scholarly journals Black rice as a functional food in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rarastoeti Pratiwi ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Background: There are many local black rice cultivars in Indonesia, yet only a few of these are formally described in the literature. It has been reported that black rice has many phytochemical variants which may contribute to its use as a functional food, including nutraceuticals and secondary metabolites such as anthocyanin, oryzanol, and more. The purpose of this article was to review literature describing black rice cultivars from Indonesia, with a particular focus on its potential use as a functional food. Our literature search revealed several articles that describe black rice in relation to its nutraceutical properties and its role in reducing non-communicable diseases. Other studies describe the diversity of local pigmented rice and its potential for lowering the risk of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and for cancer prevention. Black rice has been described as a functional food in several countries; however, there is great diversity among cultivars and further research on Indonesian varieties will determine whether local variants are candidates as well for the development of functional foods.  Keywords: black rice cultivar, functional food, non-communicable diseases, nutraceutical, phytochemical

scholarly journals Polyphenol Bioavailability and Plasma Antiradical Capacity in Healthy Subjects after Acute Intake of Pigmented Rice: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3209
Author(s):  
Sara Vitalini ◽  
Andrea Sardella ◽  
Daniela Fracassetti ◽  
Rita Secli ◽  
Antonio Tirelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Acute Intake

Health-promoting effects of plant foods have been emphasized in the last few decades and ascribed to the bioactive phytochemicals present therein—in particular, phenylpropanoids. The latter have been investigated for a number of preclinical biological activities, including their antioxidant power. Due to the paucity of human studies, in this randomized intervention trial, we investigated whether the acute intake of pigmented rice could increase the plasma bioactive levels and antiradical power in twenty healthy subjects. A crossover randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 19 volunteers. Artemide and Venere black rice cultivars were tested, while brown rice Carnaroli was used as a control. Each patient received randomly one serving (100 g) of rice on three different experimental days, separated by a 7-day washout period. After baseline blood withdrawal, time-course changes of plasma polyphenols, flavonoids and radical-scavenging capacity were determined at 30, 60, 120 and 180 min post rice intake. Compared to Carnaroli rice, the two black rice cultivars significantly increased the plasma levels of polyphenols and flavonoids at 60 and 120 min and, correspondingly, the plasma antiradical power at 60 min after consumption. Pigmented rice consumption can contribute to diet-related health benefits in humans.

scholarly journals Novel functional food for prevention of non-communicable diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
V. V. Bati ◽  
◽  
N. V. Boyko ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Seed Halopriming Improves Salinity Tolerance of Some Rice Cultivars During Seedling Stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik HIDAYAH ◽  
Rizka Rohmatin NISAK ◽  
Febri Adi SUSANTO ◽  
Tri Rini NURINGTYAS ◽  
Nobutoshi YAMAGUCHIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Pigmented Rice

Abstract Background Saline land in coastal areas has great potential for crop cultivation. Improving salt tolerance in rice is a key to expanding the available area for its growth and thus improving global food security. Seed priming with salt (halopriming) can enhance plant growth and decrease saline intolerance under salt stress conditions during the subsequent seedling stage. However, there is little known about rice defense mechanisms against salinity at seedling stages after seed halopriming treatment. This study focused on the effect of seed halopriming treatment on salinity tolerance in susceptible cultivars, IR 64, resistant cultivars, Pokkali, and two pigmented rice cultivars, Merah Kalimantan Selatan (Merah Kalsel) and Cempo Ireng Pendek (CI Pendek). We grew these cultivars in hydroponic culture, with and without halopriming at the seed stage, under either non-salt or salt stress conditions during the seedling stage. Results The SES scoring assessment showed that the level of salinity tolerance in susceptible cultivar, IR 64, and moderate cultivar, Merah Kalsel, improved after seed halopriming treatment. Furthermore improved the growth performance of IR 64 and Merah Kalsel rice seedlings. Quantitative PCR revealed that seed halopriming induced expression of the OsNHX1 and OsHKT1 genes in susceptible rice cultivar, IR 64 and Merah Kalsel thereby increasing the level of resistance to salinity. The level expression of OsSOS1 and OsHKT1 genes in resistant cultivar, Pokkali, also increased but not affected on the level of salinity tolerance. On the contrary, seed halopriming decreased the level expression of OsSOS1 genes in pigmented rice cultivar, CI Pendek, but not affected on the level of salinity tolerance. The transporter gene expression induction significantly improved salinity tolerance in salinity-susceptible rice, IR 64, and moderate tolerant rice cultivar, Merah Kalsel. Induction of expression of the OsSOS1 gene in susceptible rice, IR 64, after halopriming seed treatment leads to balance the osmotic pressure by ion exclusion mechanisms, so that be tolerant to salinity stress. Conclusion These results suggest that seed halopriming can improves salinity tolerance of salinity-susceptible and moderate tolerant rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Potential Applications of Cereals and Yams as Functional Foods to Reduce the Risk of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
N. N. G. Chiranthika ◽  
K. D. P. P. Gunathilake ◽  
Ananda Chandrasekara
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
By Products ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

The chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) are increasing throughout the populations and the burden of diseases is rising globally. Epidemiological evidences supports claim that intake of   foods with certain health benefits and reducing the risk of NCDs are having positive correlation, therefore, a rise in demand for foods including phytochemicals can be observed. Cereals  and   yams are known to be rich sources of phytochemicals which can be utilized to produce functional food products having the potential of reducing the risk of chronic NCDs such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and certain types of cancers. In   this review, the potentials of various cereals and yams that are being used as functional food products for human consumption to reduce the risk of NCD are being examined. The study further included a review on different phytochemicals in cereals and yams based functional food products and their bioactivity, potential of microencapsulation, cereal by products, influence of starch modification on functional food products, and capability of utilizing cereal by products in functional food industry.

scholarly journals NMR metabolite comparison of local pigmented rice in Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dio N. Wijaya ◽  
Febri Adi Susanto ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Dyah Ismoyowati ◽  
Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Score Plot ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

Pigmented rice may have a black or red color due to higher anthocyanin content in its grain. A natural antioxidant, many studies on anthocyanin have reported its positive effects on human health. This fact has spurred the development of pigmented rice as a functional food. This study aimed to compare the metabolite profiles of black and red rice. Three black rice cultivars, namely Melik, Pari Ireng, and Cempo Ireng Sleman, and two red rice cultivars, Inpari 24 and RC 204, were used. After husk removal, grain samples were ground in liquid nitrogen and dried with a freeze dryer. The dried samples were extracted using 50% MeOD4 (in a D2O phosphate buffer pH 6 containing 0.01% TSP as an internal standard). Metabolomic analysis was performed using 500 MHz NMR followed by multivariate data analysis. An orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model ađer PCA was constructed to discriminate between the five different cultivars. The resulting OPLS-DA score plot revealed a clear separation between black rice and red rice. The metabolites that could influence the separation of red rice and black rice were valine, threonine, alanine, glutamate, galactinol, β-glucose, α-glucose, raffinose, and fumaric acid.

Assessment of Health Status of a Population on the Basis of Entropy Modeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Н. Тырсин ◽  
A.N. Tyrsin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Stochastic Systems ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Individual Parameter ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Potential Use

The potential use entropy modeling of multivariate stochastic systems in medicine has been shown on a concrete example. Assessment of the health status of rural male population, by the criteria of "healthy", "healthy", "sick" was made. Defined levels of entropy parameters which characterize the main risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases according to the health groups. The greatest contribution of an individual parameter in the entropy of the population was selected in each group The degree of dependence of this parameter from the others was identified. It is established that the deterioration in health status leads to increased entropy in the population. This growth is caused by increase of entropy randomness.

The γ-oryzanol Content of Thai Rice Cultivars and the Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the γ-oryzanol Content of Germinated Thai Market Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 812-818
Author(s):  
Chakorn Chinvongamorn ◽  
Sompong Sansenya
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Colored Rice

Thirty-nine Thai rice cultivars, including 17 non-colored rice cultivars and 22 colored rice cultivars (black rice cultivars and red rice cultivars), were investigated for γ-oryzanol content. The γ-oryzanol content of non-colored rice cultivars and colored rice cultivars was found to be 226.40 ± 17.50 μg/g to 411.80 ± 19.80 μg/g and 295.80 ± 15.40 μg/g to 459.80 ± 6.60 μg/g, respectively. Black rice cultivars seem to have higher γ-oryzanol content than do red rice and non-colored rice cultivars. The highest γ-oryzanol levels were identified in Khao Jao Dam Sa-Nit, a black rice cultivar, which contained 1.55 and 2.03 times more γ-oryzanol than Khao Man Bpoo, a red rice cultivar with lowest γ-oryzanol levels, and Khao Gor Kor 57, a non-colored rice cultivar with lowest γ-oryzanol levels, respectively. For further investigation, the effects of gamma irradiation on the γ-oryzanol content of four germinated Thai market rice cultivars, Khao Pathum Thani 1, Khao Gor Kor 31, Khao Gor Kor 41, and Khao Gor Kor 57, was investigated. The highest increase in γ-oryzanol content among the gamma irradiated rice cultivars was identified in Khao Pathum Thani 1 and Khao Gor Kor 31, which had γ-oryzanol levels approximately 1.27 times higher than that of the control rice (non-gamma irradiated rice). Our report contains basic knowledge about creating new rice lines that are rich in highly beneficial nutrients.

scholarly journals Metabolite Profiling Reveals Distinct Modulation of Complex Metabolic Networks in Non-Pigmented, Black, and Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Tae Jin Kim ◽  
So Yeon Kim ◽  
Young Jin Park ◽  
Sun-Hyung Lim ◽  
Sun-Hwa Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Low Levels

Comprehensive profiling of primary and secondary metabolites was performed to understand metabolic differences associated with color formation in pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.). Overall, 110 metabolites from non-pigmented, black, and red rice cultivars were identified. Black and red rice contained high levels of flavonoids associated with plant color. Black rice also contained high levels of terpenoids (carotenoids, tocopherols, phytosterols, and monoterpenes). The non-pigmented rice contained relatively low levels of secondary metabolites. Multivariate and pathway analyses were performed to data-mine the metabolite profiles. Hierarchical clustering analysis of correlation coefficients revealed metabolite clusters based on nitrogen and carbon sources. These clusters suggested a negative correlation between nitrogen and carbon. Pathway analysis revealed that black rice was rich in carbon-based secondary metabolites, with relatively low levels of primary metabolites compared with other rice cultivars. These data highlight the complex interactions between nitrogen and carbon metabolism of primary and secondary metabolites in rice. For the first time, the relationships and metabolic differences in terpenoid content (monoterpenes, triterpenes, and tetraterpenes) of non-pigmented and pigmented rice cultivars were analyzed. These findings should greatly contribute to the understanding of pigmented rice metabolome and inform breeding programs for new rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin Content Characterization on Pigmented Local Rice as Genetic Resources of Functional Food

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Kristina Dwiatmini ◽  
Higa Afza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Pigmented Rice

<p>Local varieties of pigmented rice are highly valuable genetic resources as a functional food in the future. Pigmented rice contains anthocyanins which function as nutrient bioactive components, called antioxidants. The aim of this research was to characterize anthocyanin content on 27 accessions of pigmented local rice, 2 varieties of released red rice varieties (Aek Sibundong and Inpari<br />24), and 1 control varieties of white rice, Ciherang. The content of anthocyanin was analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with cyanidin-3-glucoside as a standard. The results showed that local rice Aen Metan and Melik had the highest anthocyanin content were reached 0.7953 mg/g and 0.7806 mg/g. These content were higher than 2 released red rice varieties, Aek Sibundong and Inpari 24 which had anthocyanin content reached 0.6496 mg/g and 0.4423 mg/g, respectively. Aen Metan and Melik were local black rice varieties and frequently have used as a parent in the breeding program. The white rice as control, Ciherang was showed the lowest anthocyanin content. Four pigmented local rice, Baliman Putih, Sari Kuning, Karamanting, and Iden had higher anthocyanin content than the two released red rice breeding varieties.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document