scholarly journals The Trauma of Female Gender with Special reference to Henry James Novel “The Portrait of a Lady”

NOTIONS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Farhana Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Henry James ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human History ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Portrait Of A Lady

Females have been a silent feature for the majority of human history, their thoughts, and feelings are not considered being of the least importance. Henry James has embellished the social responsibilities of marriage vows very critical for women. James was a critic of middle class conjugal life and magnifies the trauma of middle class women. Philosophically the central theme of the topic explains the word Trauma which literally means the ferociousness of the male gender on the females in the form of suppression . Under the difficult circumstances, women were submissive but through her works, they fought the social forces and attempted to create their own identity. The novel ‘The Portrait of a lady’depicts a tradition from innocence of the Isabel Archer who claimed to be fond of her freedom surrounded with a number of challenging women. The portrait of a lady is not the end of Isabel story but story of women changing place in society because it was even forbidden for the women to break the norms of patriarchal conventions. Henry James choice is based on interest and revolutionary themes regarding women in The Portrait of a Lady which challenges the society and its rules of the Nineteenth century regarding women position, their behavior expectations and their challenges against the traumatic conditions of the society.

CORREGGIO'S SKETCH IN HENRY JAMES' NOVEL «THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY»: FUNCTIONS OF AN INTERMEDIAL REFERENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
NINA BOCHKAREVA ◽  
VALENTINA VISHNEVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Henry James ◽  
The Novel ◽  
American Writer ◽  
Portrait Of A Lady

The article is devoted to the analysis of an intermediate reference to the sketch of the Italian artist of the XVI century Correggio in the 24th chapter of the novel "Portrait of a Woman" by the American writer Henry James. The influence of an intermediate reference on the disclosure of the image of Gilbert Osmond is investigated, which allows the reader to learn his additional characteristics and form a holistic idea of this character of the novel.

scholarly journals Fake news and unfunded beliefs in the post-truth age

Universitas ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Víctor Castillo-Riquelme ◽  
Patricio Hermosilla-Urrea ◽  
Juan P. Poblete-Tiznado ◽  
Christian Durán-Anabalón
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The dissemination of fake news embodies a pressing problem for democracy that is exacerbated by theubiquity of information available on the Internet and by the exploitation of those who, appealing to theemotionality of audiences, have capitalized on the injection of falsehoods into the social fabric. In thisstudy, through a cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental design, the relationship betweencredibility in the face of fake news and some types of dysfunctional thoughts was explored in a sampleof Chilean university students. The results reveal that greater credibility in fake news is associated withhigher scores of magical, esoteric and naively optimistic thinking, beliefs that would be the meetingpoint for a series of cognitive biases that operate in the processing of information. The highest correlationis found with the paranormal beliefs facet and, particularly, with ideas about the laws of mentalattraction, telepathy and clairvoyance. Significant differences were also found in credibility in fake newsas a function of the gender of the participants, with the female gender scoring higher on average thanthe male gender. These findings highlight the need to promote critical thinking, skepticism and scientificattitude in all segments of society.

Design in Deloney's Jack of Newbury

PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Dorsinville
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Political Conception ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Jack of Newbury's surface realism in characters, setting, and speech has led to an underestimation of its historical and literary value. A close reading reveals the consistent use of the Greco-Roman ethical-political conception of the state, epitomized in the figure of the ruler. Deloney shows his familiarity with this tradition, probably known to him through Erasmus and Sidney, in the three controlling motifs of his novel. First, the middle class of weavers, represented in Jack's household and dramatized in allegories and symbols, is portrayed as a self-sufficient state where peace and harmony reign. Second, this state is shown to be such because of the nature of its ruler, Jack, a benevolent, generous, wise man. Third, the middle-class way of life—hard work, thriftiness, material gains—serves as princely education; accordingly, Jack, from a menial position, goes on to become ruler of the state. Jack of Newbury, as a systematical reordering of an aristocratic tradition, represents the world view of the emergent middle class; and as such, a momentous shift in the social temper of the Renaissance and an important step in the evolution of the novel.

WORKING-CLASS MASCULINITIES IN MARY BARTON

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Surridge
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
Original Title ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Male Gender Role

IN CONSIDERING THE SUBJECT of masculinity in Mary Barton (1848), it is perhaps well to remember that Elizabeth Gaskell conceived the novel as being about a man. “‘John Barton’ was the original title of the book,” she wrote to Mrs. W. R. Greg early in 1849. “Round the character of John Barton all the others formed themselves; he was my hero, the person with whom all my sympathies went . . .” (Letters 42: 74). Gaskell’s letter of 5 January 1849 to Miss Lamont reaffirms this: “‘John Barton’ was the original name, as being the central figure to my mind . . . in writing he was [?] my ‘hero’; and it was a London thought coming through the publisher that it must be called Mary B” (Letters 39: 70). While the “London” title of Mary Barton focuses on the romance elements of the plot (and, by extension, on the female gender role), Gaskell’s original title of John Barton focused on working-class protest (and, by extension, on the male gender role). Indeed, there is much to suggest that the novel is as much concerned with masculinity as it is with industrialization and class strife.

scholarly journals Violencia de género en Temporada de huracanes, de Fernanda Melchor: de la violencia subjetiva a la violencia sistémica.

Sincronía ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol XXV (79) ◽  
pp. 261-281
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Islas Arévalo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Systemic Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence

This essay approaches gender violence from a systemic violence study in Fernanda Melchor’s novel Temporada de huracanes (2017). It analyses the violence exerted towards three female characters form their point of view. The purpose is to identify the elements of Systematic violence that allow physical, psychological, and sexual abuse in the three main stories that represent gender violence within the novel. The method employed was a critical comparison between the different types of violence and its’ perpetrator’s’ motivations, framed in the systemic violence approach. Finally, it was concluded that these forms of violence are allowed within the setting of a patriarchal-colonial structure that reproduces dominance from the male gender towards the female gender. Which, ultimately, allows a normalized reproduction of violence towards women in various degrees: from psychologicalverbal aggressions, to systematic rape and femicide.

scholarly journals Language and Gender Representation in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Blessing U. Ijem ◽  
Isaiah I. Agbo
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Chinua Achebe ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
The Social ◽  
Things Fall Apart ◽  
And Gender

This article examines the linguistic construction of gender in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. It shows how this reflects the social reality of the relationships between women and men in society, which is firstly structured in the unconscious mind. The examination of language use in constructing genders in the novel is important as it unveils the relationships between the male and the female in society. This is because gender representation is influenced by unconscious and hidden desires in man. This study specifically examines Achebe’s use of grammatical categories in the construction of the male and female genders in Things Fall Apart. To this end, it reflects the pre-colonial Igbo society in its socially stratified mode, which language served as the instrument for both exclusion and oppression of women. This article shows that the male and female genders dance unequal dance in a socially, politically and economically stratified society where the generic male gender wields untold influence over women in that pre-colonial Igbo society. The study further shows that Achebe used language in Things Fall Apart to glorify masculine gender while portraying the female gender as docile, foolish, weak and irresponsible second-class citizen.

Victorian Treasure Houses: The Novel and the Parlor

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 283-297
Author(s):  
Thad Logan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social World ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Realistic Fiction ◽  
Commodity Culture ◽  
The Social

Abstract The domestic interior plays a significant role in realistic fiction and in 19th-century bourgeois life. The development of conventions for describing interiors in the novel coincides with the historical appearance of elaborately decorated parlors and with the feminization of domestic space. Both middle-class interiors and realistic fiction are characterized by a proliferation of detail, and their stylistic similarity can be mapped onto the emergence of a commodity culture. The fictive rhetoric of materiality and identity reflects complex relations of gender, property, and signification in the social world. (Cultural criticism; literary criticism; gender studies)

Supermarket Sociology

Site Reading ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
David J. Alworth
Keyword(s):  
Don Delillo ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Social ◽  
Deep Significance ◽  
A Site ◽  
Nonhuman Agency ◽  
Point Of Departure

Taking Latour's engagement with the literary as a point of departure, this chapter offers a new model for thinking between the disciplines of literary studies and sociology. At the crux of this model is a site, the supermarket, that dramatizes nonhuman agency as a mundane yet complex fact of social experience—a fact that Latour theorizes throughout his writings and that a host of literary authors, above all Don DeLillo, have sought to explore in different ways. It offers a reading of the novel in terms of Actor-Network-Theory (ANT) and demonstrates how a site that is crucial to both the novelist and the sociologist can facilitate a new interdisciplinary conversation, a mode of inquiry that would divert from a more traditional sociology of literature whose objective would be to identify the deep significance of literary form in the social forces that subtend aesthetic production.

Freedom, Self-Obligation, and Selfhood in Henry James

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Fessenbecker
Keyword(s):  
Henry James ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Portrait Of A Lady ◽  
Important Sense ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wings Of The Dove ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Decision To Stay ◽  
Peculiar Nature

Patrick Fessenbecker, "Freedom, Self-Obligation, and Selfhood in Henry James" (pp. 69–95) In this essay I argue for a new interpretation of Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady (1880–81, revised 1908). After briefly surveying the history of interpretations of the novel, I argue that critics have failed to understand the peculiar nature of Isabel Archer's volitional state, particularly in her decision to stay with her abusive husband at the end of the novel. Isabel, I demonstrate, is constrained in an important and binding way, but the source of the constraint is simply herself, in a philosophically perplexing way. This essay attempts to illuminate these features of the novel by drawing on the philosophical resources in Harry G. Frankfurt's works, particularly his notion of "wantons," or agents who do not care about their wills and thus are in an important sense not persons, as well as his concept of a "volitional necessity," a complex of cares, desires, and beliefs that is so essential to an agent's personhood that actions on behalf of the necessity feel inevitable. Though the agent cannot help but act on the necessity, she nevertheless feels importantly free, because the compulsory force is simply her self. The essay then concludes by briefly suggesting how these Frankfurtian ideas might suggest new interpretations of other James novels, which I introduce through short discussions of The Wings of the Dove (1902) and The Ambassadors (1903).

Washington Square

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry James
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Henry James ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Washington Square

‘She will do as I have bidden her.’ Catherine Sloper is heiress to a fortune and the social eminence associated with Washington Square. She attracts the attention of a good-looking but penniless young man, Morris Townsend. His suit is encouraged by Catherine's romantically-minded aunt, Mrs Penniman, but her father, a clever physician, is convinced that his motives are merely mercenary. He will not consent to the marriage, regardless of the cost to his daughter. Out of this classic confrontation Henry James fashioned one of his most deftly searching shorter fictions. First published in 1880 but set some forty years earlier in a pre-Civil War New York, the novel reflects ironically on the restricted world in which its heroine is marooned, seating herself at its close ‘for life, as it were’. In his introduction Adrian Poole reflects on the book's gestation and influences, the significance of place, and the insight with which the four prinicipal players are drawn. The edition includes an account of the real-life tale that sparked James's imaginative genius.

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