scholarly journals Application of Geological Radar Method in Exploration of Reservoir Complex Pipelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yan ◽  
Aiyu Qu ◽  
Hong Cai ◽  
Dingsong Xie ◽  
Shuaifeng Wu

Geodesic radar method is a non-destructive geophysical method to detect underground geological structure based on the differences in conductivity, magnetism and dielectric constants of different substances. This method has the advantages of economy, fast, continuous, accurate, non-destructive, non-contact, etc. It is applicable to both metal and non-metal pipelines, and it is the preferred tool for underground pipeline detection. In this paper, the geological radar method is used to detect the complex pipe network around Daning Reservoir in detail by laying out multiple detection lines. It provides basic support for the later pipe network rectification. The research results can provide experience for the detection of the complex pipe network in the urban reservoir.

Author(s):  
С.А. Мамаев ◽  
А.Р. Юсупов ◽  
А.С. Мамаев ◽  
З.А. Юсупов

В данной статье даны особенности геологического строения района газопроявления «Цущар» в Кулинском районе на отложениях среднеюрского возраста, предлагается геолого-структурная схема возможного формирования залежи нефти и газа. Незначительные проявления газоносности, связанные обычно с минеральными источниками и подчиненные мощной толще юрских сланцев, развитых на значительных площадях нагорного Дагестана, начали обращать на себя внимание с 1931 г., в связи с поисками месторождений легких редких газов. Анализы газов показывают повышенное содержание легких редких газов в целом ряде месторождений нагорного Дагестана. Кроме группы месторождений Южного Дагестана известен пока только один выход горючего газа в Центральном Дагестане – Кулинском районе. На него указывает в своем рукописном отчете Дагестанскому Совнархозу геолог Н. М. Леднев. Этот выход подчинен юрским сланцам, связан с нарушениями неотектонического характера, образованными в результате сейсмической активизации региона. Цель исследования. Целью наших исследований является обоснование перспектив газоносности Горного Дагестана. На изучаемой территории отмечается наличие неправильных куполовидных складок с неожиданными направлениями их осей, пересекающими основное направление складчатости, частичными местными уклонениями в залегании пластов. Методы исследования. Основными методами исследования при изучении перспектив газоносности Горного Дагестана являлись геолого-структурный, стратиграфический, морфологический, тектонический и дешифрирование аэрофотоснимков. Результаты исследования. По сравнению с Предгорным Дагестаном и Прикумским районом, Горный Дагестан был подвержен более интенсивным геотектоническим движениям, неоднократно подвергался складчатости, испытал инверсию, со значительно большей амплитудой, что привело к усиленной денудации, развитию трещиноватости и разрывов, метаморфизму пород и органических образований. Все это отрицательно влияло на сохранение нефти и газа. Можно предполагать, что многие залежи, сформировавшиеся при прохождении продуцирующими толщами главной фазы нефтеобразования, были разрушены в периоды активизации тектонической деятельности на рубеже юры и мела, мела и палеогена. В дальнейшем шла генерация, преимущественно, газообразных углеводородов, которые при особенно благоприятных условиях могли сохраниться до настоящего времени. По результатам исследований можно утверждать, что газовое проявление Цущар могло проявиться в 1622, 1652 гг. в результате сильных землетрясений, эпицентр которых располагался в пределахисследуемого района This article describes the features of the geological structure of the Tsushar gas show area in the Kulinsky region on the Middle Jurassic deposits, and proposes a geological-structural diagram of the possible formation of oil and gas deposits. Minor manifestations of gas content, usually associated with mineral springs and subordinate to a thick stratum of Jurassic shales, developed over large areas of highland Dagestan, began to attract attention from 1931, in connection with the search for deposits of light rare gases. Gas analyzes show an increased content of light rare gases in a number of fields in highland Dagestan. In addition to the group of fields in Southern Dagestan, only one outlet of combustible gas in Central Dagestan is known – the Kulinsky region. It is pointed out in his handwritten report to the Dagestan Economic Council by the geologist N. M. Lednev. This outlet is subordinate to the Jurassic shale and is associated with neotectonic disturbances formed as a result of seismic activation of the region. Aim. The purpose of our research is to substantiate the prospects for gas content in Gorny Dagestan. In the study area, there are irregular dome-shaped folds with unexpected directions of their axes crossing the main direction of folding, partial local deviations in bedding. Methods. The main research methods in the study of the prospects for the gas content of Mountainous Dagestan were geological-structural, stratigraphic, morphological, tectonic and additional aerial photographs. Research results. Compared to Piedmont Dagestan and Prikumskiy region, Gorny Dagestan was subject to more intense geotectonic movements, repeatedly underwent folding, experienced inversion, with a much higher amplitude, which led to increased denudation, the development of fracturing and fractures, metamorphism of rocks and organic formations. All of this negatively affected the conservation of oil and gas. It can be assumed that many deposits, formed during the passage of the producing strata of the main phase of oil formation, were destroyed during periods of intensified tectonic activity at the boundary between the Jurassic and Cretaceous, Cretaceous and Paleogene. In the future, there was the generation of mainly gaseous hydrocarbons, which, under especially favorable conditions, could persist to the present day. According to the research results, it can be argued that the gas manifestation of Tsushar could have manifested itself in 1622, 1652. as a result of strong earthquakes, the epicenter, which was located within the study area


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Husein ◽  
Saptono Budi Samodra ◽  
Subagyo Pramumijoyo ◽  
Wahyu Astuti

Kedulan Site is the buried and ruined 9th century Mataram Hindu Kingdom temple, located in Tirtomartani Village, Kalasan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province. This temple was incidentally discovered by sand diggers on 24 November 1993 under several meter thick of fluvio-volcanic deposit of the modern Merapi. Several technical studies were needed to carefully excavate the temple, including geology and geophysical approaches. One of the geophysical method have been applied was ground penetration radar (georadar). This method uses radar technology to obtain a continuous profile of the shallow sub-surface and thus allows scientists to image soil substratums based on differing dielectric constants. Georadar investigation by Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, was conducted on 4 December 2007. The main purpose was to identify the location of the outer stone fence as an estimation to define the temple site area to be excavated. About one line was chosen to cross the site in north-south direction in a distance of 328 m. Two runs were completed on the same line but different courses, i.e. forward and backward, where one was checked with another. The result indicates the presence of the outer stone fence was possibly buried in a depth of 7 m. It was located about 40 m distance outside the inner stone fence. Assuming the fences were quadrangle relative to the main temple, hence it is estimated that the site area to be excavated is about 13.830 m² and total 96.808 m³ gravels and sands to be removed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Arstanbek Abdiev ◽  
Rakhat Mambetova ◽  
Aziz Abdiev ◽  
Sher Abdiev

This paper studies the rock mass stress state under highland conditions, depending on the geological structure of a particular rock mass area, the tectonic field of stresses and the region relief. This study is aimed to develop an experimental method for assessing and monitoring the properties and state of the rock mass adjacent to mine workings. Experimental studies are performed through stresses measurements in-situ. Based on research results, it has been revealed that the geological structures, tectonic fields of stresses and the earth’s surface relief of the deposit normally reflect the values and direction of the main stresses acting in the mass. These patterns can be used to predict and assess the stress state of the rock mass. During the mass stress state assessment, quantitative dependences have been obtained for determining the stress tensors conditioned by the overlying rocks weight, tectonics and fracturing, and the deposit surface relief The research results make possible to assess the nature of the stresses distribution, to identify the areas of reduced, equal, increased and maximum stresses concentration of the virgin mass, as well as to increase the efficiency of the geoacoustic control developed by the authors for the state of the mass adjacent to mine working. According to the new patterns and dependences obtained, the values and directions have been scientifically determined of the main stresses action, as well as the zones of stresses manifestation. These patterns and dependences are valuable for designing and planning the development of mining operations.


2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 525-537
Author(s):  
SAADAT. A. SIDDIQI ◽  
NASIR A. KHAN ◽  
M. SABIEH ANWAR

Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is a non-destructive technique used for obtaining valuable information about bulk conductivities, dielectric constants, phase composition and grain boundaries of important ceramic materials, amongst many others. We obtained Nyquist plots for four different hot-pressed Si 3 N 4 samples in two different frequency regimes: 1 Hz to 30 MHz and 1 kHz to 100 kHz. The information obtained was compared against results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The limitations of the frequency response techniques are also discussed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Carolina Narjara Mazzini Amaral ◽  
Lúcia Maria da Costa e Silva

ABSTRACT. The most important information about asphalt pavement is layer thickness. This information indicates whether or not the project specifications were met, and can also direct future recovery plans. Verifying these data relies on destructive techniques, such as boreholes, which may be expensive or even render verification unfeasible. Using the electromagnetic geophysical method known as ground penetrating radar (GPR), it is possible to verify compliance with pavement project specifications in an efficient and non-destructive way. We present an example of the use of GPR for this purpose obtained on a paved road at the campus of the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), in Brazil. The GPR survey enabled individual pavement layers be identified. The comparison of the thickness of these layers, and those found in a borehole drilled during the GPR survey, with the thickness specified by the construction project plans, showed significant discrepancies. Keywords: ground penetrating radar, GPR, asphalt layer thickness. RESUMO. As informações mais importantes sobre o pavimento asfáltico são a espessura de suas camadas. Estas quantidades indicam se as especificações do projeto foram atendidas e podem também direcionar planos futuros de recuperação. A verificação desses dados depende de técnicas destrutivas, tais como perfurações, que podem encarecê-la ou até torná-la inviável. Com o método geofísico GPR é possível verificar o cumprimento das especificações de projeto de pavimentação asfáltica de maneira eficiente e não destrutiva. Apresentamos um exemplo obtido em uma estrada pavimentada no campus da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA, Brasil) que permitiu a identificação das camadas do pavimento com o GPR. A comparação dessas espessuras e daquelas obtidas por meio de um furo perfurado durante o levantamento GPR com as espessuras especificadas pelo projeto de construção mostram discrepâncias significativas. Palavras-chave: radar de penetração do solo, GPR, espessura de pavimentação asfáltica.


Author(s):  
Vadim S. Potylitsyn ◽  
Danil S. Kudinov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kokhonkova

Currently, the problem of non-destructive testing of rail lashes or rolling stock is quite acute, as the demands of both speed characteristics and vehicle safety increase every year. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of recording frequencies of natural oscillations by the radar method for rail lashes and the influence of the dimensions of the cavity-type defect. For this purpose, a laboratory bench was created with a standard rail, the length of 1.19 m of the P-65 brand, in which free oscillations were excited using a shock impulse load. Measurements of natural oscillation frequencies of the rail were recorded on a 24-bit ADC and a specialized accelerometer ZETLAB BC110. To register the oscillations, a Doppler radar with a frequency of 10 GHz was used, which was installed at the focus of a parabolic mirror offset antenna with a 1.6-meter diameter. It was found that a “field” defect shifts the frequency mode of oscillation 750 Hz upwards. It is shown that the hole in the rail neck with a diameter of 10 mm makes a change in the frequency of about 14 Hz


Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
Q. Feng ◽  
N. Zhang ◽  
H. Tian ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
...  

This paper mainly introduces a device that can be used for underground pipeline survey task. Through the cameras installed on the device, we can obtain stereo synchronous shooting images, and then use the method of close range photogrammetry to investigate and measure underground objects. During working process, the staff put the camera into the well and to control camera shooting from the ground. Greatly improve work efficiency, at the same time to avoid the underground toxis gas damage to people. The main content of this paper includes three parts: hardware design, software development and test production.


2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Lin Wen Jun Zhang ◽  
Nan Lin ◽  
Kai Sheng He ◽  
Deng Wei Tao ◽  
Xian Gang Bi ◽  
...  

By collecting the data of the ground scene and non-destructive detecting of the underground pipe network, using freeform software design of the data collected by the three-dimensional color modeling and rapid prototyping systems will underground complex pipeline modeling, using ground-dimensional graphics and three-dimensional model of underground pipe network combined method, This paper is trying to find out an effective presentation method for the distribution of underground pipe network. Thus, an efficient, realistic, intuitive three-dimensional rapid mapping prototyping service technology corresponds to the ground and underground pipe network scenario is applied to urban planning, municipal infrastructure, scientific management, maintenance and reconstruction.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Hao Liang ◽  
Guoqiu Fan ◽  
Yinghang Li ◽  
Yandong Zhao

The in situ non-destructive quantitative observation of plant roots is difficult. Traditional detection methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also destroy the root environment. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), as a non-destructive detection method, has great potential in the estimation of root parameters. In this paper, we use GprMax software to perform forward modeling of plant roots under different soil dielectric constants, and analyze the situation of plant roots with different dielectric constants and different root diameters under 1.5 GHz frequency antenna detection. Firstly, root systems with increasing diameter under different values of root and soil dielectric constant were scanned. Secondly, from the scanning results, two time points T1 and T2 of radar wave entering and penetrating the root system were defined, and the correlation between root diameter D and time interval ∆T between T1 and T2 was analyzed. Finally, the least square regression model and back propagation (BP) neural network model for root diameter parameter estimation were established, and the estimation effects of the two models were compared and evaluated. The research results show that the root diameter (12–48 mm) is highly correlated with the time interval. Given the dielectric constants of the root and soil, the prediction results of the two models are accurate, but the prediction result of the neural network model is more stable, and the residual between the predicted value and the actual value is mainly concentrated in the [−1.5 mm, 1.5 mm] range, as well as the average of prediction error percentage being 3.62%. When the dielectric constants of the root and soil are unknown, the accuracy of the prediction results of the two models is decreased, but the stability of the neural network model is still superior to the least squares model, and the residual error is mainly concentrated in the range of [−5.3 mm, 5.0 mm], the average of prediction error percentage is 10.19%. This study uses GprMax to simulate root system detection and reveals the theoretical potential of GPR technology for non-destructive estimation of root diameter parameters. It is also pointed out that in the field exploration process, if the dielectric constants of the root and soil in the experimental site are sampled and measured first, the prediction accuracy of the model for root diameter would be effectively improved. This research is based on simulation experiments, so further simulation followed by laboratory and field testing is warranted using non-uniform roots and soil.


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