scholarly journals ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Thokchom Shantajit ◽  
Chirom Ranjeev Kumar ◽  
Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents claim over a million lives every year in the world. As per World Health Organization (WHO) it is one of the leading cause of death. India, being a rapidly developing country with expanding economy has its own issues as regarding road traffic accidents due to rapid proliferation of motorization. Road traffic accidents causes enormous morbidity and mortality and at the same time, the toll on the economy of the country as a result of it is quite heavy. Road traffic accident is a result of an interaction among different factors which include the environment, vehicle and the human being. Traditionally it is considered that road traffic accidents are accidents which are unpredictable, inevitable and not preventable. But road traffic accidents are indeed predictable and preventable in majority of the cases. This require the knowledge of factors contributing and leading to road traffic accidents. There are certain preventive measures which if adopted can lead to decrease in morbidity and mortality resulting from RTA. Hence, it is the responsibility of all to contribute in reducing road traffic accidents.Keywords: Road traffic accidents; Road traffic injuries; Roads in India, Road safety; Vehicular registration.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

Financial impact of road traffic accidents on the society

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. R K Gorea
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Financial Losses

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are a global problem resulting in deaths, physical injuries, psychological problems and financial losses. These financial damages have immediate consequences and long term consequences on the victims and their families. Different countries have different impact of road traffic accidents and therefore spend dissimilar amounts in their budgets to prevent the road traffic accidents. If the financial losses due to road traffic accidents are calculated and highlighted by the researchers, the respective governments will be willing to spend higher amount in their budgets to prevent such accidents; as governments will be able to directly see the benefits to their countries, of spending higher budget amounts. Various countries are acting differently to reduce this menace of road traffic accidents and World Health Organization (WHO) is celebrating “Decade for road safety” to reduce the accidents and thus the financial loses to the society.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Road Traffic Accident Cases Reported in a Tertiary Military Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Md Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Farzana Zafreen ◽  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the eighth leading cause of death globally, and the leading cause of death in Bangladesh. The road safety situation in Bangladesh has been deteriorating with increasing number of road accident deaths, largely as direct consequences of rapid growth in population, motorization, urbanization and lack of investment in road safety. Objectives: To describe the injury characteristics of road traffic accidents cases that reported at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted on all the RTA cases reported to medical inspection room CMH, Dhaka from 01 March to 30 June 2010. A total of 126 RTA victims irrespective of age and sex were included, data were collected by face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Results: A total of 126 road traffic accident victims both sexes were studied. The majority of the study subjects were men 103 (81.7%) and most of them were in 31-40 years group (27%), Muslims (98.41%) were the majority. In our study regarding educational qualification of RTA victims most of them were SSC qualified (44’4%) and primary level (15.1%). Military services holder (45.2%) was the majority of road traffic crash victims. Bus/Minibus (32.5%) was responsible for the majority of road traffic crashes and motor vehicle passengers (42.9%) were main victims. Laceration & cut injury were (38.1%) and multiple injury (18.3%) were the most common injury. Main roads (49.2%) were the commonest site of the accidents.  Regarding place of occurrence main roads 62 (49.2%) was the most common site and noon 41 (32.5%) was the most common time of occurrence of accidents. Conclusion: Road traffic crashes constitute a major public health problem in our setting and contribute significantly to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Urgent preventive measures targeting at reducing the occurrence of road traffic crashes is necessary to reduce the morbidity and mortality resulting from these injuries. Early recognition and prompt treatment of road traffic injuries is essential for optimal patient outcome. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 213-217

scholarly journals Forecasting road traffic accident deaths in India using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3962
Author(s):  
Manikandan M. ◽  
Vishnu Prasad R. ◽  
Amit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Konduru ◽  
Newtonraj A.
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Health Organization

Background: As per World Health Organization (WHO) report 1.24 million people die each year as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA) globally. A vast majority of 20-50 million people suffer from non-fatal injuries, many of them ultimately end in disability. Forecasting RTA deaths could help in planning the intervention at the right time in an effective way.Methods: An attempt was made to forecast the RTA deaths in India with seasonal auto regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model. ARIMA model is one of the common methods which are used for forecasting variables as the method is very easy and requires only long time series data. The method of selection of appropriate ARIMA model has been explained in detail. Month wise RTA deaths for previous years data was collected from Govt. of India website. Data for 12 years (2001 to 2012) was extracted and appropriate ARIMA model was selected. Using the validated ARIMA model the RTA deaths are forecasted for 8 years (2013-2020).Results: The appropriate SARIMA (1,0,0) (2,1,0) 12 model was selected based on minimal AIC and BIC values. The forecasted RTA deaths show increasing trend overtime.Conclusions: There is an increasing trend in the forecasted numbers of road traffic accidental deaths and it also shows seasonality of RTA deaths with more number of accidents during the month of April and May in every years. It is recommended that the policy makers and transport authority should pay more attention to road traffic accidents and plan some effective intervention to reduce the burden of RTA deaths.

scholarly journals A study to assess the knowledge and practice of road safety measures among undergraduate medical students of M. R. Medical College, Kalaburagi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi R. Kalbandkeri ◽  
Boramma G. ◽  
Shreeshail Ghooli
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Road traffic injuries claim more than 1.25 million lives each year and have a huge impact on health and development. They are the leading cause of death among young people aged between 15 and 29 years globally. In the South East Asian region of the World Health Organization, India alone accounted for 73 percent of these Road traffic accidents (RTA) burden. The importance of road safety measures needs to be emphasized in the prevention of the road traffic accidents. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and practice of road safety measures among undergraduate medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 medical undergraduates of M.R. Medical College from 1st September to 1st October 2016. Data was collected using pre-tested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Statistical analysis was done using relevant statistical tests.Results: Out of the 310 students 54.19% were males and 45.81% were females. 90.9% of the participants had driving licence, 32.1% of the students had taken training for driving the car and 66% of the students did not wear helmet. Female students had high knowledge of the road safety measures when compared to male students.Conclusions: The overall knowledge of road safety measures was high among the study participants. Regarding practice behaviours they were not desirable like practice of wearing helmet and exceeding speed limit. Undertaking proper road safety measures are the best available interventions to curb the epidemic of RTA.

scholarly journals Modelling Deaths Associated with Road Traffic Accidents and other Factors on Great North Road in Zambia between the Years 2010 and 2016 Using Poisson Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Ronald Fisa ◽  
Chola Nakazwe ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Patrick Musonda
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Best Fit

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1.24 million people die annually on the world’s roads, with 20-50 million sustaining non-fatal injuries. More than 85% (1.05 million) of the global deaths due to injuries occur in the developing world. Road traffic deaths and injuries are a major but neglected public health challenge that requires concerted efforts for effective and sustainable prevention. The objectives of the study were to estimate the incidence rate of death from RTAs, to determine factors associated with serious and fatal Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) and to determine which of the poisson models fit the count data better. Methods: Data was collected from Zambia Police (ZP), Traffic Division on accidents that occurred on the Great North Road (GNR) highway between Lusaka and Kapiri-Mposhi in Zambia from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. Results from standard Poisson regression were compared to those obtained using the Negative Binomial (NB), Zero-Truncated Negative Binomial (ZTNB) and the Zero-Truncated Poisson (ZTP) regression models. Diagnostic tests were used to determine the best fit model. The data was analysed using STATA software, version 14.0 SE (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Results: A total of 1, 023 RTAs were analysed in which 1, 212 people died. Of these deaths, 82 (7%) were Juveniles and 1, 130 (93%) were adults. Cause of accident such as pedestrians crossing the road accounted for 30% (310/1,023) while 29% (295/1,023) were as a result of driver’s excessive speed. The study revealed that driving in the early hours of the day (1AM-6AM) as compared to driving in the night (7PM-12AM) had a significant increase in the incidence rate of death from RTAs, Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) of 2.1, (95% CI={1.01-4.41}), p-value=0.048. Results further showed that public transport as compared to private transport had an increased incidence rate of death from RTAs (IRR=5.65, 95% CI={2.97-10.73}), p-value<0.0001. The two competing models were the ZTP and the ZTNB. The ZTP had AIC=1304.55, BIC= 1336.55, whereas the ZTNB had AIC=742.25 and BIC=819.69. This indicated that the ZTNB with smaller AIC and BIC was the best fit model for the data. Conclusion: There is a reduced incidence of dying if one is using a private vehicle as compared to a public vehicle. Driving in the early hours of the day (1AM and 6AM) had an increased incidence of death from RTAs. This study suggests that when dealing with counts in which there are a few zeros observed such as in serious and fatal RTAs, ZTNB fits the data well as compared to other models.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Accident Analysis and Identification of Black Spot Locations on Highway

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2448-2456
Author(s):  
Asad Iqbal ◽  
Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Kaleem Ullah ◽  
Usman Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Accident Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Black Spots

Road safety is the main problem in developing countries. Every year, millions of people die in road traffic accidents, resulting in huge losses of humankind and the economy. This study focuses on the road traffic accident analysis and identification of black spots on the Lahore-Islamabad Highway M-2. Official data of road traffic accidents were collected from National Highway and Highway Police (NH & MP) Pakistan. The data was digitized on MS Excel and Origin Pro. The accident Point weightage (APW) method was employed to identify the black spots and rank of the top ten black spots. The analysis shows that the trend of road traffic accidents on M-2 was characterized by a high rate of fatal accidents of 35.3%. Human errors account for 66.8% as the major contributing factors in road traffic accidents, while vehicle errors (25.6%) and environmental factors (7.6%) were secondary and tertiary contributing factors. The main causes of road traffic accidents were the dozing on the wheel (27.9%), the careless driving (24.6%), tyre burst (11.7%), and the brakes failure (7.4%). Kallar Kahar (Salt Range) was identified as a black spot (223 km, 224 km, 225 km, 229 km, and 234 km) due to vehicle brake failure. The human error was a major contributory factor in road traffic accidents, therefore public awareness campaign on road safety is inevitable and use of the dozen alarm to overcome dozing on the wheel. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091629 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nowruz 2016 and Nowruz 2017 Accidents Data in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Rahmani Daranjani ◽  
◽  
Mahmoud Rezaeizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Background: Road traffic accidents are currently among the most essential public health issues. According to the World Health Organization, given the rapid growth of road transport globally, road traffic accidents could be the third leading cause of death and disability in the world by 2020. This article examined the role of the human factor in road accidents during the Nowruz holidays, as a major cultural event in Iran. Materials and Methods: We explored the data of road accidents that occurred in Nowruz in 2016 and 2017 in Iran. Traffic accident data concerning the Nowruz holidays of 2016 and 2017 were collected by census method of sampling and based on the report of highway police. Additionally, the frequency of these accidents was analyzed according to travel time, accident type, gender, age, education, and vehicle type in different provinces. Results: The present study findings suggested that among human factors affecting Nowruz accidents in 2016 and 2017, the highest frequency belonged to unnecessary speeding. As in 2016 and 2017, it was the main responsible characteristic for 56.42% and 55.01% of accidents, respectively. In Nowruz 2016, the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, and Khuzestan; in Nowruz 2017, the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, and Gilan encountered the highest rates of accidents leading to injuries and deaths. Conclusion: To control unnecessary speeding and regulations disregard, planning for culturizing and the community-level education are suggested. Besides, increasing the quality and intelligence of vehicles and the construction of sliders, vertical lines on the road, warning signs, and billboards could help reduce the rate of accidents. Creating a working group of experts in psychology, traffic, etc., to study the pathology of dangerous behaviors, useless haste, and disregard for regulations and providing solutions could also be effective.

scholarly journals Improving Pre-hospital Care of Road Traffic Accident's Victims with Smartphone Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Abdellah ◽  
Majed M. Aborokbah ◽  
Abbdelrahman Osman Elfaki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Health Organization

<p class="0abstract">One of the most causes to lose millions of lives around the world is Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). According to the world health organization (WHO) report, 1.25 million people are killed each year as a result of RTAs, 20 to 50 million people were injured, and the number of killed people by RTAs is expected to increase further by 2020. The recent studies conclude that patient survival during a health emergency situation depends on the effective pre-hospital healthcare services, while the effective communication between the paramedics and prehospital staff is one of the important healthcare success factors. With the rapid growing of information and communication technology (ICT), wireless technologies and mobile services can provide viable solution to overcome the pre-hospital healthcare problems. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of prehospital emergency healthcare services at KSA by developing and implementing a mobile based emergency system. The proposed application is moving the diagnosis time to be started during traveling time witch accelerate the treatment. The proposed system shows satisfactory results in term of effectiveness and satisfaction</p>

Heavy truck driving attitude and behavior contributing to road traffic accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tarek M. Esmael ◽  
Abdulamajeed Al Amri ◽  
Tariq Al Anazi ◽  
Saleh Al Attawi ◽  
Hany Hosny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World

According to the World Health Organisation, road traffic accidents are the leading cause of most emergency  admissions in hospitals worldwide. Many people have indicated that road traffic collisions are a significant contributor to DALYs lost. For example, according to the World Health Survey in 2010, road traffic events have been reported as the ninth most common cause of injury-modified life years (DALYs) lost across all age and gender classes. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that one out of every 10 deaths in the world are caused by road traffic accidents. More than 200,000 people are killed in the United States each year from different reasons. The number of disabled people related to this disease will grow even further by 2020. There are nearly 1.5 million out of about 47 million people who are wounded in the highways every year in the United States Drivers were found to be more likely to saddle up for the journey as they set out on main roads. Car seat-belts can make driving more safe by reducing the effect made on the drivers and the passengers in the car. The driver's mood about the problem of distracted driving can be a critical factor in avoiding road traffic accidents. To be safe, drivers should have at least one restful day a week, should not drive for more than eight hours a day, should not travel more than 800 kilometers a day, and will need to have routine checks so that everything is going well and is running properly. Traffic laws, traffic signs, other vehicles, and many other items when on the road; drivers should not eat any nourishment, they should not consume any quantity of alcoholic beverages, they should not use electronic cigarettes, they should not put their mobile phones on.

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