USING THE CUDA TECHNOLOGY TO SPEED UP COMPUTATIONS IN PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL KINETICS

The main idea of the implementation is reducing the time for calculation and thereby implement a multi-user mode for users by placing it on a server with access via a web browser. To model the kinetics of chemical reacting systems were used 4th and 5th grade Runge-Kutta methods and to receive the index of advantages of this elaboration were written programs in C# for sequential computation on a central processor and was used a platform for parallel computation of CUDA on graphic processors. Parallelization of data during calculation on a GPU was performed by the distribution of the reaction to individual strands, when changes of the concentration was calculated over a given time interval of a certain substance. Parallelization is performed over all elementary reactions, with the increasing of the number of reactions in the mechanism, because of this the computation on the GPU has a noticeable gain in time.

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Micro-flowcell conductometric sweat analysis for cystic fibrosis diagnosis

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1258/0004563001899348 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 399-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

H Lewis Webster ◽

Carmelo G Quirante

Keyword(s):

Power Supply ◽

Time Interval ◽

Sweating Rate ◽

Sensor Cell ◽

Sweat Testing ◽

Small Holders ◽

Flow Through ◽

To Receive ◽

Conductivity Cell ◽

Sweat Tests

This paper describes a device specifically designed to facilitate neonatal sweat testing. The components are sized appropriately for attachment to the limbs of newborns. Iontophoretic electrodes, with pilocarpine gel inserts, are latched into small holders attached by straps to the limb. The holder at the anodic site remains in place to receive and align the sensor cell, which uses a conical collecting surface to channel the sweat directly and anaerobically from the sweat ducts to the continuous flow-through conductivity cell within its body. A crib-side analysis unit incorporates an iontophoretic power supply and displays a continuous readout of sweat electrical conductivity. The average conductivity during a specific time interval and the initial sweating rate are automatically displayed. The method, which simplifies sweat tests, is currently being assessed in three neonatal clinical trials to test its ability to reduce test failures in the newborn due to insufficient sweat.

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Can bronchodilators improve exercise tolerance in COPD patients without dynamic hyperinflation?

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37132014000200003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Enedina Aquino Scuarcialupi ◽

Danilo Cortozi Berton ◽

Priscila Kessar Cordoni ◽

Selma Denis Squassoni ◽

Elie Fiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Tolerance ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Peak Exercise ◽

Dynamic Hyperinflation ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Improve Exercise Tolerance ◽

Speed Up ◽

To Receive

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the modulatory effects that dynamic hyperinflation (DH), defined as a reduction in inspiratory capacity (IC), has on exercise tolerance after bronchodilator in patients with COPD. METHODS: An experimental, randomized study involving 30 COPD patients without severe hypoxemia. At baseline, the patients underwent clinical assessment, spirometry, and incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). On two subsequent visits, the patients were randomized to receive a combination of inhaled fenoterol/ipratropium or placebo. All patients then underwent spirometry and submaximal CPET at constant speed up to the limit of tolerance (Tlim). The patients who showed ΔIC(peak-rest) < 0 were considered to present with DH (DH+). RESULTS: In this sample, 21 patients (70%) had DH. The DH+ patients had higher airflow obstruction and lower Tlim than did the patients without DH (DH-). Despite equivalent improvement in FEV1 after bronchodilator, the DH- group showed higher ΔIC(bronchodilator-placebo) at rest in relation to the DH+ group (p < 0.05). However, this was not found in relation to ΔIC at peak exercise between DH+ and DH- groups (0.19 ± 0.17 L vs. 0.17 ± 0.15 L, p > 0.05). In addition, both groups showed similar improvements in Tlim after bronchodilator (median [interquartile range]: 22% [3-60%] vs. 10% [3-53%]; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in TLim was associated with an increase in IC at rest after bronchodilator in HD- patients with COPD. However, even without that improvement, COPD patients can present with greater exercise tolerance after bronchodilator provided that they develop DH during exercise.

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Global Surgery indicators and pediatric hydrocephalus: a multicenter cross-country comparative study building the case for health systems strengthening

10.21203/rs.3.rs-307145/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Paul Ferraris ◽

Eric Paolo Palabyab ◽

Sergei Kim ◽

Hideaki Matsumura ◽

Maria Eufemia Yap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Systems ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

The Philippines ◽

Global Surgery ◽

Health Systems Strengthening ◽

Time Interval ◽

Late Time ◽

Csf Diversion ◽

Cross Country ◽

To Receive

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare specific three-institution, cross-country data that are relevant to the Global Surgery indicators and the functioning of health systems. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and socioeconomic characteristics of pediatric patients who underwent CSF diversion surgery for hydrocephalus in three different centers: University of Tsukuba Hospital in Ibaraki, Japan (HIC), Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center in Manila, Philippines (LMIC), and the Federal Neurosurgical Center in Novosibirsk, Russia (UMIC). The outcomes of interest were timing of CSF diversion surgery and mortality. Statistical tests included descriptive statistics, Cox proportional hazards model, and logistic regression. Nation-level data were also obtained to provide the relevant socioeconomic contexts in discussing the results. Results: In total, 159 children were included—13 from Japan, 99 from the Philippines, and 47 from the Russian Federation. The median time to surgery at the specific neurosurgical centers were 6 days in the Philippines and 1 day in both Japan and Russia. For the cohort from the Philippines, non-poor patients were more likely to receive CSF diversion surgery at an earlier time (HR=4.74, 95%CI 2.34–9.61, p<0.001). In the same center, those with infantile or post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (HR=3.72, 95%CI 1.70–8.15, p=0.001) were more likely to receive CSF diversion earlier compared to those with congenital hydrocephalus, and those with post-infectious (HR=0.39, 95%CI 0.22–0.70, p=0.002) or myelomeningocele-associated hydrocephalus (HR=0.46, 95%CI 0.22–0.95, p=0.037) were less likely to undergo surgery at an earlier time. For Russia, older patients were more likely to receive or require early CSF diversion (HR=1.07, 95%CI 1.01–1.14, p=0.035). EVD insertion was found to be associated with mortality (cOR 14.45, 95% CI 1.28–162.97, p = 0.031). Conclusion: In this study, Filipino children underwent late time-interval of CSF diversion surgery and had mortality differences compared to their Japanese and Russian counterparts. These disparities may reflect on the functioning of the respective country’s health systems.

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Heart Segmentation in Echo Images

Metrology and Measurement Systems ◽

10.2478/v10178-011-0012-y ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 305-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Andrzej Skalski ◽

Paweł Turcza

Keyword(s):

Level Set ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Main Idea ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Arbitrary Point ◽

Shape Estimation ◽

Anisotropic Diffusion Filter ◽

Echocardiographic Image ◽

Causes Of Mortality ◽

To Receive

Heart Segmentation in Echo ImagesCardiovascular system diseases are the major causes of mortality in the world. The most important and widely used tool for assessing the heart state is echocardiography (also abbreviated as ECHO). ECHO images are used e.g. for location of any damage of heart tissues, in calculation of cardiac tissue displacement at any arbitrary point and to derive useful heart parameters like size and shape, cardiac output, ejection fraction, pumping capacity. In this paper, a robust algorithm for heart shape estimation (segmentation) in ECHO images is proposed. It is based on the recently introduced variant of the level set method called level set without edges. This variant takes advantage of the intensity value of area information instead of module of gradient which is typically used. Such approach guarantees stability and correctness of algorithm working on the border between object and background with small absolute value of image gradient. To reassure meaningful results, the image segmentation is proceeded with automatic Region of Interest (ROI) calculation. The main idea of ROI calculations is to receive a triangle-like part of the acquired ECHO image, using linear Hough transform, thresholding and simple mathematics. Additionally, in order to improve the images quality, an anisotropic diffusion filter, before ROI calculation, was used. The proposed method has been tested on real echocardiographic image sequences. Derived results confirm the effectiveness of the presented method.

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On the entropy production in chemically reacting Systems

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v76-286 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 54 (13) ◽

pp. 1995-1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eduardo Lissi

Keyword(s):

Entropy Production ◽

Elementary Reactions ◽

Homogeneous Systems ◽

Chemically Reacting Systems ◽

Chemically Reacting ◽

Reacting Systems

The concept of monotonicity of entropy production is discussed regarding its application to chemically reacting systems. It is concluded that the concept cannot be generally applied even to elementary reactions in ideal homogeneous systems.

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Tuberculosis: evaluation of the time between identification of symptoms and beginning of treatment

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0902 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Lívia Félix de Oliveira ◽

Laura Maria Vidal Nogueira ◽

Ivaneide Leal Ataíde Rodrigues ◽

Pedro Fredemir Palha

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Data Distribution ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

Smear Microscopy ◽

Time Interval ◽

Molecular Test ◽

Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽

Significance Level ◽

To Receive ◽

The City

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the time elapsed between the identification of respiratory symptoms and the beginning of tuberculosis treatment, considering the sputum smear microscopy and the RMT. Method: Descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study, carried out in two Health Units, which were the only units that performed diagnosis by sputum smear microscopy and Rapid Molecular Test in the city. Data on respiratory symptoms with a positive result for tuberculosis were used. Analysis of data distribution and variance was performed, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The longest time interval found was “result/beginning of treatment”, for both tests, with a median of 3 days. It was found that the patient takes longer to receive the result when performing the Rapid Molecular Test. Conclusion: Patients who had the Rapid Molecular Test waited longer for results when compared to sputum smear microscopy, leading to a reflection on the need for further studies on the operation of health services.

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A study on the timing of HIV repeat test: A case study of Mary Immaculate VCT Center, Nairobi, Kenya

Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention ◽

10.22359/cswhi_12_2_11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

V, Otieno Okech ◽

V. Wanjala Namulanda ◽

D. Kimuli

Keyword(s):

Short Interval ◽

Late Diagnosis ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Treatment Programs ◽

Time Interval ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Repeat Test ◽

To Receive

Population testing, especially those at risk, plays an important role in preventing and managing the HIV pandemic. It helps practitioners in identifying individuals who need to be counseled on behavior change as well as those who need to be enrolled in HIV care and treatment programs. Further still, policy makers also use outcomes of such tests in determining whether their strategies are bearing fruits or not. In this study, we sought to determine the time interval within which sexually active individuals seek HIV repeat tests in relation to their gender and marital statuses. We observed that majority of the respondents (39.8%, n=47) sought HIV repeat test within a period of 7-12 months, which we considered as short interval that leads to early diagnosis. We also observed a section of the respondents were also seeking HIV repeat test after a period that exceeded 13 months. We considered the latter as long interval that leads to late diagnosis of HIV. We further observed that, a majority of the respondents who were either married or had never been married before, sought HIV repeat tests within a short interval compared to those who were either divorced or widowed. We concluded that most widowed and divorced respondents were more likely to receive late diagnosis of HIV than those who were either married or had never been married before. Most studies have indicated that people who are unaware of their HIV status carry a higher risk of infecting others.

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eXplainable Cooperative Machine Learning with NOVA

KI - Künstliche Intelligenz ◽

10.1007/s13218-020-00632-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 143-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tobias Baur ◽

Alexander Heimerl ◽

Florian Lingenfelser ◽

Johannes Wagner ◽

Michel F. Valstar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Main Idea ◽

Data Annotation ◽

Training Tool ◽

Human In The Loop ◽

Case Evaluation ◽

Annotation Process ◽

Multiple Annotators ◽

Speed Up ◽

Model Training

Abstract In the following article, we introduce a novel workflow, which we subsume under the term “explainable cooperative machine learning” and show its practical application in a data annotation and model training tool called NOVA. The main idea of our approach is to interactively incorporate the ‘human in the loop’ when training classification models from annotated data. In particular, NOVA offers a collaborative annotation backend where multiple annotators join their workforce. A main aspect is the possibility of applying semi-supervised active learning techniques already during the annotation process by giving the possibility to pre-label data automatically, resulting in a drastic acceleration of the annotation process. Furthermore, the user-interface implements recent eXplainable AI techniques to provide users with both, a confidence value of the automatically predicted annotations, as well as visual explanation. We show in an use-case evaluation that our workflow is able to speed up the annotation process, and further argue that by providing additional visual explanations annotators get to understand the decision making process as well as the trustworthiness of their trained machine learning models.

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Increased risk of infection in marrow transplant patients receiving methylprednisolone for graft-versus-host disease prevention

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v84.4.1328.bloodjournal8441328 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 1328-1332 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HG Sayer ◽

G Longton ◽

R Bowden ◽

M Pepe ◽

R Storb

Keyword(s):

Graft Versus Host Disease ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Time Interval ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Host Disease ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Graft Versus Host ◽

Increased Risk ◽

To Receive

One hundred forty-seven patients with hematologic diseases and treated by allogeneic marrow transplants received graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention with methotrexate and cyclosporine. In addition, 73 of the 147 patients were randomized to receive methylprednisolone during the first 35 days after transplant to improve GVHD prevention, whereas 74 patients were randomized not to receive methylprednisolone. The randomized trial enabled us to examine whether methylprednisolone increased the risk of infection after marrow grafting. Charts of study patients were analyzed retrospectively for infection events including bacteremia, septicemia, and fungemia. The randomization was stratified by diagnosis, patient age, genotypic HLA identity, and assignment to laminar airflow room isolation. All patients were given a short course of methotrexate (no longer than 11 days) and cyclosporine for no longer than 180 days after marrow transplantation. Methylprednisolone was begun on the day of marrow grafting at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight intravenously in divided AM and PM doses through day 22. Methylprednisolone was administered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg in divided doses from days 22 through 35, and then discontinued. Infections were analyzed for the time interval ending on day 65 after transplantation, which included the period of methylprednisolone administration and 1 month thereafter. Seventy-one episodes of first infection events were observed in patients receiving methylprednisolone compared with 47 episodes in patients not receiving the drug. Predominant infections were bacteremias, followed in descending order by fungemias and septicemias. The most prevalent organisms cultured were gram-positive bacteria, especially coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Pseudomonas species were the most common gram negative bacteria, and the most prevalent fungus was Candida albicans. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that patients receiving methylprednisolone had a 1.5 times higher risk of infection (P = .03), with acute GVHD being another independent risk factor for infections (P = .005). Methylprednisolone, when added to GVHD prevention by methotrexate and cyclosporine, increases the risk of infection during the early posttransplantation period.

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Analisis Sentimen Online Review Pengguna Bukalapak Menggunakan Metode Algoritma TF-IDF

JUSS (Jurnal Sains dan Sistem Informasi) ◽

10.22437/juss.v2i2.8469 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Pradita Eko Prasetyo Utomo ◽

Manaar Manaar ◽

Ulfa Khaira ◽

Tri Suratno

Keyword(s):

Text Mining ◽

Sentiment Analysis ◽

Online Review ◽

Retail Market ◽

Online Retail ◽

User Reviews ◽

User Comments ◽

Speed Up ◽

To Receive ◽

Good Rating

Bukalapak is one of the Customer-To Customer (C2C) e-commerce models. This model is the most widely applied and found on e-commerce sites in Indonesia. The Customer-To Customer (C2C) market is currently still dominant in Indonesia's online retail market. Data collected from Euromonitor estimates that the C2C market contributed 3% of the retail market in Indonesia in 2017, while the B2C market contributed 1.7%. One text mining analysis is that sentiment analysis can be applied to companies that issue a product or service and provide services to receive opinions (feedback) from consumers for the product. Sentiment analysis is applied to classify positive, negative, and neutral feedback from consumers so as to speed up and simplify the company's task to review their product deficiencies. The researcher conducted further analysis on Bukalapak user reviews to find out how user comments or opinions were on Bukalapak using the TF-IDF Algorithm method. And it can be concluded that based on customer review reviews in Bukalapak have a good rating or perception of this Vans shoe product. Can be seen from the results of Sentiments, Sentiment Visualization and WordCloud Visualization which shows that positive reviews have a higher frequency of 70%.

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