scholarly journals Who Calls the Shots? The Insiders and Outsiders of (Un)just Participation in Slovenian Elementary Schools

Šolsko polje ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol XXXI (3-4) ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Urban Boljka ◽  
Jasmina Rosič ◽  
Tamara Narat
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Child Participation ◽  
School Communities ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
High Educational Attainment ◽  
Economically Deprived ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Educational

The article deals with inequalities in exercising the right to participate in elementary schools in Slovenia. We chiefly focus on the participation of children in various participatory practices such as class communities represented by class representatives, school communities in some cases represented by school representatives, the Children’s Parliament etc. Our findings (based on thematic analysis of 15 focus groups with 157 children) show that class representatives and forum participants are most often selected based on their personality traits (eloquent children actively involved in class and outside school activities, children with exemplary behaviour who are driven, independent, reliable, trusted and popular among classmates and teachers) and/or their high educational attainment. They are perceived to have better opportunities and talents than other children and, in principle, come from families which are not socio-economically deprived. On the contrary, pupils from disadvantaged socio-economic and cultural backgrounds, children with behavioural, emotional and learning difficulties do not receive the opportunity to actively participate and are (at best) merely represented. Using both the Rawlsian approach to the conceptualisation of justice (1971, 1999) and the recognition approach (Fraser, 2001), we assess whether the arrangement and practice of child participation in schools in Slovenia may be considered just. We argue that, according to the first approach, the arrangement of child participation in elementary schools in Slovenia can be considered just under certain conditions whereas, according to the second approach, less so. Child participation lacks substantive equality in participation outcomes even though in principle all children have the same right to participate.

The importance of passionate individuals for navigating school arts provision in 19 Australian schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1321103X2110325
Author(s):  
Katrina Skewes McFerran ◽  
Alexander HD Crooke ◽  
Megan Steele ◽  
John Hattie ◽  
Gary E McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Student Development ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Traditional School ◽  
School Communities ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Leadership Support ◽  
Arts Programs

Arts programs are increasingly recognized for their role in promoting student development and cohesive school communities. Yet, most Australian schools are left to navigate a landscape characterized by shifting policy goals and external providers of diverse quality and intent. Drawing on interviews with 27 stakeholders from 19 Catholic primary schools in Melbourne, Australia, we explored key approaches to arts provision in this context, and conditions that hinder and support it. Approaches varied markedly, from school-wide programs embedded across the curriculum, to one-off incursions. Conditions consistently affecting provision ranged from leadership support to a community’s view of the arts. Programs regularly relied on individuals passionate about arts to go beyond their paid roles, yet this frequently jeopardized sustainability. Overall, the approaches identified, and conditions affecting their sustainability, reveal a lack of value for school arts at policy and administration levels. This lack of value is not demonstrated in the provision of other traditional school activities like math or literacy, which begs consideration by policymakers and school administrators.

scholarly journals DESAIN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN STEM UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Ghullam Hamdu ◽  
Nur Itsna Rostiana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Stem Learning ◽  
Design Validation ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Research Stage ◽  
Validation Testing

This study aims to find the right design that can be used by students in achieving 4C abilities (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity).This research is a Research and Development research with this research stage starting from needs analysis, drafting design, validation, testing and final revision. This research was conducted at two different elementary schools in the City of Tasikmalaya. The LKS test was conducted by describing the changes in the results of the LKS entries by grade 5 students in groups at two different elementary schools in the city of Tasikmalaya, West Java. The resulting design is a LKS that is based on the STEM learning stages and the revision LKS is based on the results of student entries in the LKS. The results of this LKS become an indication of how students can complete assignments by understanding the various commands or activities contained in the LKS in writing.

scholarly journals Gender Participation and Preference: A Multiple-Case Study on Teaching Circus at PE in Brazilians Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Coelho Bortoleto ◽  
Teresa Ontañón Barragán ◽  
Leonora Tanasovici Cardani ◽  
Alisan Funk ◽  
Caroline Capellato Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
After School ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Gender Preferences ◽  
School Activities ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: After more than a decade monitoring physical education instruction in Brazilian elementary schools we noticed an exponential increase in circus activities in both curricular physical education (PE) and in after-school programs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the children's participation and gender preferences in circus activities, with regard to recent studies reporting substantial gender inequalities in Brazilian PE.Method: A qualitative study, based on multiple-cases design, was conducted in two public and six private Brazilian elementary schools. Data collection consisted of 17 semi-structured interviews with PE teachers and school administrators and in situ observations totalizing more than 130 h. The data were analyzed using Content Analysis (thematic categories).Results: Boys and girls showed high participation levels in both curricular and extracurricular PE circus activities. In grades 1–5, participant activity preference was not linked to gender in either curricular or extracurricular situations and overall physical engagement was high. Gender preferences between activities were identified in grades 6–12: girls for aerial activities (trapeze, silks) and boys for juggling activities. Teacher preferences played an important role in the process of linking activities to specific genders both through modeled behavior and gendered encouragement of participants.Conclusion: Circus instruction engages children of all genders and is thereby an effective activity to counter low participation in PE for boys and, especially, girls. Although circus activities are not inherently gendered, gender preferences are cultivated by teachers through gendered behavior modeling (their activity preferences) and encouragement strategies (guiding students to activities based on gender), which is often observed in traditional PE school activities and sports.

Spain’s LGBT Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerman Calvo ◽  
J. Ignacio Pichardo
Keyword(s):  
Political Agenda ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Gay Liberation ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Lgbt Activism ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
Change Identification ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Lgbt Movement

The LGBT movement has been successful in improving the legal and social standing of sexual minorities in Spain; this includes the recognition of same-sex marriages, joint adoption, and the right to change identification in public registers. The movement has also contributed to a wider acceptance of LGBT diversity at the societal level. LGBT mobilizations in Spain started in the 1970s, with the transition toward democracy. The first political generation of activists believed in gay liberation, supported revolutionary ideas, and defended street protesting. This did not prevent activists from seeking collaboration with the state, as urgent legal action was required to end the criminalization of homosexual relations. After a decade of demobilization, a new generation of activists revamped LGBT activism in Spain during the 1990s, again with a well-defined political agenda: reacting to the devastation caused by AIDS, and also to the changes taking place in the international stage, the new “proud” generation demanded not only individual rights, but also family rights. The legalization of same-sex marriage (and joint adoption) in 2005 was the outcome of a vibrant cycle of mobilization. Contrary to some expectations, the Spanish LGBT movement has not become the victim of its own success. By shifting its attention toward the goal of substantive equality and by reaching out to new communities, the movement remains influential and vigilant against threats posed by the consolidation of new forms of conservative countermobilization.

Population differences in health-related quality of life between cancer survivors and controls: Does low educational attainment widen the gap?

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482090875
Author(s):  
Finn Breinholt Larsen ◽  
Jes Bak Sørensen ◽  
Claus Vinther Nielsen ◽  
Anne-Mette Hedeager Momsen ◽  
Karina Friis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
High Educational Attainment ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
High Educational

Aims: This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cancer survivors and controls in the Danish population, with special attention given to the impact of low educational attainment. Comparisons were made at population level and for subgroups stratified by education. Furthermore, comparisons were made for all cancer diagnoses combined and for the 14 most prevalent cancer sites and ‘other cancer sites’. Finally, the importance of time since initial diagnosis was examined. Methods: HRQOL was measured using the physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) of the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 in a population-based survey. By linking data with the Danish Cancer Registry, 11,166 cancer survivors and 151,117 individuals with no history of cancer were identified. Results: HRQOL was reduced in cancer survivors for all cancers combined and most cancer sites. Differences were found at population level and stratified by educational attainment. PCS was reduced to a similar extent in the three educational groups, whereas MCS was reduced slightly more in the low than in the high educational attainment group. HRQOL increased with time since initial diagnosis during the first years. Conclusions: Cancer survivors had lower HRQOL than controls, and HRQOL was lower in the low than in the high educational attainment group. However, low educational attainment did not widen the gap in HRQOL following a cancer diagnosis. Despite this, the combined effect of low educational attainment and a cancer diagnosis markedly reduced HRQOL in some cancer survivors. The study identified groups of cancer survivors with low HRQOL who may have unmet rehabilitation needs.

A cooperative university-district in-service program

1968 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-451
Author(s):  
A. Earl Catmull
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School District ◽  
Elementary Principal ◽  
Television Program ◽  
Service Program ◽  
School Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Academic Year

A new series of textbooks came into the mathematics programs of the forty-four elementary schools of Granite School District in the 1965/66 academic year. During the previous school year, the district bad sponsored an in-service television program one afternoon each week. Each elementary principal and teacher was expected to take advantage of this opportunity in order to prepare for the coming new programs. It was a step in the right direction, but it was quite insufficient.

scholarly journals Inequalities in women’s mortality by education / Neenakosti v umrljivosti žensk po izobrazbi

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Mateja Rok Simon ◽  
Sonja Tomšič ◽  
Jožica Šelb Šemerl ◽  
Petra Nadrag ◽  
Barbara Mihevc Ponikvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
High Educational Attainment ◽  
Socioeconomic Gaps ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
High Educational

Abstract Background: Researchers have found that mortality is decreasing in all socioeconomic population groups but the relative differences in mortality between lower and higher social classes remain unchanged or have even increased. In Slovenia this has not yet been studied. Methods: The analysis included all women in Slovenia who died in the 2005-2010 period and were recorded in the Registry of deaths. Cause of death data was linked to data on the educational attainment of the deceased person, which was applied successfully in 98.8% of cases. The rate ratios (RR) for age-standardised death rates were calculated for women with a low and high educational attainment. Results: The calculated gap in life expectancy at age 30 between women with low and high educational attainment stood at 5.5 years. Women aged 0-84 with a low educational attainment had a statistically significant higher risk of death than women with a high educational attainment (RR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.57-1.73). Inequalities in premature mortality were even greater (1.78; 1.65-1.93). Educational inequalities in premature mortality were revealed in the majority of causes of death, e.g. cervical cancer (1.99; 1.22-3.67), lung cancer (1.70; 1.30-2.26), cardiovascular diseases (3.02; 2.41-3.91), causes directly attributable to alcohol (7.34; 4.96-12.27), motor vehicle accidents (2.23; 1.21-4.45) and suicide (1.68; 1.19-2.41). Conclusions: Significant socioeconomic gaps in women’s mortality in Slovenia obligate us to more systematic monitoring of health inequalities in the future. Further research is required in order to clarify specific reasons for the major gaps in mortality from specific causes of death.

scholarly journals INTESTATE SUCCESSION AND THE SURVIVOR OF AN UNFORMALISED SAME-SEX CONJUGAL RELATIONSHIP: Laubscher No v Duplan 2017 (2) SA 264 (CC)

Obiter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cameron Wood-Bodley
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Lesbian Relationship ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Civil Union ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Domestic Partnerships ◽  
The Right

When a person dies intestate his or her heirs are determined by the provisions of section 1(1) and (2) of the Intestate Succession Act 81 of 1987. Included amongst the heirs is the deceased’s surviving spouse, who either takes the entire estate or shares it with the deceased’s descendants (if any). Historically, the reference to “spouse” in the Act was taken to mean a person to whom the deceased was married in terms of the Marriage Act 25 of 1961. Accordingly, persons who were married to the deceased merely by religious rites and persons with whom the deceased was in a long-term conjugal relationship that was unformalised by marriage were excluded.The advent of constitutional democracy in South Africa resulted in a number of challenges to this status quo through reliance on the equality clause of the Bill of Rights. As a result of these challenges it has now been recognised that the survivor of a Hindu marriage, a monogamous Muslim marriage, and a polygynous Muslim marriage all have the right to inherit on intestacy as a “spouse”. Furthermore, in a groundbreaking decision in Gory v Kolver NO (Starke and others intervening) (2007 (4) SA 97 (CC)) the Constitutional Court recognised that the exclusion of the surviving partner of a gay or lesbian relationship from the right to inherit on intestacy was unconstitutional, and directed that the relevant sections of the Intestate Succession Act be amended by a reading-in of additional words to remedy the unconstitutionality. These words conferred the right to inherit on intestacy on the survivor of a monogamous permanent same-sex partnership in which the partners undertook reciprocal duties of support. At the time of writing no survivor of an unformalised opposite-sex relationship has challenged his or her exclusion from intestate succession. Possibly this reticence has been influenced by the decision in Volks NO v Robinson (2005 (5) BCLR 446 (CC)) (hereinafter “Volks”). In Volks the Constitutional Court held that it is not unconstitutional for the Maintenance of Surviving Spouses Act 27 of 1990 to distinguish between married and unmarried persons by giving the survivor of a marriage a claim for reasonable maintenance against the estate of the deceased spouse but not giving a similar claim to the survivor of a relationship in which the parties did not marry.Paleker has raised the question whether the Gory order “must still be applied in light of the Civil Union Act” but he comes to no firm conclusion, and states tentatively that “if marriage … is a precondition for inheriting, persons in same-sex unions who have not solemnised their relationship after the coming into force of the Civil Union Act … may be precluded from inheriting intestate from each other”. On the other hand De Waal and Schoeman-Malan are clearly of the view that the order in the Gory case still operates and – whilst regarding the current position as “anomalous” – they state that it “will probably continue until the Domestic Partnerships Bill [GN36 in GG 30663 of 2008-1-14] eventually does become law”. This has also been the interpretation accepted by the Master’s office acting on advice from the Senior State Law Advisor. The different treatment accorded same-sex couples by the continued retention of the benefits conferred by Gory has been defended on the grounds of substantive equality, since many practical obstacles still stand in the way of same-sex couples formalising their relationships.The question of the continued applicability of the reading-in order in Gory has now come before the Constitutional Court in Laubscher NO v Duplan (2017 (2) SA 264 (CC)) and it is this case which is the focus of this note.

scholarly journals HAK-HAK PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGARUSUTAMAAN RATIFIKASI CEDAW DAN MAQĀṢID ASY-SYARĪ‘AH

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
ARIFAH MILLATI AGUSTINA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
International Community ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Millenium Development Goals ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Right

A concern in the elimination of discrimination against women with special treatment is recognized by the international community. This is manifested in the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW), which aims at achieving the equality and justice. The elimination of discrimination acts as the mainstreaming of women towards the gender equality. It is even formulated as a basic need for the promotion of the human rights in the millennium development goals. This article discusses maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah with the principle of substantive equality, the principle of non-discrimination in the fulfillment of basic freedoms and human rights, and the principle of state obligation that has the responsibility to ensure the realization of the right equality of men and women using the approach of al-maṣlaḥah.[Perhatian pada penghapusan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan dengan perlakuan khusus diakui oleh dunia Internasional. Hal ini diwujudkan dalam Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Againts Women (CEDAW) yang bertujuan untuk mencapai persamaan dan keadilan. Penghapusan diskriminasi tersebut berperan sebagai pengarusutamaan perempuan menuju kesetaraan gender. Bahkan hal ini dirumuskan sebagai kebutuhan dasar pemajuan hak asasi manusia dalam millenium development goals. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah dengan prinsip kesetaraan substantif, prinsip non-diskriminasi dalam pemenuhan kebebasan-kebebasan dasar dan hak asasi manusia, serta prinsip kewajiban negara yang memiliki tanggungjawab untuk memastikan terwujudnya persamaan hak laki-laki dan perempuan, dengan menggunakan pendekatan al-maṣlaḥah.]

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