scholarly journals The first russian magneto-meteorological observatory in China: historical and scientific survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169-1175
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yu. Feklova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Climatic Features ◽  
Scientific Survey

This paper is devoted to the history of the appearance and evolution of Russian magnetic and meteorological stations and observatories in the territories of China in the nineteenth century. The paper is based on an analysis of numerous resources obtained from Russian and Chinese archives. Considerable attention has been paid to the history of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory in Beijing, which was part of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The observatory was built on the territory of the Russian Orthodox mission. The Observatory and its directors and employees made a great contribution to the investigation of climatic features of the Asian region. For the first time, the paper provides unique information about the organization and equipment of meteorological stations that were established in China and Mongolia under the Beijing observatorys auspices. The stations conducted magnetic, barometric, meteorological, and astronomical observations. Such types of investigations served as the basis for the development of climatology in the Far East and Siberia.

Russian Meteorological Investigations in China in the 19th Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Feklova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Scientific Network ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory (RMMO) in Beijing has not been extensively researched. Sources for this information are Russian (the Russian State Historical Archive, Saint Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences, Russian National Library) and Chinese (the First Historical Archive of Beijing, the Library of the Shanghai Zikavey Observatory) archives. These archival materials can be scientifically and methodologically analyzed. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Russian Orthodox Mission (ROM) was founded in the territory of Beijing. Existing until 1955, the ROM performed an important role in the development of Russian–Chinese relations. Russian scientists could only work in Beijing through the ROM due to China’s policy of fierce self-isolation. The ROM became the center of Chinese academic studies and the first training school for Russian sinologists. From its very beginning, it was considered not only a church or diplomatic mission but a research center in close cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences. In this context, the RMMO made important weather investigations in China and the Far East in the 19th century. The RMMO, as well as its branch stations in China and Mongolia, part of a scientific network, represented an important link between Europe and Asia and was probably the largest geographical scientific network in the world at that time.

PROPAGATION, TROPHIC CONNECTION AND PHENOLOGY OF METCALFA PRUINOSA (SAY, 1830) (AUCHENORRHYNCHA: HEMIPTERA) IN N.N. GRYSHKO NATIONAL BOTANICAL GARDEN OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
N. V. Kushnir ◽  
L. M. Bondareva
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Far East ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time

In May 2016, larvae of the invasive species Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) were recorded for the first time on the territory of the botanical-geographic area ‘The Far East’ in the N.N. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv. During five years of observations, the insect managed to expand its range to other areas of the Botanical Garden and adjacent territories, where it reached a high population density. It is still the northernmost point of the insect’s detection on the territory of Ukraine. The range of M. pruinosa host plants was examined. The species lives on a large number of ornamental and synanthropic plants, fruit and vegetable crops which belong to 80 species from 55 families. The most susceptible to colonization by citrus cicada are: Rosaceae - 18 species, Aceraceae - 5 species, Oleacea e - 4 plant species. It has been found out that M. pruinosa has one generation per year. In the first decade of May, the appearance of cicada larvae is observed. The first adults are recorded in early or mid-July, depending on the meteorological conditions of the year. The complete disappearance of adults is observed at the end of August. The insect's development is limited by a minimum air temperature of 17-20 °С. In the future, it is necessary to monitor and analyze comprehensively those various factors that may affect the emergence, propagation, and survival of M. pruinosa on new territories.

scholarly journals Participation of Far Eastern Eparchies of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Socio-Cultural Life of the Far East in the 1990s

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Oksana Petrovna Fedirko ◽  
Svetlana Mikhailovna Dudarenok
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Far East ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Far Eastern

The paper, using archival sources and media materi-als, examines the participation of the Far Eastern eparchies of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate in the socio-cultural life of the Far East in the 1990s. The main forms of education of representatives of diocesan structures and indi-vidual clergy among the population of the region are noted. The effectiveness of different approaches to the organization of cultural and scientific events organized by the secular authorities together repre-sentatives of Orthodoxy is analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that the peculiarity of the revitalization of religion in the Far East in the 1990s was the demand of the population in gaining new knowledge about the history of the region, the his-tory of Christianity and the ROC MP. Moreover, it was as the desire of Far Eastern eparchies to organ-ize educational activities, expand their sphere of influence, using a variety of forms of work.

scholarly journals The Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration" is 40 years old

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-166
Author(s):  
L. G. Manakov
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Scientific Institution ◽  
East Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Far Eastern

The analysis of the history of creation and development of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration”, its contribution to the results of research work of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the effectiveness of medical activities of healthcare institutions in the Far East region.

scholarly journals Five decades long path.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Dudarenok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Event Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Far Eastern

This article, based on the current archive of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as the annual scientific reports, recreates the 50-year history of IHAE, shows the role of its directors in the formation and development of the Institute: Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences A.I. Krushanov, Academician of the RAS V.L. Larin and Corresponding Member of the RAS N.N. Kradin. Particular attention is paid to a difficult stage in the life of the country and historical science – the period of the 1990s. The liquidation of the CPSU, the fall of the Soviet system and the collapse of the USSR contributed to the crisis of historical science. During this period, the leaders of the IHAE FEB RAS faced quite difficult tasks: to provide funding for scientific research; retain the cadres of professional historians; to develop new methodological approaches and principles for the analysis of historical events and "blind spots" in the history of the Far East; determine the prospects for the future. All these tasks were successfully solved, and by 2000 the Institute regained the role of a scientific center uniting all historians of the Far Eastern region. Introduction. The reasons that led to the need to open an academic center of historical science in Vladivostok are stated: there was a process of intensive development of the region's natural resources; new industrial enterprises and universities were created; Far Eastern cities were renewed, the population grew; the ideological and military confrontation between the two “superpowers” grew, and relations between the USSR and China sharply deteriorated. In these conditions, the role of the humanitarian and ideological component of the social life of the region increased, which was to be formed by historical science. Methods. The content of the article is based on different methods of research, first of all the comparative-genetic method, a consistent presentation of the event series, related to the history of the formation and development of IHAE FEB RAS. Through the application of the narrative method, the history of the Institute's development under its three directors is more widely presented, the specifics of each of the directors and research areas of the staff are displayed. The use of the information method is particularly valuable for building an event series. The method of comparative-historical analysis is also used in the article's presentation. Results. This article was based primarily on the documents of the archive of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the FEB RAS, the annual scientific reports of the Institute and bibliographic indexes of the works of staff of IHAE. This made it possible to present the history of the Institute in all its completeness and contradictions, to show its importance as an academic center of historical science in the Far Eastern region, to determine the main directions of historical research in the future.

scholarly journals Восточные курсы при Окружном штабе Приамурского военного округа (г. Хабаровск) в 1906–1913 гг.

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Роман Сергеевич АВИЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Khabarovsk Krai ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
First Time

Статья подготовлена на основе материалов Государственного архива Хабаровского края и посвящена истории Восточных курсов при Окружном штабе Приамурского военного округа. В ней затрагивается история создания курсов после Русско-японской войны 1904–1905 гг. Исследуется цель, расписание и характер организации занятий по изучению офицерами и нижними чинами китайского, японского и на начальном этапе корейского языков. Впервые публикуются списки офицеров и нижних чинов, получивших премии по итогам изучения китайского и японского языков в 1912–1913 гг. Установлен состав преподавателей курсов в 1911–1913 гг. Based on the documents from the State Archive of Khabarovsk Krai, this article is devoted to the history of the Courses of Oriental languages at the Headquarters of the Priamour Military District. The author analyzes the history of creating these courses after the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, as a result of the war, and of the Russian military expedition in China in 1900–1901. During both campaigns the shortage not only of the translators and dragomans but also of the oriental language-speaking officers was a great problem for the Russian Army in the Far East. The article investigates the reasons, the aim, the schedule and the character of the lessons conducted for officers and soldiers, who studied the Chinese, Japanese, and, at the very beginning, Korean languages. In this report, for the first time, we publish the list of officers and soldiers who received awards on successful completion of the courses of Chinese and Japanese languages in 1912–1913. The Courses faculty members, who taught in 1911–1913, are also identified. As a result, it is concluded that the courses probably had a certain impact on the combat readiness of the troops of the Priamour Military District.

Ramalina sekika (Ramalinaceae), a new species for the lichen flora of Russia from the Far East

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Kataeva
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Far East ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Independent Species ◽  
Lichen Flora

Ramalina sekika Asahina is reported for the first time from Russia from Sakhalin. It refers to the number of rare and poorly investigated species of the genus. Until now it was considered to be endemic to northeastern China. The original description and the location in the Far East are given, as well as the data on anatomical and morphological study of the Russian specimen. The differences in the anatomical structure of its thallus are discussed. A comparison of anatomical and morphological characters of R. sekika, R. pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. (European material), R. yasudae Räsänen has been made; the author considers them as independent species.

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