scholarly journals Impact of Sever Plasmodium falciparum infection on Platelets Parameters among Sudanese children Living in Al-Jazira State

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed ◽  
Zeinab Abdalmalik Ahmed ◽  
Bakri Yousif Mohammed Nour ◽  
Adam Dawoud Abakar ◽  
Asaad Ma. Babker
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Parasite Count ◽  
Malaria Parasitemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria

Background: Falciparum malaria remains one of the most global infection among children particularly in communities with poor resources. Falciparum malaria associated with several hematological changes that affect the major blood cell lines such as platelets lead to platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) abnormalities. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of falciparum malaria on platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) among Sudanese children. In addition to study relationships and correlation between platelets parameters and malaria parasitemia and parasite count. Materials and Methods: A case control study was conducted in Wad Medani Pediatric Hospital in collaboration with Faculty of Medical laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Sudan among 100 children with severe falciparum malaria (mean age 8.63 ± 3.40 years; 61% males), 100 children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (mean age 8.83 ± 4.20 years; 45% males) and 100 children with normal healthy children controls (mean age 10.08 ± 3.58 years; 50% males). Parasitemia and parasite count (%) was determined directly from thick and thin blood films respectively. The platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) measured by using Sysmex XP 300 N automated analyzer, and platelets count was confirmed and assessed using stained thin blood film. SPSS software (V 20.0) and Stat disk software (V 13.0) were used for data analysis. Results: 72 % of severe falciparum malaria (SM) have hyperparasitemia, while 18 % among uncomplicated falciparum malaria (UM). The thrombocytopenia account for 43 % (SM: 30.5 %; UM: 12.5 %), low PCT account for 35.5 % (SM: 27 %; UM: 8.5 %) and high PDW account for 46.5 % (SM: 23.5 %; UM: 23 %) in falciparum malaria cases. The mean PLTs count and PDW were statistically significantly differences between falciparum malaria cases and normal healthy control (P value 0.000 and 0.008 respectively). The mean PLTs count and PCT in severe falciparum malaria cases were lower than uncomplicated falciparum malaria cases (P value 0.005 and 0.000 respectively). The PLTs count and PCT had significant negative correlation within malaria parasitemia (P value 0.000; r -0.286; P value 0.004; r -0.205 respectively) and malaria parasite count (P value 0.000; r -0.450; P value 0.000; r -0.270 respectively). Conclusion: The study concluded that thrombocytopenia, low PCT and high PDW were observed as most platelets parameters changes in falciparum malaria. PLTs count along with PCT to be recommended as hematological diagnostic markers and prognostic tool to assess the disease severity and to improve the management of falciparum malaria among patients.

scholarly journals Correlation between vitamin D serum level and total IgE in asthmatic children

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Vesna Micevska ◽  
Tatjana Jakovska Mareti ◽  
Ilija Kirovski ◽  
Olivera Jordanova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronical Disease

Asthma is a chronical disease of the airways characterized by reversible obstruction of the bronchi and airway inflammation. In recent decades, the scientific interest of the vitamin D system and its role in development of asthma and other alergic diseases has been increased. Aims of this study are to mesure and compare the serum level of 25 OHD in asthmatic and healthy children and corelate the level of 25OHD and total IgE in asthmatic children. This prospective study includes 70 children at age 2 to 14, of which 32 are children with diagnosed asthma and 38 healthy children. In both  of the groups the serum level of 25 OHD was measured  and by the results 18 % of the healthy children (C) and 28% of the asthma children (E) had 25OHD  deficiency, 45%  of C and 50% of E were insufficient and 37 % of C / 22% of E were with normal 25 OHD serum level. The mean level of 25OHD in C was 27,83 +/- 10,24 and in E 20,9 ng/ml +/- 10,72. The mean levels in both groups had statistic significant difference with p-value < 0,05. According to age no statistic significant difference was found in both of the groups. There was a statisticaly significant decreased serum level of 25 OHD in asthmatic females.In the examined group (children with asthma) there was a negative linear correlation (association) of the level of 25OHD and total IgE serum level with r=- 0,55  Vitamin D serum level measurements in asthma patients gives the possibility for discovering the connection between its deficiency and development of asthma symptoms.

Motor development in children with congenital cardiac diseases compared to their healthy peers

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens ◽  
Sigrid Dordel ◽  
Sabine Schickendantz ◽  
Constanze Krumm ◽  
Daniel Bott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
Coordination Test ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

AbstractTheir perceptual and motor experiences determine the physical and motor development of children, and impact also on their emotional, psychosocial, and cognitive development. Our aim, therefore, was to evaluate motor development in children with congenitally malformed hearts compared to their healthy peers.We compared 194 children, with a mean age of 10.0 years, and standard deviation of 2.7 years, representing the entire spectrum of congenital cardiac disease, to a control group of 455 healthy children, having a mean age 9.6 years, with standard deviation of 2.17 years. The bodily coordination test for children was used to examine motor development.Of the children with congenitally malformed hearts, 26.8% showed moderate, and 31.9% had severe disturbances of motor development, compared to 16.5% and 5.5% of the control group, the p-value for these differences being less than 0.001. The mean motor quotient adjusted for age and gender was lower in the children with congenitally malformed hearts than in their healthy peers, at 79.6, with standard deviation of 18.9 as opposed to 96.6, with standard deviation of 15, this difference having a p-value of less than 0.001. Depending on the presence, and/or the degree, of residual sequels, the children with congenitally malformed hearts were divided into two subgroups, with either no or mild residual sequels, or with significant sequels. The mean motor quotient was lower in those with significant residual sequels, at 75, with standard deviation of 19.3, as opposed to 83, with standard deviation of 17.9, the p-value for this difference being less than 0.01. In both subgroups, the mean motor quotient was lower, with a p-value of less than 0.01, than in the control group.Our findings show that children with congenitally malformed hearts have deficits in their motor development, these being found in the presence of no or mild sequels, as well as with significant residual sequels. Parental overprotection may contribute to these findings.

The frequency of anemia in children with atopic diseases in the maternity and children teaching hospital in AL-Diwanyia city

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mugar AL-Shamsi ◽  
Marwan Salih Charikh AL-Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Significant Difference

Atopic diseases are linked with chronic inflammations,avoidance of food that cause allergy,and uses of systemic immunosuppressant medications.All these factors have been shown to increase the frequency of anemia.To investigate the frequency of anemia in children with atopic diseases.In this case control study a total 200 children were involved in this study. They are attending the maternity and children teaching hospital in AL-Diwanyia city. One hundred children are presented with atopic disease (case data) and another one hundred as healthy children (control data). The age of children are ranged from (0.5 year to 14 years). Analysis of the data was conducted from 1st of Feb. 2016 to 1st of Sept. 2016. Complete blood count and blood film were done for all children.In current study we foundthat the frequency of anemia is high among children with atopic disorders than in healthy children,there was a significant difference found in themean Hb levels betweenatopic cases (11.12 ± 1.22 g/dl) and control cases (12.14 ± 1.09 g/dl) (P=0.001). Also In current study the asthma is associated with higher frequency of anemia (P-value=0.007) among other atopic disorders as defined by laboratory results. Whereas eczema,hay fever,and food allergy are not linked with anemia generally. There were statistically significant differences between atopic diseases and controls group with respects to the body mass index (BMI) (P=0.001),family history (P=0.002) and consanguinity (P=0.001).This study shows the frequency of anemia was significantly higher in children with atopic diseases compared with healthy children.

scholarly journals Kinetic and Cross-Sectional Studies on the Genesis of Hypoargininemia in Severe PediatricPlasmodium falciparumMalaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Rubach ◽  
Haoyue Zhang ◽  
Salvatore M. Florence ◽  
Jackson P. Mukemba ◽  
Ayam R. Kalingonji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria

ABSTRACTThe low bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and its precursor, arginine, contributes to the microvascular pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria. To better characterize the mechanisms underlying hypoargininemia in severe malaria, we measured the plasma concentrations of amino acids involved inde novoarginine synthesis in children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (UM;n = 61), children with cerebral falciparum malaria (CM;n = 45), and healthy children (HC;n = 109). We also administered primed infusions ofl-arginine uniformly labeled with13C6and15N4to 8 children with severe falciparum malaria (SM; age range, 4 to 9 years) and 7 healthy children (HC; age range, 4 to 8 years) to measure the metabolic flux of arginine, hypothesizing that arginine flux is increased in SM. Using two different tandem mass spectrometric methods, we measured the isotopic enrichment of arginine in plasma obtained at 0, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min during the infusion. The plasma concentrations of glutamine, glutamate, proline, ornithine, citrulline, and arginine were significantly lower in UM and CM than in HC (P ≤ 0.04 for all pairwise comparisons). Of these, glutamine concentrations were the most markedly decreased: median, 457 μM (interquartile range [IQR], 400 to 508 μM) in HC, 300 μM (IQR, 256 to 365 μM) in UM, and 257 μM (IQR, 195 to 320 μM) in CM. Arginine flux during steady state was not significantly different in SM than in HC by the respective mass spectrometric methods: 93.2 μmol/h/kg of body weight (IQR, 84.4 to 129.3 μmol/h/kg) versus 88.0 μmol/h/kg (IQR, 73.0 to 102.2 μmol/h/kg) (P = 0.247) by the two mass spectrometric methods in SM and 93.7 μmol/h/kg (IQR, 79.1 to 117.8 μmol/h/kg) versus 81.0 μmol/h/kg (IQR, 75.9 to 88.6 μmol/h/kg) (P = 0.165) by the two mass spectrometric methods in HC. A limited supply of amino acid precursors for arginine synthesis likely contributes to the hypoargininemia and NO insufficiency in falciparum malaria in children.

scholarly journals Quinine Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationships in Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 3458-3463 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pukrittayakamee ◽  
S. Wanwimolruk ◽  
K. Stepniewska ◽  
A. Jantra ◽  
S. Huyakorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time ◽  
Fever Clearance Time ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The relationships between the pharmacokinetic properties of quinine during a 7-day treatment course and the therapeutic response were studied in 30 adult patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria monitored for ≥28 days. All patients received a 7-day oral quinine regimen either alone (n = 22) or in combination with rifampin (n = 8). The median fever clearance time was 58.5 h, and the mean ± standard deviation parasite clearance time was 73 ± 24 h. After recovery, six patients had recrudescences of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and seven had delayed appearances of P. vivax infection between days 16 and 23. Between the patients with and without recrudescences, there were no significant differences either in fever clearance time or parasite clearance time or in the overall pharmacokinetics of quinine and 3-hydroxyquinine. Patients for whom the area under the concentration-time curve from 3 to 7 days for quinine in plasma was <20 μg · day/ml had a relative risk of 5.3 (95% confidence interval = 1.6 to 17.7) of having a subsequent recrudescence of infection (P = 0.016). Modeling of these data suggested an average minimum parasiticidal concentration of quinine in plasma of 3.4 μg/ml and an MIC of 0.7 μg/ml for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Thailand. To ensure a cure, the minimum parasiticidal concentration must be exceeded during four asexual cycles (>6 days).

scholarly journals Comparison of Oral Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin Antimalarial Bioavailabilities in Acute Falciparum Malaria

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Newton ◽  
Michele van Vugt ◽  
Paktiya Teja-Isavadharm ◽  
Duangsuda Siriyanonda ◽  
Maneerat Rasameesoroj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Plasma antimalarial activity following oral artesunate or dihydroartemisinin (DHA) treatment was measured by a bioassay in 18 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The mean antimalarial activity in terms of the bioavailability of DHA relative to that of artesunate did not differ significantly from 1, suggesting that DHA can be formulated to be an acceptable oral alternative to artesunate.

Delayed Parasite Clearance Rates and Low Clinical and Parasitological Responses Following Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria With Artemether-lumefantrine in Ethiopian- Sudan Border, Western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
geletta Tadele Leta ◽  
Fatou Kene Jaiteh ◽  
Mary oboh mary ◽  
Sisay dhugassa Lemma ◽  
Alfred Amambua Ngwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Al Treatment

Abstract BackgroundThe appearance of artemisinin-resistant parasites in Africa is catastrophic as many cases and deaths from malaria are usually reported in the continent. This study was the first to evaluate the status of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) efficacy, seventeen years after the introduction of this drug in the study area. This study aimed to assess PCR- corrected clinical and parasitological responses at 28 days following AL treatment.MethodsSixty uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients were enrolled, treated with standard doses of AL, and monitored for 28 days with clinical and parasitological assessments from September 15 to December 15, 2020. Molecular analysis was done on dried blood spots collected from each patient from day 0 and on follow-up days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions were done using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. A p-value of less or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsSixty patients enrolled in the study, ten were lost to follow-up; and the results were analyzed for 50 patients. All of the patients were fever-free on day 3. But, two patients febrile on day 1 became febrile on day 7 of the follow-up period. Day 3 parasites positivity rate was zero and 60 % using microscopy and PCR, respectively. Parasite clearance on day 3 was more among patients ≥ 15 years as compared with < 15 years (AOR= 6.71, P=0.021). 14 of 50 patients tested were parasite positive on day 7 by PCR. In addition, 7 patients had persisted parasitemia by PCR from day 0 to day 28 of the follow-up. The PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) rate was 59.2 %. PCR adjusted AL treatment failures was 40.8% and it was noted as 0 early treatment failure, 10.2% late clinical failures, and 30.6% late parasitological failures. Recrudescence and new infection rate within 28 days was7/50(14%) and1/50 (2%) respectively.Conclusionartemisinin resistance is suspected in the study area as parasite positivity rate on day 3 was greater than 10%. A slow parasitological clearance was followed by low-density parasitemia persistence and recrudescences. AL treatment failure was greater than the 10% threshold for treatments in use as per WHO. These findings suggest probably a decreased sensitivity of the parasite for the artemisinin component and the partner drug and highlight the need for prompt reassessment of the efficacy of AL and other factors that may contribute to low parasite susceptibility to the drug.

scholarly journals Evaluating QT dispersion in children with syncope attacks

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Movahedian ◽  
Ali Mohammad Shakiba ◽  
Mojtaba Sehat ◽  
Maryam Sadat Razavi ◽  
Marzieh Heydarzadeh Arani
Keyword(s):  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background and Aims: Syncope is due to brain dysfunction and is a common compliant among children. It accounts for almost 3% of all emergency departments (ED) visits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the QT dispersion in children with syncope in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan in 2014.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed among 50 children with syncope attacks (case group) referred to the Clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan during 2014 and 50 healthy children (control group) referred to the center for causes such as a cold or developmental examination. ECG was taken and QT, QTd (QT dispersion), QTc (Corrected QT interval) and QTcd (QTmin-QTmax =QT dispersion) intervals were studied. After proper explanation to the parents, data was obtained from the case and control group and was analyzed using Chisquare, Mann-Whitney, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Levene›s, Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests.Results: Total, there were 100 children in the study, the participants were divided into two groups of case (n=50) and control (n=50). Among the studied children, a total of 46 of them (46%) were boys. The mean age range of children in the case and control groups were 7.73± 2.33 and 8.09± 2.31 years, respectively (P-value 0.440). The mean QTmax, QTcmax, QTd and QTcd in the case group were 348.80 ± 46.93, 464.94±48.71, 47.80±19.72, 68.36±24.59 ms (millisecond) respectively and 305.28 ±35.52, 395.70 ±50.05, 29.68±13.45, and 45.16±24.46 ms respectively in the control group. There was a significant difference in terms of each of the 4 parameters (P <0.001), and the value of indices in the control group was significantly less than that of the patient group.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the QTd and QTcd values in the children with syncope attacks were higher than those in the control group. Therefore, precise ECG examination in children suspected of syncope attacks can be helpful in confirming the incidence of syncope. Additionally, the recurrence of attacks can also be predicted in children with higher QTd and QTcd values.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP MELALUI LOGOTERAPI PADA KLIEN YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Abdul Wakhid ◽  
Ana Puji Astuti ◽  
Maya Kurnia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Logoterapi merupakan terapi untuk menemukan makna positif dibalik sebuah kejadian yang tidak diharapkan. Logoterapi dilaksanakan secara individu maupun berkelompok dalam bentuk konseling dan berorientasi pada pencarian makna hidup individu. Tujuan logoterapi meningkatkan makna pengalaman hidup individu yang diarahkan kepada pengambilan keputusan yang bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan pre-experiment dengan metode pre and post test group, artinya pengumpulan data dilakukan terhadap responden untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling yaitu pengambilan seluruh sampel dengan tetap memperhatikan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Jumlah pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Ungaran sebanyak 21 orang dan di RSUD Ambarawa sebanyak 25 pasien. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t test dependent. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 60.22 dengan skor terrendah 55 dan skor tertinggi 69. Bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 88.72 dengan skor terrendah 79 dan skor tertinggi 103. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji t test dependent diketahui ada pengaruh logoterapi terhadap kemampuan memaknai hidup pada klien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Kabupaten Semarang (p value: 0,0001). Saran perlunya peningkatan kemampuan perawat dalam memberikan layanan kesehatan termasuk pemberian atau pemanduan penemuan makna hidup bagi pasien hemodialysis, agar selain dengan hemodialysis, ada faktor internal dari pasien yang dapat dijadikan sebagai motivasi untuk sembuh dari penyakit.   Kata Kunci: Logoterapi, kualitas hidup   IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE WHO UNDERWENT HEMODIALYSIS   ABSTRACT Logotherapy is a therapy to discover the positive meaning behind an unexpected event. Logotherapy is carried out individually or in groups in the form of counseling and oriented to the search for the meaning of individual life. This study aims to improve the quality of life of patients with renal failure who underwent hemodialysis. This research was conducted by using pre-experiment with pre-post test study. The sampling technique was done by the convenience sampling. The number of patients undergoing hemodialysis as many as 46 respondents. Data analysis was done by using test t test dependent. The result showed that from 46 respondents got the mean of quality of life of patients who had hemodialysis 60.22 with lowest score 55 and highest score 69. Whereas from 46 respondents got the mean score of life quality of patients who had hemodialysis 88.72 with score the lowest score 79 and the highest score 103. The result of statistical test with t test dependent is known there is influence of logoterapi to the ability of meaningful life on client who undergo hemodialysis at Semarang Regency hospitals (p value: 0.0001). Advice on the need to improve the nurse's ability to provide health services, including the provision or guidance of the discovery of the meaning of life for hemodialysis patients, in addition to hemodialysis, there are internal factors of the patient that can be used as a motivation to recover from illness.   Keywords: Logotherapy, quality of life, kidney failure.  

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