The Application of Psychology in Literary Creation

Creation of literary is derived from people's thinking activities, which is an art that reflects the inner world of writers with language as the carrier. Psychology is a science that studies the occurrence, development and activity rules of psychological phenomena, as well as a broad subject. With the development of the times and the research of many scholars, the relationship between psychology and literature is more and more obvious, showing the characteristics of mutual interpretation and interdependence. Through the purification theory and psychoanalysis theory in psychology, the author further expounds the importance of psychology in literary research and the application of psychology in modern literary creation.

Aspects of Computable Analysis

<p>Computable analysis has been well studied ever since Turing famously formalised the computable reals and computable real-valued function in 1936. However, analysis is a broad subject, and there still exist areas that have yet to be explored. For instance, Sierpinski proved that every real-valued function ƒ : ℝ → ℝ is the limit of a sequence of Darboux functions. This is an intriguing result, and the complexity of these sequences has been largely unstudied. Similarly, the Blaschke Selection Theorem, closely related to the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem, has great practical importance, but has not been considered from a computability theoretic perspective. The two main contributions of this thesis are: to provide some new, simple proofs of fundamental classical results (highlighting the role of ∏0/1 classes), and to use tools from effective topology to analyse the Darboux property, particularly a result by Sierpinski, and the Blaschke Selection Theorem. This thesis focuses on classical computable analysis. It does not make use of effective measure theory.</p>

Aspects of Computable Analysis

<p>Computable analysis has been well studied ever since Turing famously formalised the computable reals and computable real-valued function in 1936. However, analysis is a broad subject, and there still exist areas that have yet to be explored. For instance, Sierpinski proved that every real-valued function ƒ : ℝ → ℝ is the limit of a sequence of Darboux functions. This is an intriguing result, and the complexity of these sequences has been largely unstudied. Similarly, the Blaschke Selection Theorem, closely related to the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem, has great practical importance, but has not been considered from a computability theoretic perspective. The two main contributions of this thesis are: to provide some new, simple proofs of fundamental classical results (highlighting the role of ∏0/1 classes), and to use tools from effective topology to analyse the Darboux property, particularly a result by Sierpinski, and the Blaschke Selection Theorem. This thesis focuses on classical computable analysis. It does not make use of effective measure theory.</p>

A bibliometric analysis of Halal and Islamic tourism

PurposeHalal and Islamic tourism is gaining attention in the tourism literature in recent years. This study uses bibliometric analytical techniques to explore all the publications indexed in the Scopus database in the broad subject of Halal and Islamic tourism from 2004 to 2021.Design/methodology/approachThe authors found 238 publications that fit the function, subject and set criteria. The papers were analysed in terms of publication by knowledge area, number of studies published every year, contribution by countries, number of authors and most influential journals. VOS viewer was used to perform a visual analysis on co-occurrence of keywords and document citations.FindingsAccording to the findings, the Scopus database includes 151 (34.40%) documents on business, management and accounting, and 89 (20.27%) documents on social science. It was reported that 29 documents were published in 2018, followed by 54 documents in 2019 and 56 documents in 2021. Malaysia has contributed 86 documents on Islamic tourism, whereas Indonesia has contributed 64 documents. The paper also discusses other interesting findings.Research limitations/implicationsThe bibliometric analysis carried out was confined to Scopus data. Other national and international databases were not taken into account for this research.Originality/valueBetween 2004 and 2021, this study examined relevant studies on Halal and Islamic tourism. The study presents a concise review of the literature accessible to researchers working in this area and provides recommendations for future research.

Towards the Results of the XXV IUFRO World Congress

The XXV World Congress of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) was held in Curitiba (Brazil) from September 25 to October 5, 2019. Representatives (2725 people) of forest academic, university and sector science, forestry business, and forestry governmental and non-governmental organizations from 96 countries attended the Congress and made over 2600 reports and presentations. For the first ever time this Congress was held in South America. The Congress motto “Forest Research and Cooperation for Sustainable Development” highlighted the broad subject of the Congress and showed the results of the five major directions of the IUFRO Strategy 2015–2019. The work of the Congress began with general events, including Tree Planting Ceremony, Congress Opening Ceremony, and Welcome Reception for all participants. Plenary Sessions, Technical Sessions, Thematic Discussions, Lectures and Presentations, and Poster Sessions were held according to the Official Program. Professional Excursions, namely Technical Tours and Thematic Exhibitions of products, technologies and services needed and available for the forest sector and forest research were provided. During the Congress, numerous IUFRO awards were delivered to the laureates, including the IUFRO Scientific Achievement Award, Distinguished Service Award, IUFRO Best Poster Award, as well as awards for students. Among the most important decisions of the XXV IUFRO World Congress are the following: Stockholm was selected as the next venue for the XXVI IUFRO World Congress in 2024; Dr. John Parrotta (USA) was elected President of IUFRO (2019– 2024); Professor Daniela Kleinschmit (Germany) and Professor Shirong Liu (China) were elected IUFRO Vice Presidents. The representative of our country Olga Shaitarova from the Saint-Petersburg State Forest Technical University named after S.M. Kirov became a member of the Board. Only eight participants from our country attended the Congress that confirms the insufficient level of financing of forest science in our country. Nevertheless, there is undoubtedly a significant prospect for the participation of Russian scientists in subsequent congresses and the activity within the IUFRO framework in general.

Complexity Analysis in Maintenance Systems

Complexity is a very broad subject that applies to project management, engineering design and manufacturing, arithmetic, software, statistics, etc. In maintenance systems, complexity can be defined based on technical and managerial aspects of a maintenance project. Because relative complexity between two projects can be used as a yardstick for resource allocation between them, quantifying the complexity becomes important. To quantify the complexity of maintenance projects, this thesis reports two models. In uncertain situations, a fuzzy graph-based model is developed that determines relative complexities of maintenance projects based on experts‟ opinions with respect to technical and managerial aspects. These aspects may not be measured precisely due to uncertain situations. The model uses an aggregation operator to mitigate conflict of experts‟ opinions on complexity relations. Using a fuzzy relation matrix representing the degrees of membership of relative complexities, the model maps the fuzzy graph into a scaled Cartesian diagram. Also, complexity of a maintenance project can be investigated through time to repair (TTR). Performing statistical analysis shows that human cognition and project complexity have significant influence on TTR. These influential factors can be studied by a learning curve. Due to the nature of maintenance calls for repairs, a learning curve model made up of two segments is proposed. A project complexity can be derived from the learning curve at the breakpoint time. Taking into account human cognitive abilities, the breakpoint indicates the required number of trials in order to reach mastery level for performing certain tasks unsupervised.

Complexity Analysis in Maintenance Systems

Complexity is a very broad subject that applies to project management, engineering design and manufacturing, arithmetic, software, statistics, etc. In maintenance systems, complexity can be defined based on technical and managerial aspects of a maintenance project. Because relative complexity between two projects can be used as a yardstick for resource allocation between them, quantifying the complexity becomes important. To quantify the complexity of maintenance projects, this thesis reports two models. In uncertain situations, a fuzzy graph-based model is developed that determines relative complexities of maintenance projects based on experts‟ opinions with respect to technical and managerial aspects. These aspects may not be measured precisely due to uncertain situations. The model uses an aggregation operator to mitigate conflict of experts‟ opinions on complexity relations. Using a fuzzy relation matrix representing the degrees of membership of relative complexities, the model maps the fuzzy graph into a scaled Cartesian diagram. Also, complexity of a maintenance project can be investigated through time to repair (TTR). Performing statistical analysis shows that human cognition and project complexity have significant influence on TTR. These influential factors can be studied by a learning curve. Due to the nature of maintenance calls for repairs, a learning curve model made up of two segments is proposed. A project complexity can be derived from the learning curve at the breakpoint time. Taking into account human cognitive abilities, the breakpoint indicates the required number of trials in order to reach mastery level for performing certain tasks unsupervised.

«The nature of literary thefts and the types for Ibn Rachiq Al-Messili »

This research paper aims at revealing the nature of literary thefts for Ibn Rachiq (390-456 AH), who attached great importance to it in his writings, where he singled out from this serious matter that has always occupied the minds of early Arab critics. He could successfully analyse the different sides of any literary work and could reveal the reasons behind the similarity of ideas in the works of creative writers. From this vein, he could follow the roots and the originality of every single idea in order to figure out who is to be blamed and punished, and for whom regards and estimation must return. He concluded that theft is a very broad subject, which no poet can escape from, and that the real thief is the one who lives on the art of others without creativity or innovation, considering that literary theft is only in the wonderful inventor who did not participate in it. Keywords: Stealing, Literature (poetry/prose), imitation, Creativity, Pronouncing, meaning, Ibn Rashiq Al-Messili.

An Analysis of E-Content Modules of Indian OERs: A Case Study of E-Pg Pathshala

OER is a distinct way of learning in the modern era, without any geographical barriers and money. There are two types of OER depending on how it approaches its user, Open Course Ware (OCW) and MOOCs. In India, e-PG Pathshala is such an innovation maintained by UGCINFLIBNET and funded by MHRD. As part of its National Education Mission through ICT (NME-ICT), it is a wide e-learning platform in terms of its subject material and breadth of use as well. In this context, the present study is an attempt to assess the status of e-content modules of e-PG Pathshala in the different subject discipline. The findings of the study identified that among the two broad subject category, AHSS field occupied 62% of total uploaded modules and rest 38% covered by STEMM. In consecutive divisions of the subject field into five major subject discipline reveals that “Social Sciences” and “Arts, Humanities and Languages” contribute double concerning e-content modules than “Engineering, Technology and Management”, “Physical and Basic Sciences” and “Bio-Medical and Health Sciences”. Additional statistical analysis (Pearson’s Correlation test) shows that a strong positive correlation was observed between the two variables No. of Paper &amp; No. of Uploaded Module (rp =0.683, p= &lt;.001).

Tipologie amministrative della signoria in Italia fra medioevo ed età moderna

Lordship management is a broad subject scarcely treated by historians; even when analysed, it has never been the object of exhaustive reconstructions and systematic surveys. The article provides a first, provisional overview of the main forms of lordship administration that changed depending on the period, region, lordship, type of revenue and many other factors. The Weberian notion of ideal type is particularly helpful in order to try to master the multiplicity and variety of forms of administration used in practice. On its basis, the essay identifies two basic ideal types, ‘Direct Management’ and ‘Indirect Management’, which are in turn divided into five sub-ideal types. Lastly, it questions the economic and social effects of each form of management, and the possibility of identifying, depending on the period and region, a more or less extensive diffusion of lordships attributable to the different ideal types.