay embraces a wide range of problems of Herzegovina in the 19th century. It deals with the geography, ethnography and statistics, history of the region, as well as provides a general overview of trade, industry and communication routes in Herzegovina in 1866. The text is stored in the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire and is being published for the first time. Kudryavtsev’s essay tells us about the situation in Herzegovina and its problems. The consul gives a brief description of each area of Herzegovina. The description of trade relations is particularly important. The Consul provides a detailed list of imported and exported goods with an indication of their value. The article might be of interest to researchers focusing on the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the activities of the Russian Foreign Ministry, and on the economic history and ethnography of the Balkan peoples.

scholarly journals Journey From Central Asia To Mecca In The 19th Century: Roads And Conditions (Based On Muntahab Ut-Tawarikh)

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
Guldona Mamanovna Tanieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Route ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Southern Route

It is known that in the XVI-early XX centuries there were three main routes from Central Asia to Mecca - the northern route through the territory of the Russian Empire, the southern route through India and the central route through Iran. It is through these routes that a number of works dedicated to the memories of the pilgrimage by some pilgrims who have made the pilgrimage have come down to us. They contain very valuable information about the history of the pilgrimages of the peoples of Central Asia, the ways of pilgrimage and the conditions in them.

scholarly journals The debate on the publishing of the memoirs of Mikhail Muravyov and its impact on the development of the historiography of the 1863–1864 Uprising

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
D. Ch. Matveichyk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Uprising of 1863–1864 is one of the most controversial issues in Belarusian history of the period when Belarus was a part of the Russian Empire. This issue started being controversial in the 19th century; one of the important reasons for discussions was the source study factor. One of the most commonly used sources on the events of 1863–1864 was the memoirs of the Vilna Governor-General Mikhail Muravyov, published in the Russian Antiquity (Russkaya Starina) magazine. They sparked heated debate among historians and publicists; the subject of the debate was numerous cases of biased interpretation of historical facts by M. Muravyov; self-glorification and lies. Such figures as Mikhail Semevsky (the publisher of the memoirs); Nikolai Berg; Yevgeniy Karnovich; Pyotr Valuev; Sergei Yuzhakov; Alexandr Pavlov; Ivan Aksakov; Alexandr Mosolov and others were the participants of the discussion. In general; the participants were divided into two groups – critics and supporters of Muravyev. The firsts sought; based on the critic of the Muravyov postulates; to reveal the distortions and to present more objective picture of what had been happening; the seconds supported and justified everything that had been written in every possible way. The discussion confirmed the presence in the Russian historiography of the polar views and assessments of M. Muravyov as a person and as a statesman in the position of the Governor-General of Vilna; as well as attracted additional attention of historians to the issue of the Uprising in general.

Career of a Foreigner in the Russian Province of the First Quarter of the 19th Century: The Case of V. F. Blankengorn

2018 ◽  
pp. 1231-1243
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

The article shows the procedure for reconstructing biography of a foreign specialist who worked in the Russian Empire in the first quarter of the 19th century. The author analyzes materials in ‘Mesyatseslov with a list of functionaries or the General staff of the Russian Empire ...’ for 1813—1825. It allows to follow the foreigner’s gradual movement up the career ladder, accompanied by reception of class ranks. Records of service (formularnye listy) within the studied time framework contain further biographical details. These important documents on the service of the provincial official are preserved in the fond of the gubernia board in a regional archive (in this case, the State Archives of the Smolensk Region). Since records of service mention that the foreigner was of Lutheran confession, the parish registers of the corresponding church have been studied. The discovery of the record of death of the subject allows to date his life. Thus, the career of a Berlin native V. F. Blankengorn, who served as uezd and later gubernia land surveyor in the Smolensk gubernia, has been reconstructed. In 1812 Blankengorn was made to stay in occupied Smolensk; later, when the city was liberated, he was acquitted, as he did not render assistance to the enemy army. In 1823-1831 the Smolensk gubernia formed a part of the General-governorship (with center in Vitebsk) alongside with the Vitebsk, Mogilev, and Kaluga gubernias. Thus, documents retated to Blankengorn’s being awarded his first Russian order in 1824 proceeded from the Chancellery of the Governor-General. In the studied period being awarded any order of the Russian Empire (regardless of its degree) opened a prospect of obtaining noble dignity. The article based on the study of the biography of V. F. Blankengorn, adjusts the dating of the ‘Atlas of the Smolensk Province.’ This 25-sheet manuscript executed by Blankengorn is now stored in the department of cartographic publications of the Russian State Library. In its digitized form, the Atlas is available on the official website of the Library. It includes the maps of all cities and uezds of the Smolensk gubernia and its general map. Precision and artistry of the manuscript suggest that it was created for Emperor Alexander I’s tour of the Smolensk gubernia in 1824.

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