scholarly journals Hazai és nemzetközi trendek az olvasásnépszerűsítés terén

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Radics
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Digital World ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Library Use ◽  
On Line ◽  
Library Profession

Reading, either in the traditional or digital form is a concern, whose importance today’s youth must be aware of. The representative national reading surveys of 2017 and 2019 of reading and library use habits carried out within the framework of the My library project demonstrated the declining popularity of reading. Furthermore, results of international reading comprehension surveys, especially the PISA tests pertaining to the specific ability of Hungarian students confirm this tendency. What can be done? What methods can we use to promote reading for the youth of the digital world? Programs popularizing reading can give potential answers. Since libraries play a significant role and they are perhaps the most influential in popularizing reading the opinion of the library profession related to these programs should be explored. In my presentation I compare domestic and international trends related to the popularization of reading. I will also introduce the results of an on-line questionnaire-based survey concerning the library profession’s views on the efficiency of such programs along with discussing the potential role of libraries and the expectations for the future.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Plasmalogens in the Modulation of Biomembrane Morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria A. Almsherqi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Vinyl Ether ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Membrane Transformation

Plasmalogens are a subclass of cell membrane glycerophospholipids that typically include vinyl- ether bond at the sn-1 position and polyunsaturated fatty acid at the sn-2 position. They are highly abundant in the neuronal, immune, and cardiovascular cell membranes. Despite the abundance of plasmalogens in a plethora of cells, tissues, and organs, the role of plasmalogens remains unclear. Plasmalogens are required for the proper function of integral membrane proteins, lipid rafts, cell signaling, and differentiation. More importantly, plasmalogens play a crucial role in the cell as an endogenous antioxidant that protects the cell membrane components such as phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids, and lipoproteins from oxidative stress. The incorporation of vinyl-ether linked with alkyl chains in phospholipids alter the physicochemical properties (e.g., the hydrophilicity of the headgroup), packing density, and conformational order of the phospholipids within the biomembranes. Thus, plasmalogens play a significant role in determining the physical and chemical properties of the biomembrane such as its fluidity, thickness, and lateral pressure of the biomembrane. Insights on the important structural and functional properties of plasmalogens may help us to understand the molecular mechanism of membrane transformation, vesicle formation, and vesicular fusion, especially at the synaptic vesicles where plasmalogens are rich and essential for neuronal function. Although many aspects of plasmalogen phospholipid involvement in membrane transformation identified through in vitro experiments and membrane mimic systems, remain to be confirmed in vivo, the compiled data show many intriguing properties of vinyl-ether bonded lipids that may play a significant role in the structural and morphological changes of the biomembranes. In this review, we present the current limited knowledge of the emerging potential role of plasmalogens as a modulator of the biomembrane morphology.

Modifier Attachment in Sentence Parsing: Evidence from Dutch

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 664-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Brysbaert ◽  
Don C. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Garden Path ◽  
Corpus Studies ◽  
On Line

Current theories of parsing suggest a wide variety of mechanisms by which modifiers, such as relative clauses, may be related to constituents that offer more than one potential attachment site. Some, like the tuning hypothesis, are based on the premise that people's parsing performance is shaped by prior exposure to language. Others (e.g. garden-path theory and construal theory) play down any potential role of past linguistic experience, stressing instead the varying influences of structural characteristics of the sentence in question. The two views encourage differing expectations about cross-linguistic variation in parsing preference. A questionnaire study and two on-line experiments were carried out to investigate attachment preferences in Dutch. The results pose a number of problems for the majority of the existing parsing models and are clearly inconsistent with some of the traditional theories. In contrast, the findings are compatible with models incorporating parsing mechanisms that are tuned by language experience. The results highlight the need for further corpus studies to subject these accounts to more searching scrutiny.

scholarly journals ONLINE FUNCTIONAL LITERACY, INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
Kosta Dolenc ◽  
Boris Aberšek ◽  
Metka Kordigel Aberšek
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Intelligent Tutoring Systems ◽  
Intelligent Tutoring ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Tutoring Systems ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
On Line ◽  
Print Reading

We live in a time of transition from print reading (off-line) to screen reading (on-line), where the role of the book and other literature is being taken over by different types of electronic devices (computers, tablets, smart phones). In the lives of young people, there is less and less printed media, because it is being pushed out by electronic media. Most written media that is still used is thus bound to the classroom. However, in recent years schools have also become more like e-schools. It is almost impossible to find a school that does not use e-material in its educational process. Research indicates that there are differences in reading comprehension when reading off-line and on-line. In a study in which 78 students from the 8th grade of elementary school participated at the course Technology and science (n=77; 53.2% female), it was shown that in order to overcome this difference, individualised and adaptive Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) can be used. The evaluation of the results also indicates that, for such a form of ITS, there is still plenty of space for optimisation, which is a permanent method of improvement and upgrade in such systems. Key words: reading comprehension, Technology and science, ITS, elementary school.

scholarly journals The computational challenge of lattice chiral symmetry - Is it worth the expense?

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 06034
Author(s):  
Adam Virgili ◽  
Waseem Kamleh ◽  
Derek Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Lattice Qcd ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Roper Resonance ◽  
Nucleon Spectrum ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
The Subject

The origin of the low-lying position of the Roper resonance in the nucleon energy spectrum has been the subject of significant interest for many years, including several investigations using lattice QCD. It has been claimed that chiral symmetry plays an important role in our understanding of this resonance. We present results from our systematic examination of the potential role of chiral symmetry in the low-lying nucleon spectrum through the direct comparison of the clover and overlap fermion actions. After a brief summary of the background motivation, we specify the computational details of the study and outline our comparison methodologies. We do not find any evidence supporting the claim that chiral symmetry plays a significant role in understanding the Roper resonance on the lattice.

scholarly journals Luminous Blue Variables & Mass Loss near the Eddington Limit

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S250) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Stan Owocki ◽  
Allard Jan van Marle
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Luminous Blue Variables ◽  
Flow Stagnation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Eddington Limit ◽  
Luminous Blue Variable

AbstractDuring the course of their evolution, massive stars lose a substantial fraction of their initial mass, both through steady winds and through relatively brief eruptions during their Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) phase. This talk reviews the dynamical driving of this mass loss, contrasting the line-driving of steady winds to the potential role of continuum driving for eruptions during LBV episodes when the star exceeds the Eddington limit. A key theme is to emphasize the inherent limits that self-shadowing places on line-driven mass loss rates, whereas continuum driving can in principle drive mass up to the “photon-tiring” limit, for which the energy to lift the wind becomes equal to the stellar luminosity. We review how the “porosity” of a highly clumped atmosphere can regulate continuum-driven mass loss, but also discuss recent time-dependent simulations of how base mass flux that exceeds the tiring limit can lead to flow stagnation and a complex, time-dependent combination of inflow and outflow regions. A general result is thus that porosity-mediated continuum driving in super-Eddington phases can explain the large, near tiring-limit mass loss inferred for LBV giant eruptions.

scholarly journals Saving-investment Behaviour in Pakistan: An Empirical Investigation

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (4II) ◽  
pp. 665-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Nasir ◽  
Mahmood Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Macro Variables ◽  
Micro Foundations ◽  
Investment Behaviour

Saving and investment are two key macro variables with micro foundations which can play a significant role in economic growth, inflation stability and promotion of employment especially if seen in the context of a developing country. For self-reliance and growth objectives, mobilisation of domestic resources and their efficient utilisation are the two major policy oriented focuses today [Khan (1993)]. National savings are critically important to help maintain a higher level of investment which is a key determinant for economic uplift. Thereby, necessitating the analysis of saving-investment behaviour and its determinants for policy implications; this is a demanding area because of continuing debate on the potential role of their determinants.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

The Effect of Path Length and Display Size on Memory for Spatial Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Guérard ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Path Length ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
Serial Memory ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
A Minor

In serial memory for spatial information, some studies showed that recall performance suffers when the distance between successive locations increases relatively to the size of the display in which they are presented (the path length effect; e.g., Parmentier et al., 2005) but not when distance is increased by enlarging the size of the display (e.g., Smyth & Scholey, 1994). In the present study, we examined the effect of varying the absolute and relative distance between to-be-remembered items on memory for spatial information. We manipulated path length using small (15″) and large (64″) screens within the same design. In two experiments, we showed that distance was disruptive mainly when it is varied relatively to a fixed reference frame, though increasing the size of the display also had a small deleterious effect on recall. The insertion of a retention interval did not influence these effects, suggesting that rehearsal plays a minor role in mediating the effects of distance on serial spatial memory. We discuss the potential role of perceptual organization in light of the pattern of results.

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