scholarly journals Variability of rice haploids obtained in anther culture in vitro

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
M. V. Ilyushko ◽  
M. V. Romashova
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Callus Line ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Callus Lines

Morphological variability of haploid plants and doubled haploids of rice obtained on one callus line in anther culture in vitro was studied. The work was carried out on rice plants Oryza sativa L. subspecies japonica Kato varietу Cascade. Regenerant plants of one callus line obtained from one rice anther (four in total) were divided into two or three groups of 20-30 plants, depending on the sample size in order of their differentiation on callus and transplantation on the rooting medium. Two callus lines (15.1 and 18.1) formed half of the haploids, half of the doubled haploids, and two other callus lines (5.1 and 7.2) numerous haploids. On callus lines with numerous haploids (5.1 and 7.2), as the regenant number increases, the size of plants decreases (plant height, number of flowers on the main panicle, number of panicles). On the lines 15.1 and 18.1 between groups of haploids and between groups of doubled haploids statistically significant differences absent. In breeding purposes for the induced doubling of the number of chromosomes in haploid regenerants with antitubulin substances such as colchicine, it is advisable to use plants that form on callus among the first. Between haploids of four callus lines and doubled haploids of two callus lines, statistically significant differences (at p=0.001) were revealed using the Hotelling's T2-criterion, calculated for the whole complex of biometric features. Haploids of different lines differed in three or four of them, doubled haploids on three of the five signs (length of panicle, productive bushiness and plant height). Varieties of interest to breeders may be improved by anther culture in vitro.

scholarly journals Effect of medium gelatinized component on the effectiveness of androgenesis in vitro Oryza sativa L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-180
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
D. V. Shpak ◽  
A. O. Dobrova ◽  
S. O. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Callus Regeneration

Aims. To study the effect of chemically modified starch D–5aM in the culture medium on the efficiency of androgenesis in vitro in anther culture of rice. Methods. Obtaining of rice double haploid lines by anther culture in vitro. The statistical methods. Results The influence different variants of gellatyne source in culture medium on the processes of induction and regeneration in anther culture of rice were studied. The 119 green plants-regenerants were received. Conclusions. The negative effect on the formation of green regenerants using a gel-forming components of the chemically modified starch D–5aM was shown. Keywords: rice, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration, chemically modified starch.

scholarly journals Cyto-histological aspects of haploid androgenesis when obtaining haploids/doubled haploids in rice (Oryza Sativa l.) anther culture in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02033
Author(s):  
E. G. Savenko ◽  
Zh. M. Mukhina ◽  
V. A. Glazyrina ◽  
L. A. Shundrina
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Stage Of Development

The aim of the study was to study the development of rice microspores in anther culture in vitro, study the structure of androclinic callus to identify cyto-embryological features of the formation of morphogenic structures in anther culture, obtain doubled rice haploids (Oryza sativa L.) and accelerate the development of valuable breeding material with desired properties. Within the framework of this study, the results of a cyto-histological study of rice haploid androgenesis in vitro were obtained, which indicate that it is induced under the influence of phytohormones from rice anther microspores at the mononuclear or early binuclear stage of development. The abnormal development of microspores on nutrient media with phytohormone 2,4-D was traced, in which nuclei, having lost their characteristic functions, acquired the ability to unlimited division and growth with the formation of microcallus. The morphological structure of calli was assessed. The main morphotypes of callus tissues and the pathways of morphogenesis, leading to the formation of androgenic structures, up to full-fledged regenerant plants, were identified. Homozygous androgenic lines based on F1 and BC1 - rice generations obtained in the course of hybridization and backcrossing between Chinese samples carrying blast resistance genes and Russian accessiond were rapidly developed.

scholarly journals Control of gamete origin of white cabbage regenerants in anther culture in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Savenko ◽  
◽  
Zh.M. Mukhina ◽  
V.A. Glazyrina ◽  
L.A. Shundrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Root Meristems ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Direct Counting

The complex use of indirect methods (counting chloroplasts in stomatal cells, as well as direct counting of chromosomes in preparations of root meristems) in combination with DNA methods makes it possible to identify ploidy of plants obtained from white cabbage anthers and to rank them on haploids / doubled haploids and diploid ones already on test tube level.

scholarly journals In vitro androgenesis in triticale

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
Oksana Ivanovna Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
In Vitro Androgenesis

Abstract The technology for in vitro anther culturing was optimized in hexaploid triticale using combination of external factors that allowed to obtain more than 100 doubled haploid lines. Investigation of genetic variation among anther culture derived doubled haploids of triticale showed the occurrence of heterozygous plants.

scholarly journals Efficiency of spring barley haploid production in anther culture in vitro: comparison of basic and improved technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
O. V. Bilinska ◽  
P. G. Dulnyev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Cold Pretreatment ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Modified Starches

Aim. Evaluation of innovative methodological approaches elaborated on model genotypes for usability to increase frequencies of morphogenic structure induction and plant regeneration in anther culture in vitro in spring barley diverse material. Methods. Spikes isolated from F1 and F2 hybrids of four crosses were pretreated using an improved method (4ºC, 28 days), and anthers were inoculated onto nutrient media containing chemically modified starches D5-M and D5a-1 instead of agar. In control cut tillers were emerged in water and pretreated at 4ºC for 5 days. Anthers were cultivated on agar solidified medium. Results. Positive effects of the improved method of cold pretreatment and cultivation of anthers on media solidified with starches were confirmed. The advantage of new gelling agent D5a-1 was proved. Particularly, its usage resulted in a three-fold increase in the frequency of green plant regeneration. Conclusions. In order to increase spring barley androgenic haploid yield, combination of prolonged cold pretreatment with anther cultivation on media solidified with chemically modified starches instead of agar in an integrated technological process is reasonable. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., anther culture in vitro, cold pretreatment, starch, agar, embryo formation, plant regeneration.

scholarly journals Pembentukan Genotipe Padi Berumur Sangat Genjah melalui Kultur Antera

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
A. Dinar Ambarwati ◽  
Aniversari Apriana ◽  
Atmitri Sisharmini ◽  
Ida H. Somantri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Pure Lines

<p>Development of Very Early Maturing Rice Genotypes through Anther Culture. Iswari S. Dewi, A. Dinar Ambarwati, Aniversari Apriana, Atmitri Sisharmini, Ida H. Somantri, Bambang Suprihatno, and Iman Ridwan. Rice is the most important food crop in Indonesia. Increase in production is needed due to population increase. Rice production in rainfed area is contributed the second after irrigated area. Rainfed condition requiring very early maturity (90-104 days) varieties. Rice anther culture can be applied to accelerate obtainment of doubled haploids (DHs) or pure lines needed in rice breeding. The experiment was aimed to obtain pure lines for developing very early maturing and high yielding rice varieties. Materials used for anther culture were F1s of Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, and IR71730/OM1490. Anther culture media were N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l for callus induction, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l for plantlet regeneration, and MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA for rooting. Putrescine 10-3 M was added to callus induction and regeneration media. The results shown that calli forming green plantlet (CFGP) were ranged from 0.25 to 83.33%. Fatmawati/Kinamase gave the highest CFGP (245 calli), followed by Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 calli) and Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 calli). Total green plantlets obtained were 2.038 plantlets. After plantlet acclimatization and greenhouse grow-out, we obtained 507 DHs. The evaluation of 100 DHs at farmer field (Ciranjang District in Cianjur), based on their 50% heading date of 65 days, resulted in 33 lines cathegorized as very early maturing lines (+100 days). They were 18 lines from Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 lines from Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 lines from Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, and 2 lines from Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditi pangan terpenting di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi diperlukan seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Lahan sawah tadah hujan merupakan lumbung padi kedua setelah sawah irigasi. Kondisi lahan sawah tadah hujan memerlukan varietas-varietas padi berumur sangat genjah (90-104 hari). Teknik kultur antera dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat perolehan tanaman dihaploid (DH) atau galur murni dalam pemuliaan padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur-galur murni yang akan digunakan dalam perakitan padi berdaya hasil tinggi dan berumur sangat genjah. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan untuk kultur antera adalah malai dari tanaman F1 hasil persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/ IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, dan IR71730/OM1490. Media kultur antera adalah N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l untuk media induksi kalus, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l untuk media regenerasi, dan MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA untuk media perakaran. Putresine 10-3 M ditambahkan pada media induksi kalus dan regenerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus yang menghasilkan tanaman hijau (KMTH) berkisar antara 0,25-83,33%. Persilangan Fatmawati/ Kinamase memberikan KMTH tertinggi (245 kalus), diikuti oleh Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 kalus) dan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 kalus). Total tanaman hijau yang diperoleh adalah 2.038 planlet dihaploid, namun diperoleh 507 tanaman setelah planlet diaklimatisasi dan tanaman ditumbuhkan di rumah kaca. Evaluasi terhadap 100 DH dilakukan di lahan petani Ciranjang, Cianjur. Berdasarkan hari berbunga 50% (65 hari setelah semai), diperoleh 33 galur yang termasuk kategori sangat genjah (dipanen +100 hari). Galur-galur tersebut adalah 18 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, dan 2 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p>

scholarly journals Androgenesis of Red Cabbage in Isolated Microspore Culture In Vitro

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Anna Mineykina ◽  
Ludmila Bondareva ◽  
Alexey Soldatenko ◽  
Elena Domblides
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Isolated Microspore Culture ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Red Cabbage

Red cabbage belongs to the economically important group of vegetable crops of the Brassicaceae family. A unique feature of this vegetable crop that distinguishes it from other members of the family is its unique biochemical composition characterized by high anthocyanin content, which gives it antioxidant properties. The production mainly uses F1 hybrids, which require constant parental lines, requiring 6–7 generations of inbreeding. Culture of isolated microspores in vitro is currently one of the promising methods for the accelerated production of pure lines with 100% homozygosity. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors and select optimal parameters for successful induction of red cabbage embryogenesis in isolated microspore culture in vitro and subsequent regeneration of DH plants. As a result of research, for the first time, it was possible to carry out the full cycle of obtaining DH plants of red cabbage from the induction of embryogenesis to their inclusion in the breeding process. The size of buds containing predominantly microspores at the late vacuolated stage and pollen at the early bi-cellular stage has to be selected individually for each genotype, because the embryoid yield will be determined by the interaction of these two factors. In the six samples studied, the maximum embryoid yield was obtained from buds 4.1–4.4 mm and 4.5–5.0 mm long, depending on the genotype. Cultivation of microspores was carried out on liquid NLN culture medium with 13% sucrose. The maximum number of embryoids (173.5 ± 7.5 pcs./Petri dish) was obtained on culture medium with pH 5.8 and heat shock at 32 °C for 48 h. Successful embryoid development and plant regeneration by direct germination from shoot apical meristem were achieved on MS culture medium with 2% sucrose and 0.7% agar, supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 1 mg/L. Analysis of the obtained regenerated plants, which successfully passed the stage of adaptation to ex vitro conditions by flow cytometry, showed that most of them were doubled haploids (up to 90.9%). A low number of seeds produced by self-fertilization in DH plants was observed.

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