scholarly journals Dolichospermum lemmermannii (Nostocales) bloom in world s deepest Lake Baikal (East Siberia): abundance, toxicity and factors influencing growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1101-1110
Author(s):  
N.A. Bondarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Tomberg ◽  
A.A. Shirokaya ◽  
O.I. Belykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
State University ◽  
Nearshore Zone ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
East Siberia ◽  
Excessive Proliferation ◽  
Heavy Rains

Abstract. Mass development of the cyanobacteria Dolichospermum (D. lemmermannii as the dominant species) was reported in the coastal zone of Bol shye Koty Bay (western coast of the southern basin), towards the end of July to the beginning of August in 2019. Blooms were observed as 1 1.5-m wide bands adjoining the shoreline and stretched uninterrupted over 2 km. Abundance of cyanobacteria in blooms varied within 7.2 71.9 thousand cell mL-1, with 0.73 7.20 g m-3 biomass attained. Maximal concentration was observed opposite the biological station of Irkutsk State University, a frequently visited place that was hosting participants of several conferences at that time. Hydrochemical analysis of samples collected four days after continuous heavy rains showed much higher concentrations of nutrients in contrast with the data obtained a week before (24 July), which is normal for that season. Nutrient concentrations were elevated relative to long term averages by 3 to 30 fold: with phosphate concentrations up to 0.200 mg L-1, ammonium ions 0.29 mg L-1, and nitrates 0.31 mg L-1. Possible reasons for the harmful freshwater cyanobacterial bloom that is unusual for this part of the lake are discussed. Excessive proliferation of common cyanobacteria D. lemmermannii in the open lake areas was affected by several factors: long-lasting heavy rains, zero wind, high air (from 13 15 at night to 29 in daytime) and water temperatures (from 15 to 19.2 ); and absence of isolated septic tanks in the nearshore zone.

scholarly journals Bacterial Communities and Enzymatic Activities in Sediments of Long-Term Fish and Crab Aquaculture Ponds

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
Qinghui Deng ◽  
Lingling Wan ◽  
Xiuyun Cao ◽  
Yiyong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Mitten Crab ◽  
Aquaculture Ponds ◽  
Pond Sediments ◽  
Sediment Ph

Aquaculture is among the most important and fastest growing agriculture sectors worldwide; however, it generates environmental impacts by introducing nutrient accumulations in ponds, which are possibly different and further result in complex biological processes in the sediments based on diverse farming practices. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term farming practices of representative aquatic animals dominated by grass carp (GC, Ctenopharyngodon idella) or Chinese mitten crab (CMC, Eriocheir sinensis) on the bacterial community and enzyme activity of sediments from more than 15 years of aquaculture ponds, and the differences associated with sediment properties were explored in the two farming practices. Compared to CMC ponds, GC ponds had lower contents of TC, TN, and TP in sediments, and similar trends for sediment pH and moisture content. Sediment bacterial communities were significantly different between GC and CMC ponds, with higher bacterial richness and diversity in GC ponds. The bacterial communities among the pond sediments were closely associated with sediment pH, TC, and TN. Additionally, the results showed profoundly lower activities of β-1,4-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and phosphatase in the sediments of GC ponds than CMC ponds. Pearson’s correlation analysis further revealed strong positive correlations between the hydrolytic enzyme activities and nutrient concentrations among the aquaculture ponds, indicating microbial enzyme regulation response to sediment nutrient dynamics. Our study herein reveals that farming practices of fish and crab differently affect bacterial communities and enzymatic activities in pond sediments, suggesting nutrient-driven sediment biological processes in aquaculture ponds for different farming practices.

scholarly journals Hypermetabolism of glutathione, glutamate and ornithine via redox imbalance in methylglyoxal-induced peritoneal injury rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Hirahara ◽  
Eiji Kusano ◽  
Denan Jin ◽  
Shinji Takai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Peritoneal Fibrosis ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Excessive Proliferation

Abstract Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a blood purification treatment for patients with reduced renal function. However, the peritoneum is exposed to oxidative stress during PD and long-term PD results in peritoneal damage, leading to the termination of PD. Methylglyoxal (MGO) contained in commercial PD fluids is a source of strong oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of MGO-induced peritoneal injury using metabolome analysis in rats. We prepared peritoneal fibrosis rats by intraperitoneal administration of PD fluids containing MGO for 21 days. As a result, MGO-induced excessive proliferation of mesenchymal cells with an accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) at the surface of the thickened peritoneum in rats. The effluent levels of methionine sulfoxide, an oxidative stress marker and glutathione peroxidase activity were increased in the MGO-treated rats. The levels of glutathione, glutamate, aspartate, ornithine and AGEs were also increased in these rats. MGO upregulated the gene expression of transporters and enzymes related to the metabolism of glutathione, glutamate and ornithine in the peritoneum. These results suggest that MGO may induce peritoneal injury with mesenchymal cell proliferation via increased redox metabolism, directly or through the formation of AGEs during PD.

Nutrient cycling differs between cropped soils with century-old and recently pyrolyzed biochar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Burgeon ◽  
Julien Fouché ◽  
Sarah Garré ◽  
Ramin Heidarian-Dehkordi ◽  
Gilles Colinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

<p>The amendment of biochar to soils is often considered for its potential as a climate change mitigation and adaptation tool through agriculture. Its presence in tropical agroecosystems has been reported to positively impact soil productivity whilst successfully storing C on the short and long-term. In temperate systems, recent research showed limited to no effect on productivity following recent biochar addition to soils. Its long-term effects on productivity and nutrient cycling have, however, been overlooked yet are essential before the use of biochar can be generalized.</p><p>Our study was set up in a conventionally cropped field, containing relict charcoal kiln sites used as a model for century old biochar (CoBC, ~220 years old). These sites were compared to soils amended with recently pyrolyzed biochar (YBC) and biochar free soils (REF) to study nutrient dynamics in the soil-water-plant system. Our research focused on soil chemical properties, crop nutrient uptake and soil solution nutrient concentrations. Crop plant samples were collected over three consecutive land occupations (chicory, winter wheat and a cover crop) and soil solutions gathered through the use of suctions cups inserted in different horizons of the studied Luvisol throughout the field.</p><p>Our results showed that YBC mainly influenced the soil solution composition whereas CoBC mainly impacted the total and plant available soil nutrient content. In soils with YBC, our results showed lower nitrate and potassium concentrations in subsoil horizons, suggesting a decreased leaching, and higher phosphate concentrations in topsoil horizons. With time and the oxidation of biochar particles, our results reported higher total soil N, available K and Ca in the topsoil horizon when compared to REF, whereas available P was significantly smaller. Although significant changes occurred in terms of plant available nutrient contents and soil solution nutrient concentrations, this did not transcend in variations in crop productivity between soils for neither of the studied crops. Overall, our study highlights that young or aged biochar behave as two distinct products in terms of nutrient cycling in soils. As such the sustainability of these soils differ and their management must therefore evolve with time.</p>

Dry deposition of ammonia gas drives species change faster than wet deposition of ammonium ions: evidence from a long-term field manipulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3589-3607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy J. Sheppard ◽  
Ian D. Leith ◽  
Toshie Mizunuma ◽  
John Neil Cape ◽  
Alan Crossley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Species Change ◽  
Field Manipulation ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary Research of Sites and Materials of the Baraba Forest-Steppe in Holocene: To the 45th Anniversary of the West-Siberian Archaeological Detachment of the SB RAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 18-43
Author(s):  
L. N. Mylnikova ◽  
L. S. Kobeleva ◽  
M. S. Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State University ◽  
The West ◽  
45Th Anniversary ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Almost All

Purpose. We show the main directions of work of the West Siberian archaeological detachment (team) of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, demonstrate the methods used and present the results and the possibilities of their interpretation. Results. In 2018, the West Siberian archaeological detachment celebrates the 45th anniversary of its formation. The long-term head of the team is academician V. I. Molodin. All studies are carried out within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach starting from the search for archaeological objects (sites Tartas-1, Vengerovo-2, -2A, -6, Staryi Tartas-5, Ust’-Tartas-1,-2; Chicha-1, Vengerovo-6 and others) to their laboratory investigation. We widely apply a range of analytical methods in all of our activities including almost all stages of research: from the search for archaeological sites to their processing in close cooperation with various scientists. We collaborate with specialists from the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; the Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; the Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; the Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia; the Center of Collective Use (CCU) “Geochronology of Cenozoic”, Novosibirsk, Russia; Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilian Munich Institute, Munich, Germany; the Center of Archaeology of Kurt Engelhorn, Mannheim, Germany and others. Conсlusion. Studies of the West Siberian archaeological detachment, which were carried out over the recent two decades, have provided new data that develop existing points of view, clarify existing concepts or allow to build new concepts of historical and cultural processes. It is obvious that the modern paradigm of science requires participation of specialists in natural sciences at all stages of archaeological research.

scholarly journals From Disaster to Resilience

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Perkes ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Community Design ◽  
Design Studio ◽  
Mississippi State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
Mississippi Gulf Coast

What is changing in the world so that the word “resilience” is so frequently used? 2015 marks the ten year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina and the five year anniversary of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. The Gulf Coast Community Design Studio has been working on the Mississippi Gulf Coast since Hurricane Katrina and their work provides the vantage point of this paper. The Gulf Coast Community Design Studio is an off-campus research and service center of Mississippi State University College of Architecture, Art and Design located in Biloxi, Mississippi. It was created to respond to Hurricane Katrina and has evolved from disaster response to long-term efforts of resilience. The design studio’s evolution is not an isolated story. It is part of a national move toward resilience.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Decadal Variability of Atmosphere Pressure in Arctic, its Statistical and Temporal Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Константин Павлович Беляев ◽  
Гурий Михайлович Михайлов ◽  
Алексей Николаевич Сальников ◽  
Наталия Павловна Тучкова
Keyword(s):  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
State University ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Geophysical Interpretation ◽  
The Given

The paper analyzes the statistical and temporal seasonal and decadal variability of the atmospheric pressure field in the Arctic region of Russia. Schemes for the frequency analysis of probability transitions for characteristics of stochastic-diffusion processes were used as the main research method. On the basis of the given series of 60 years long from 1948 to 2008, such parameters of diffusion processes as the mean (drift process) and variance (diffusion process) were calculated and their maps and time curves were constructed. The seasonal and long-term variability of calculated fields was studied as well as their dependencies on a discretization of the frequency intervals. These characteristics were analyzed and their geophysical interpretation was carried out. In particular, the known cycles of solar activity in 11 and 22 years were revealed. Numerical calculations were performed on the Lomonosov-2 supercomputer of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of Stationary Phase in the Marine Bacterium “Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique”

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (13) ◽  
pp. 4091-4100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Sowell ◽  
Angela D. Norbeck ◽  
Mary S. Lipton ◽  
Carrie D. Nicora ◽  
Stephen J. Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Capillary Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Candidatus Pelagibacter Ubique

ABSTRACT “Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique,” an abundant marine alphaproteobacterium, subsists in nature at low ambient nutrient concentrations and may often be exposed to nutrient limitation, but its genome reveals no evidence of global regulatory mechanisms for adaptation to stationary phase. High-resolution capillary liquid chromatography coupled online to an LTQ mass spectrometer was used to build an accurate mass and time (AMT) tag library that enabled quantitative examination of proteomic differences between exponential- and stationary-phase “Ca. Pelagibacter ubique” cells cultivated in a seawater medium. The AMT tag library represented 65% of the predicted protein-encoding genes. “Ca. Pelagibacter ubique” appears to respond adaptively to stationary phase by increasing the abundance of a suite of proteins that contribute to homeostasis rather than undergoing a major remodeling of its proteome. Stationary-phase abundances increased significantly for OsmC and thioredoxin reductase, which may mitigate oxidative damage in “Ca. Pelagibacter,” as well as for molecular chaperones, enzymes involved in methionine and cysteine biosynthesis, proteins involved in ρ-dependent transcription termination, and the signal transduction enzyme CheY-FisH. We speculate that this limited response may enable “Ca. Pelagibacter ubique” to cope with ambient conditions that deprive it of nutrients for short periods and, furthermore, that the ability to resume growth overrides the need for a more comprehensive global stationary-phase response to create a capacity for long-term survival.

scholarly journals Impact of Television Advertisement on Undergraduate Students’ Purchase Decision on Indomie Noodles

2018 ◽  
pp. p27
Author(s):  
Ikechukwu Favour C ◽  
Agu Godswill Agu
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Target Market ◽  
State University ◽  
Television Advertisement ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study surveys undergraduate students’ views on the effect of television advertisement on their purchase of indomie noodles. 392 respondents, drawn from the Business Administration unit of Abia State University were studied. The structured questionnaire was administered on the select respondents. The SPSS version 20 students t-test was used to test stated hypotheses. Finding disclosed that television advertising has a significant influence on students’ preference, patronage and repeat purchase of indomie noodles. The study recommends that Advertising messages should be clear, credible and precise so that the target market will not give different meanings to it and that noodles marketers should see television advertising as a long-term investment into the life of products and not be discouraged by the early, immediate low returns of advertisements.

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