scholarly journals Improving Pre-hospital Care of Road Traffic Accident's Victims with Smartphone Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Abdellah ◽  
Majed M. Aborokbah ◽  
Abbdelrahman Osman Elfaki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Health Organization

<p class="0abstract">One of the most causes to lose millions of lives around the world is Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). According to the world health organization (WHO) report, 1.25 million people are killed each year as a result of RTAs, 20 to 50 million people were injured, and the number of killed people by RTAs is expected to increase further by 2020. The recent studies conclude that patient survival during a health emergency situation depends on the effective pre-hospital healthcare services, while the effective communication between the paramedics and prehospital staff is one of the important healthcare success factors. With the rapid growing of information and communication technology (ICT), wireless technologies and mobile services can provide viable solution to overcome the pre-hospital healthcare problems. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of prehospital emergency healthcare services at KSA by developing and implementing a mobile based emergency system. The proposed application is moving the diagnosis time to be started during traveling time witch accelerate the treatment. The proposed system shows satisfactory results in term of effectiveness and satisfaction</p>

scholarly journals Pedestrians’ Injury Severity in Traffic Accidents in Spain: A Pedestrian Actions Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6439
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Febres ◽  
Miguel Ángel Mariscal ◽  
Sixto Herrera ◽  
Susana García-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Unsafe Behavior ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents are currently between the seventh and tenth leading cause of death in the world, with approximately 1.35 million people killed per year. Despite extensive efforts by governments, according to the World Health Organization, road accidents still cause far too many deaths, especially among pedestrians, cyclists and two-wheel motor vehicle riders, who together account for almost 50% of road traffic fatalities. In particular, Spain had 410,974 traffic accidents between 2016 and 2019, involving 722,516 vehicles and 61,177 pedestrians with varying degrees of injury. This study uses the Bayesian network method to understand how the pedestrians’ responsibility and actions at the time of the traffic accident affect the injury suffered by said pedestrian, also considering the variables of the road infrastructure and vehicles at the accident site. The results confirm that the variables linked to the unsafe behavior of pedestrians, and their responsibility in traffic accidents, increase the risk of suffering serious or fatal injuries during an accident; for example, if a pedestrian is distracted this increases his/her probability of suffering a severe injury (27.86%) with respect to not being distracted (20.73%). Conditions related to traffic in high-speed areas, areas with no or poor lighting, and areas lacking sidewalks, also record increases in pedestrian injury, as is the case in the age group of pedestrians over 60 years of age.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

scholarly journals ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Thokchom Shantajit ◽  
Chirom Ranjeev Kumar ◽  
Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents claim over a million lives every year in the world. As per World Health Organization (WHO) it is one of the leading cause of death. India, being a rapidly developing country with expanding economy has its own issues as regarding road traffic accidents due to rapid proliferation of motorization. Road traffic accidents causes enormous morbidity and mortality and at the same time, the toll on the economy of the country as a result of it is quite heavy. Road traffic accident is a result of an interaction among different factors which include the environment, vehicle and the human being. Traditionally it is considered that road traffic accidents are accidents which are unpredictable, inevitable and not preventable. But road traffic accidents are indeed predictable and preventable in majority of the cases. This require the knowledge of factors contributing and leading to road traffic accidents. There are certain preventive measures which if adopted can lead to decrease in morbidity and mortality resulting from RTA. Hence, it is the responsibility of all to contribute in reducing road traffic accidents.Keywords: Road traffic accidents; Road traffic injuries; Roads in India, Road safety; Vehicular registration.

scholarly journals The World Health Organization/World Bank’s First World Report on Disability

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Seelman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
World Report ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
First World

In June, 2011 at the United Nations (UN) in New York City, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank launched the first World Report on Disability. This short overview of the Report provides information about its purpose, development and content, intended audiences, and outcomes.  Special attention is directed to the sections of the Report which address telerehabilitation and information and communication technology.

scholarly journals Driver Distraction Identification with an Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham M. Eraqi ◽  
Yehya Abouelnaga ◽  
Mohamed H. Saad ◽  
Mohamed N. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driver Distraction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Skin Segmentation ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1.25 million deaths yearly due to road traffic accidents worldwide and the number has been continuously increasing over the last few years. Nearly fifth of these accidents are caused by distracted drivers. Existing work of distracted driver detection is concerned with a small set of distractions (mostly, cell phone usage). Unreliable ad hoc methods are often used. In this paper, we present the first publicly available dataset for driver distraction identification with more distraction postures than existing alternatives. In addition, we propose a reliable deep learning-based solution that achieves a 90% accuracy. The system consists of a genetically weighted ensemble of convolutional neural networks; we show that a weighted ensemble of classifiers using a genetic algorithm yields a better classification confidence. We also study the effect of different visual elements in distraction detection by means of face and hand localizations, and skin segmentation. Finally, we present a thinned version of our ensemble that could achieve 84.64% classification accuracy and operate in a real-time environment.

scholarly journals Factors increasing safety of the disabled road users

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Monika Ucińska ◽  
Ewa Odachowska
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
World Health ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The World ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Health Organization

A report by the World Health Organization indicates that over one billion people in the world are affected by some form of disability or have limited fitness, and 200 million have difficulties in functioning [1]. In Poland, according to the statistics, there are 7.5 million people with functional limitations, including almost 2.5 million those in a significant degree [2]. Many people with different dysfunctions drive vehicles, among this group there are also older people, who, with age experience the reduction of many functions affecting the safe driving of the vehicle. To assess some factors increasing the safety of disabled participants in the road traffic, selected psychomotor aspects have been verified. This article presents analyses related to determining the capabilities of people with disabilities depending on whether the disability was congenital or acquired. These drivers were also compared with non-disabled road users. Psychomotor performance was checked using the DTS (Driver Test Station) device. It was noticed that people with acquired disability do better in the majority of tests measuring both pressure forces and reactions of particular limbs in comparison with people with a congenital disability. The research presented sets the direction for further explorations, mainly due to the small group of respondents, but they can nevertheless form the basis for further hypotheses and their verification.

scholarly journals Forecasting road traffic accident deaths in India using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3962
Author(s):  
Manikandan M. ◽  
Vishnu Prasad R. ◽  
Amit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Konduru ◽  
Newtonraj A.
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Health Organization

Background: As per World Health Organization (WHO) report 1.24 million people die each year as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA) globally. A vast majority of 20-50 million people suffer from non-fatal injuries, many of them ultimately end in disability. Forecasting RTA deaths could help in planning the intervention at the right time in an effective way.Methods: An attempt was made to forecast the RTA deaths in India with seasonal auto regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model. ARIMA model is one of the common methods which are used for forecasting variables as the method is very easy and requires only long time series data. The method of selection of appropriate ARIMA model has been explained in detail. Month wise RTA deaths for previous years data was collected from Govt. of India website. Data for 12 years (2001 to 2012) was extracted and appropriate ARIMA model was selected. Using the validated ARIMA model the RTA deaths are forecasted for 8 years (2013-2020).Results: The appropriate SARIMA (1,0,0) (2,1,0) 12 model was selected based on minimal AIC and BIC values. The forecasted RTA deaths show increasing trend overtime.Conclusions: There is an increasing trend in the forecasted numbers of road traffic accidental deaths and it also shows seasonality of RTA deaths with more number of accidents during the month of April and May in every years. It is recommended that the policy makers and transport authority should pay more attention to road traffic accidents and plan some effective intervention to reduce the burden of RTA deaths.

scholarly journals In Honor of Dr. Abdul Hussein Taba: Iranian Physician and Former Director of the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 707-711
Author(s):  
Leila Mounesan ◽  
Ehsan Mostafavi
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Director ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The honorable Abdul Hussein Tabatabaei was born in 1911 in Iran and received his medical education in the United Kingdom. Famously known as Dr. A.H. Taba, he was a well-respected man for his significant impact on the improvement of the national and global healthcare services and support for social justice. Before joining the World Health Organization (WHO), he was twice elected to the Iranian national assembly and served as the under-secretary of health services in Iran. Later, he joined the WHO and was elected as the Director of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) in Alexandria in 1957 – a position he maintained for 25 years. During his tenure as the Regional Director, he rendered valuable assistance to the development and expansion of major health issues such as development and expansion of the health workforce, improvement of the national health services and controlling of various communicable diseases in the member countries and across the WHO regional offices.

scholarly journals Modelling Deaths Associated with Road Traffic Accidents and other Factors on Great North Road in Zambia between the Years 2010 and 2016 Using Poisson Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Ronald Fisa ◽  
Chola Nakazwe ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Patrick Musonda
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Best Fit

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1.24 million people die annually on the world’s roads, with 20-50 million sustaining non-fatal injuries. More than 85% (1.05 million) of the global deaths due to injuries occur in the developing world. Road traffic deaths and injuries are a major but neglected public health challenge that requires concerted efforts for effective and sustainable prevention. The objectives of the study were to estimate the incidence rate of death from RTAs, to determine factors associated with serious and fatal Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) and to determine which of the poisson models fit the count data better. Methods: Data was collected from Zambia Police (ZP), Traffic Division on accidents that occurred on the Great North Road (GNR) highway between Lusaka and Kapiri-Mposhi in Zambia from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. Results from standard Poisson regression were compared to those obtained using the Negative Binomial (NB), Zero-Truncated Negative Binomial (ZTNB) and the Zero-Truncated Poisson (ZTP) regression models. Diagnostic tests were used to determine the best fit model. The data was analysed using STATA software, version 14.0 SE (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Results: A total of 1, 023 RTAs were analysed in which 1, 212 people died. Of these deaths, 82 (7%) were Juveniles and 1, 130 (93%) were adults. Cause of accident such as pedestrians crossing the road accounted for 30% (310/1,023) while 29% (295/1,023) were as a result of driver’s excessive speed. The study revealed that driving in the early hours of the day (1AM-6AM) as compared to driving in the night (7PM-12AM) had a significant increase in the incidence rate of death from RTAs, Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) of 2.1, (95% CI={1.01-4.41}), p-value=0.048. Results further showed that public transport as compared to private transport had an increased incidence rate of death from RTAs (IRR=5.65, 95% CI={2.97-10.73}), p-value<0.0001. The two competing models were the ZTP and the ZTNB. The ZTP had AIC=1304.55, BIC= 1336.55, whereas the ZTNB had AIC=742.25 and BIC=819.69. This indicated that the ZTNB with smaller AIC and BIC was the best fit model for the data. Conclusion: There is a reduced incidence of dying if one is using a private vehicle as compared to a public vehicle. Driving in the early hours of the day (1AM and 6AM) had an increased incidence of death from RTAs. This study suggests that when dealing with counts in which there are a few zeros observed such as in serious and fatal RTAs, ZTNB fits the data well as compared to other models.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nowruz 2016 and Nowruz 2017 Accidents Data in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Rahmani Daranjani ◽  
◽  
Mahmoud Rezaeizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Background: Road traffic accidents are currently among the most essential public health issues. According to the World Health Organization, given the rapid growth of road transport globally, road traffic accidents could be the third leading cause of death and disability in the world by 2020. This article examined the role of the human factor in road accidents during the Nowruz holidays, as a major cultural event in Iran. Materials and Methods: We explored the data of road accidents that occurred in Nowruz in 2016 and 2017 in Iran. Traffic accident data concerning the Nowruz holidays of 2016 and 2017 were collected by census method of sampling and based on the report of highway police. Additionally, the frequency of these accidents was analyzed according to travel time, accident type, gender, age, education, and vehicle type in different provinces. Results: The present study findings suggested that among human factors affecting Nowruz accidents in 2016 and 2017, the highest frequency belonged to unnecessary speeding. As in 2016 and 2017, it was the main responsible characteristic for 56.42% and 55.01% of accidents, respectively. In Nowruz 2016, the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, and Khuzestan; in Nowruz 2017, the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, and Gilan encountered the highest rates of accidents leading to injuries and deaths. Conclusion: To control unnecessary speeding and regulations disregard, planning for culturizing and the community-level education are suggested. Besides, increasing the quality and intelligence of vehicles and the construction of sliders, vertical lines on the road, warning signs, and billboards could help reduce the rate of accidents. Creating a working group of experts in psychology, traffic, etc., to study the pathology of dangerous behaviors, useless haste, and disregard for regulations and providing solutions could also be effective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document