scholarly journals A Relational View of Pastoral (im)mobilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227
Author(s):  
Natasha Maru
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Western India ◽  
Relational View ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Many

Pitched against the apparently more civilised and modern 'settled' folk, pastoralists have historically been penalised for the seemingly primitive and outdated practice of mobility. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in western India, this article challenges this reductive dichotomy and unpacks the many (im)mobilities produced, accessed, experienced and imagined by pastoralists. Adopting a relational lens, it shows how mobilities and immobilities co-constitute and are contingent on each other across social, geographical and temporal scales. Embedded within their own social and political history, the many forms of (im)mobilities can not only ontologically dispel the homogenizing effects of rigid typologies, but also but also practically offer pastoralists the capacity to adapt to changing times.

Land Rent, Peasant Migration, and Political Power in Yao Cun, 1911–1937

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Thaxton
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Political History ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Village

In April of 1980 I was received by the Henan Province History Research Institute of the Henan Province Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to begin the first systematic oral political history project on peasant revolution in modern China. The focus of this project is on the problems of livelihood faced by the peasants of Lin county and several other counties in the pre-Liberation period, roughly 1911–49. In May I began an investigation of the history of rural Lin county and the village of Yao Cun, Lin county, Henan. In this essay I will sketch the general social and political history of Yao village in Republican years, and then draw from my preliminary field research to explain the relationship between land rent, the impoverishment of peasant smallholders, and political power in pre-Liberation China in one North China village. This relationship has received minimal emphasis in the literature on peasantry and change in pre-1949 China. One of the many reasons for this has been the tendency of past scholarship to stress the critically important role of the ‘middle peasant village’ in the Chinese revolution. The evidence from Yao cun offers a slight qualification of this middle peasant thesis.

Reactions, Reflections, and Renewal

2019 ◽  
pp. 452-470
Author(s):  
Stephen Crump
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Common ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Many

This chapter draws together the arguments, ideas, concepts, recommendations, case studies, and empirical data provided in the preceding chapters built on and around the conceptual framework set up in the first two chapters. The chapter does not attempt to replicate or repeat the many and varied points of view expressed in the detailed and informative work of the author contributions but rather to be summative, reflective, and forward-looking. This handbook has observed that modern times are hard times, changing times, where enactments in higher education have never been more crucial, nor more closely watched. The handbook also argues for critical thinking, for diversity, for social and economic progress as cornerstones of innovation and renewal, thus survival, of the vibrant but troubled ecosystem universities have become. In looking for solutions, reflecting back to when the common and public good was also a cornerstone of why universities existed, helps re-justify their elevated place in all social systems.

scholarly journals Commercial Counterhistory: Remapping the Movement inLee Daniels’ The Butler

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-446
Author(s):  
LEIGH ANNE DUCK
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Political History ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
The Past ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Iconic Images ◽  
The Many

Lee Daniels’ The Butler(2013) might seem an unlikely candidate for intervening in Hollywood's civil rights genre, given both its nationalistic ending and its recuperation of iconic styles and images. This paper argues, however, that the film's pastiche interrogates past cinematic tropes for race and space; in this sense, it provescounterhistorical, a term indicating not a lack of accuracy but a commitment to illuminating the role of visual media in shaping contemporary understandings of history and to encouraging fresh perspectives on the past. Examining the many forms of constraint produced by iconic images of black and gendered personhood, the film also takes on the spatial icon with which many of these figures are associated – the southern plantation. Both exposing and challenging the ways in which spectacular accounts of southern racism occlude the geographic and political reach of African American movements against oppression, the film inconsistently insists on the importance of thinking across conventional demarcations of space and time. At these moments, it suggests possibilities for how even commercial cinema might contribute to new conceptions of black political history and possibility.

Roman history and the ideological vacuum

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Roman Republic ◽  
Political History ◽  
Roman History ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concepts Of Democracy ◽  
The Many

For the twentieth century, the political history of Athens was essentially ideological, involving great issues of freedom and tyranny, while that of the Roman Republic was merely a struggle for power, with no significant ideological content. But why should that be? The Romans were perfectly familiar with the concepts and terminology of Greek political philosophy and used them to describe their own politics, as Cicero explains in writing in 56 bc. Not surprisingly. Greek authors who dealt with Roman politics used the concepts of democracy and oligarchy, the rule of the many or the rule of the best, without any sense that it was an inappropriate idiom.

Resources, Capabilities, and Business Success

2012 ◽  
pp. 304-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Simon ◽  
Chloe Bartle
Keyword(s):  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Visionary Leadership ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

Resources and capabilities that align with the demands of the environment in which an organization operates conduce to successful performance. Physical, human, and organizational capital resources that are valuable, rare, inimitable, and organizable can provide the firm with unique capabilities that lead to competitive advantage and value creation. Seven generic strategic capabilities are related to organizational success. These are service quality; visionary leadership; innovation and creativity; selection and retention of good staff with good technical skills; credibility, integrity, and honesty; excellent differentiated products or services; and adaptability and flexibility. Dynamic capabilities are defined generally as the ability of the firm to reconfigure its resources in changing times and thus allow the organization to adapt and evolve. Specific dynamic capabilities include team and product development processes; customer retention; leadership; organizational culture; redeployment of assets; strategic thinking; and knowledge management. Hard and soft business success measures are profitability, growth, improved teamwork, customer and employee satisfaction, and quality. There is very little literature reporting empirical testing of the relationship between resources, capabilities, and success. Thus the authors discuss the findings of the few studies that have done so, and they deduce from them that the relationship between capabilities and success is a complex one. This is because a common thread across all the studies is that many capabilities are linked to many success measures in a complicated matrix of statistically significant relationships. This suggests that in order for organizations to score highly on both financial and non-financial success measures, they need to deploy the many capabilities discussed in this chapter.

Hinduisms and Histories in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Vantine Birkenholtz
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
High Caste ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
Devotional Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Chapter 1 introduces Nepal’s popular Svasthānī tradition: the goddess Svasthānī, the Svasthānīvratakathā text that Nepali Hindus recite annually, and the Svasthānī vrat (ritual vow) that is described in the text and performed annually to honor the goddess. Both Nepal’s Newar Hindus and high-caste (Brahman and Chetri) hill Hindus, Parbatiyās, participate in these devotional practices, and have influenced in different ways the many stories that the Svasthānīvratakathā contains within its pages. The chapter also enumerates the theoretical concerns that fuel the book, such as the tensions between local (Newar) and translocal (Brahmanical Hindu) influences, and the methodology that underpins it. Finally, the chapter maps out in very broad strokes a general political history of Nepal that subsequent chapters in this book reinvigorate with a focused discussion of concurrent religious, sociocultural, literary, and linguistic developments that round out Nepal’s often one-dimensional master political narrative.

scholarly journals About Capital, Socialism and Ideology

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Thomas Piketty
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Abstract In this article, I attempt to briefly clarify a number of issues regarding what I have tried to achieve in my book Capital and Ideology. I also comment on the many limitations behind such a project,whose main objective is to stimulate further research on the global history of inequality regimes, at the intersection of economic, social and political history. Lastly, I address some of the many stimulating points raised in the reviews, particularly regarding the nature of participatory socialism and its incompleteness.

Introduction: The Promises and Challenges of Crime Ethnographies

2021 ◽  
pp. xii-17
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Haggerty ◽  
Sandra M. Bucerius ◽  
Luca Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Positivist Science ◽  
The Many ◽  
Local Variability

This chapter outlines some of the scholarly and political appeals of crime ethnographies and identifies a series of factors that will pose challenges to this methodological approach over the longer term. It briefly charts the early evolution of crime ethnographies, noting how they have expanded to encompass the study of a larger range of criminal or deviant behaviors, while also focusing on the operation of criminal justice institutions. A more diverse group of scholars than was historically the case now conduct such research, individuals who typically embrace a more reflexive orientation to knowledge production than is characteristic of positivist science. Crime ethnographies provide invaluable grounded insights into the lives of participants and processes that are often otherwise hidden or hard to reach. Politically, ethnographies tend to humanize individuals and groups that are easily vilified, while reminding politicians and officials of the need to be conscious of local variability when adopting policy initiatives that originated in different contexts. Notwithstanding the many benefits of this approach, a series of developments now present challenges to crime ethnographies as they are currently practiced, including the changing technological profile of crime, as well as university-based developments, such as changes to the systems for overseeing and rewarding academic work and research ethics protocols that do not accord with the philosophical assumptions of ethnographers or the practical realties of ethnographic fieldwork.

scholarly journals “We Are Peronists, We Are Organic”: Discipline, Authority, and Loyalty in Argentine Populism

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Julia Beth Fierman
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Original Sense ◽  
Juan Peron ◽  
Populist Movements

Since 1945, Argentine politics has been largely defined by Peronism, a populist movement established by General Juan Perón. While the ideology of Peronism has shifted and swerved over its seven-decade history, its central emphasis on loyalty has remained constant. This paper examines the notion of “organicity” (organicidad), a Peronist conception of obedience, to elucidate how populist movements valorize discipline and loyalty in order to unify their ranks around sentiment and ritual in the absence of more stable programmatic positions. The original sense of “organicity”, as Perón developed it in his early writings, equated to strict military notions of discipline, obedience, and insubordination. In other words, Perón understood loyalty as an organic conception of discipline that consisted of both unyielding deference for the leader and unwavering commitment to the Peronist Movement. Yet, at particular moments in Argentine political history, Peronist militants either find organicity and loyalty to be intrinsically incompatible, or vocalize definitions of organicity that seem to question the top-down structure of the movement celebrated in Perón’s writings. As a result, among Peronists there is disagreement over what it means to behave organically and loyally. This article draws on extensive ethnographic fieldwork among Peronist militants to argue that populism’s authoritarian preoccupation with fealty attempts to obscure the internal contradictions that result from its lack of clear ideological commitments. However, an emphasis on loyalty cannot produce eternally harmonious uniformity. As Peronists come to view those holding alternate interpretations of their doctrine as heretical and traitorous, their accusations against their comrades reveal the intrinsic fragility of populist unity.

scholarly journals Feminisms, Fuzzy Sciences, and Interspecies Intersectionalities: The Promises and Perils of Contemporary Dog Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Eugene Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Animal Shelter ◽  
Dog Training ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Many

Tracing histories of interventions in dog training, this paper examines the contemporary divide between "dominance" and "positive reinforcement" training practices. Drawing from writings by scientists and trainers, this article traces the many ways that the doings of much contemporary dog training embody "fuzzy sciences." Examples from ethnographic fieldwork conducted in an animal shelter help demonstrate the ways specific fuzzy sciences of training are feminist, while others are not. The article closes with a consideration of the ways that relationships between humans and animals not only reflect but also shape experiences of race, gender, sexuality, nation, species, and breed, or "interspecies intersectionalities." The article concludes by thinking through the lens of "interspecies intersectionalities" in order to elucidate a promising expansion of the feminist fuzzy sciences of dog training.

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