scholarly journals Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus and Persistence in Semen, New Zealand, 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1855-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Harrower ◽  
Tomasz Kiedrzynski ◽  
Simon Baker ◽  
Arlo Upton ◽  
Fahimeh Rahnama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission

scholarly journals Three Immunocompetent Small Animal Models That Do Not Support Zika Virus Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Megan R. Miller ◽  
Anna C. Fagre ◽  
Taylor C. Clarkson ◽  
Erin D. Markle ◽  
Brian D. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Mosquito Bite ◽  
Multimammate Mice

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. ZIKV causes disease in infected humans with added complications of Guillain-Barré syndrome and birth defects in infants born to mothers infected during pregnancy. There are several large immunocompetent animal models for ZIKV including non-human primates (NHPs). NHP models closely reflect human infection; however, due to sample size restrictions, investigations into the effects of transmission route and the impacts on disease dynamics have been understudied. Mice have been widely used for modeling ZIKV infection, yet there are few ZIKV-susceptible immunocompetent mouse models and none of these have been used to investigate sexual transmission. In an effort to identify a small immunocompetent animal model to characterize sexual transmission of ZIKV, we attempt experimental infection of multimammate mice, New Zealand white rabbits, and Hartley guinea pigs. The multimammate mouse is the natural reservoir of Lassa fever virus and has been identified to harbor other human pathogens. Likewise, while NZW rabbits are susceptible to West Nile virus, they have not yet been examined for their susceptibility to infection with ZIKV. Guinea pigs have been successfully used as models for ZIKV infection, but only in immunocompromised life stages (young or pregnant). Here, it was found that the multimammate mouse and New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits are not susceptible ZIKV infection as determined by a lack viral RNA in tissues and fluids collected. Sexually mature male Hartley guinea pigs were inoculated subcutaneously and by mosquito bite, but found to be refractory to ZIKV infection, contrary to findings of other studies in young and pregnant guinea pigs. Interestingly, here it is shown that adult male guinea pigs are not susceptible to ZIKV infection, even when infected by natural route (e.g., mosquito bite). Although a new small animal model for the sexual transmission for ZIKV was not established through this study, these findings provide information on outbred animal species that are not permissive to infection (NZW rabbits and multimammate mice) and new information surrounding limitations of a previously established animal model (guinea pigs).

Update: Interim Guidance for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus — United States, 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Oster ◽  
Kate Russell ◽  
Jo Ellen Stryker ◽  
Allison Friedman ◽  
Rachel E. Kachur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Prevention Of Sexual Transmission

Knowledge of the Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus and Preventive Practices Against Zika Virus Among U.S. Travelers

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Nelson ◽  
Maya C. Luetke ◽  
Conner McKinney ◽  
Oghenekaro Omodior
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Preventive Practices

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about Zika among a University Community Located in an Endemic Zone in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vianey Argüelles-Nava ◽  
María Alvarez-Bañuelos ◽  
Daniel Córdoba-Suárez ◽  
Clara Sampieri ◽  
María Ortiz-León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The University ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the Zika virus in both students and workers at the University of Veracruz, an online survey was conducted. The participants were divided into two groups: one according to sex, the other according to whether they were workers or students. Their answers were classified into knowledge, attitudes, and practices and they were rated as low, medium, and high. The results showed that knowledge about Zika prevailing among the university population is considered as medium in 79.4% of the study population. Most respondents know that the mosquito spreads the Zika virus (98.8%) and the clinical characteristics, while sexual transmission by the virus is little known (36.85%). Both the univariate analysis (OR (CI5) 0.227 (0.070–0.735), p = 0.013] and multivariate analysis (OR (CI95) 0.234 (0.071–778), p = 0.018] showed that belonging to the health sciences area is related to having a greater knowledge about Zika. Despite the existing knowledge, a low level of prevention practices prevails in the whole community (55%). A medium level of knowledge about Zika prevailed, while proper implementation of preventive measures for Zika is low, despite the fact that the state of Veracruz—the place where the University is located—is an endemic area.

scholarly journals From Mosquito Bites to Sexual Transmission: Evaluating Mouse Models of Zika Virus Infection

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2244
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Balint ◽  
Amelia Montemarano ◽  
Emily Feng ◽  
Ali A. Ashkar
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Male To Female

Following the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in Latin America, ZIKV has emerged as a global health threat due to its ability to induce neurological disease in both adults and the developing fetus. ZIKV is largely mosquito-borne and is now endemic in many parts of Africa, Asia, and South America. However, several reports have demonstrated persistent ZIKV infection of the male reproductive tract and evidence of male-to-female sexual transmission of ZIKV. Sexual transmission may broaden the reach of ZIKV infections beyond its current geographical limits, presenting a significant threat worldwide. Several mouse models of ZIKV infection have been developed to investigate ZIKV pathogenesis and develop effective vaccines and therapeutics. However, the majority of these models focus on mosquito-borne infection, while few have considered the impact of sexual transmission on immunity and pathogenesis. This review will examine the advantages and disadvantages of current models of mosquito-borne and sexually transmitted ZIKV and provide recommendations for the effective use of ZIKV mouse models.

scholarly journals Zika mosquito vectors: the jury is still out

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Yellow Fever Mosquito ◽  
The Common

After a 40-year hiatus, the International Congress of Entomology (ICE 2016) convened in Orlando, Florida (September 25-30, 2016). One of the symposia at ICE 2016, the Zika Symposium, covered multiple aspects of the Zika epidemic, including epidemiology, sexual transmission, genetic tools for reducing transmission, and particularly vector competence. While there was a consensus among participants that the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of the Zika virus, there is growing evidence indicating that the range of mosquito vectors might be wider than anticipated. In particular, three independent groups from Canada, China, and Brazil presented and discussed laboratory and field data strongly suggesting that the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, also known as the common mosquito, is highly likely to be a vector in certain environments.

scholarly journals Sexual transmission of Zika virus and other flaviviruses: A living systematic review

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e1002611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Jacques Counotte ◽  
Caron Rahn Kim ◽  
Jingying Wang ◽  
Kyle Bernstein ◽  
Carolyn D. Deal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission

scholarly journals Follow-Up Household Serosurvey in Northeast Brazil for Zika Virus: Sexual Contacts of Index Patients Have the Highest Risk for Seropositivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Magalhaes ◽  
Clarice N L Morais ◽  
Iracema J A A Jacques ◽  
Elisa A N Azevedo ◽  
Ana M Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Household Members

Abstract Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is also transmitted sexually; however, the epidemiological relevance of ZIKV sexual transmission in endemic regions is unclear. Methods We performed a household-based serosurvey in Northeast Brazil to evaluate the differential exposure to ZIKV and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) among households. Individuals who participated in our previous arboviral disease cohort (indexes) were recontacted and enrolled, and their household members were newly enrolled. Results The relative risk of sexual partners being ZIKV-seropositive when living with a ZIKV-seropositive index participant was significantly higher, whereas this was not observed among nonsexual partners of the index. For CHIKV, both sexual and nonsexual partner household members living with a CHIKV-seropositive index had a significantly higher risk of being seropositive. In the nonindex-based dyadic and generalized linear mixed model analyses, the odds of sexual dyads having a concordant ZIKV plaque reduction neutralization test result was significantly higher. We have also analyzed retrospective clinical data according to the participants’ exposure to ZIKV and CHIKV. Conclusions Our data suggest that ZIKV sexual transmission may be a key factor for the high ZIKV seroprevalence among households in endemic areas and raises important questions about differential disease from the 2 modes of transmission.

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