The effects of neuroplasticity-based auditory information processing remediation in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Voelbel ◽  
Hannah M. Lindsey ◽  
Giulia Mercuri ◽  
Tamara Bushnik ◽  
Joseph Rath
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Function ◽  
Auditory Information Processing

BACKGROUND: Adults with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) may experience long-term deficits in multiple cognitive domains. Higher-order functions, such as verbal memory, are impacted by deficits in the ability to acquire verbal information. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of a neuroplasticity-based computerized cognitive remediation program for auditory information processing in adults with a chronic TBI. METHODS: Forty-eight adults with TBI were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Both groups underwent a neuropsychological assessment at baseline and post-training. The Intervention group received 40 one-hour cognitive training sessions with the Brain Fitness Program. RESULTS: The intervention group improved in performance on measures of the Woodcock-Johnson-III Understanding Directions subtest and Trail Making Test Part-A. They also reported improvement on the cognitive domain of the Cognitive Self-Report Questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that a neuroplasticity-based computerized cognitive remediation program may improve objective and subjective cognitive function in adults with TBI several years post-injury.

scholarly journals Gamma Band Response during Auditory Information Processing in Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
N. Domján ◽  
G. Csifcsák ◽  
E.A. Garab ◽  
I. Szendi ◽  
Z. Janka
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potential ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Auditory Information Processing ◽  
P50 Suppression

Aims:In the present study we investigated the correlation between evoked gamma activity and P50 suppression and between induced gamma activity and P300 amplitude on one schizophrenic population. These kind of auditory processing impairments are substantial in schizophrenia.Methods:Thirty-one patients with schizophrenia and twenty-one controls were involved. Electroencephalogram was recorded with 19 Zn electrodes, which were placed according to the international 10-20 system.Results:P50 suppression was significantly reduced in schizophrenic patients (F(1,53)=9.89, p=0.03). There was a not significant reduction in the early evoked gamma response. Furthermore, we found no correlation between P50 amplitudes and gamma amplitude for the first stimulus in neither groups, while there was a significant correlation for the second click in the control group (R=0.43, p=0.03 for controls, R=0.18, p=0.30 for patients). the amplitude of the P300 auditory evoked potential was significantly reduced at Pz electrode in schizophrenic patients (F(1,53)=11.91, p=0.01). Induced gamma response around the peak P300 latency was diminished in the patient group (F(1,53)=11.12, p=0.002). There was no correlation between P300 amplitudes and gamma amplitude in neither group.Conclusion:According to our results evoked and induced gamma activity is differentially affected in schizophrenia during auditory information processing. the absence of late induced gamma response during target stimulus detection among patients might reflect abnormal functional connectivity between different cortical areas, and result in inefficient integration and utilization of sensory stimuli.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Atorvastatin Administration on the Outcomes of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Soltani ◽  
Farahzad Janatmakan ◽  
Sara Jorairahmadi ◽  
Fatemeh Javaherforooshzadeh ◽  
Pooyan Alizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Disability Rating Scale ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the common causes of long-term disabilities and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin administration on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and Disability Rating Scale (DRS) in patients with TBI. Methods: This double-blinded randomized clinical trial included 60 patients with TBI in Golestan Hospital of Ahvaz, Iran. After obtaining an informed consent from all patients, the patients were randomly assigned into two groups. For the intervention group, atorvastatin with a daily dose of 20 mg was used. The control group was administered the same amount of placebo for 10 days. Changes in the level of consciousness were measured using the GCS, and functional recovery rate in patients was measured by GOS and DRS in the third follow-up month. Results: According to the obtained results, compared with the control group, the atorvastatin administration significantly increased the level of GCS and DRS within 2 - 3 months post-intervention and improved GOS since the tenth day after the study (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results revealed the positive effect of atorvastatin on the improvement of outcomes measurements such as GCS, DRS, and GOS in patients after moderate and severe TBI.

scholarly journals Evaluation the effects of pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on the inflammatory biomarkers, nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients, in Intensive Care Unit; A Randomized Clinical Trial protocol

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Malekahmadi ◽  
Omid Moradi Moghaddam ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Kiarash Tanha ◽  
Mohsen Nematy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major health and socioeconomic problems in the world. Immune-enhancing enteral formula has been proven to significantly reduce infection rate in TBI patient. One of the ingredients that can be used in immunonutrition formulas to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress is pycnogenol. Objective: surveying the effect of pycnogenol on the clinical, nutritional and inflammatory status of TBI patients. Methods: This is double-blind, randomized controlled trial . Block randomization will be used. Intervention group will receive pycnogenol supplementation of 150 mg for 10 days. Control group will receive placebo for the same duration. Inflammatory status (IL-6, IL- 1β, C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress status (Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity), at the base line, at the 5 th day and at the end of the study (10 th day) will be measured. Clinical and nutritional status will be assessed three times during the intervention. SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) questionnaire for assessment of organ failure will be filled out every other day. The mortality rate will be calculated within 28 days of the start of the intervention. Weight, body mass index and body composition will be measured. All analyses will be conducted by initially assigned study arm in an intention-to-treat analysis. Discussion: We expect that supplementation of 150 mg pycnogenol for 10 days will improve clinical and nutritional status and reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of the TBI patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation the effects of Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on the inflammatory biomarkers, nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients, in Intensive Care Unit; A Randomized Clinical Trial protocol

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Malekahmadi ◽  
Omid Moradi Moghaddam ◽  
Mohsen Nematy ◽  
Safieh Firouzi ◽  
Abdolreza Norouzy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major health and socioeconomic problems in the world. Immune-enhancing enteral formula has been proven to significantly reduce infection rate in TBI patient. One of the ingredients that can be used in immunonutrition formulas to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress is pycnogenol. Objective surveying the effect of pycnogenol on the clinical, nutritional and inflammatory status of TBI patients. Methods This is double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Block randomization are used. Intervention group will receive pycnogenol supplement 150 mg for 10 days. Control group will receive placebo for the same duration. Inflammatory status (IL-6, IL- 1β, C-reactive protein, IL-10) and oxidative stress status (Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity), at the base line, at the 5th day and at the end of the study (10th day) are measured. Clinical and nutritional status will be assessed three times during the intervention. SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) questionnaire for assessment of organ failure filled out every other day. The mortality rate will be asked within 28 days of the start of the intervention. Weight, body mass index and body composition are measured. All analyses will be conducted by initially assigned study arm in an intention-to-treat analysis. Discussion we will expect supplementation of 150 mg pycnogenol improves clinical and nutritional status of the TBI patients and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in the 10 days of intervention.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of a family-centred intervention after traumatic brain injury: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110103
Author(s):  
Mari S Rasmussen ◽  
Nada Andelic ◽  
Are H Pripp ◽  
Tonje H Nordenmark ◽  
Helene L Soberg
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of a family-centred intervention for patients with traumatic brain injury and family members. Design: Open-labelled, two-armed randomised controlled trial. Settings: Outpatient clinic and family residences. Participants: Sixty-one patients (33 women) with traumatic brain injury, with mean (SD) age 43.8 (12.2), and 63 family members (33 women), with mean (SD) age 42.6 (11.3), were assign to intervention ( n = 30 families) and control group ( n = 31 families). Intervention: An eight-session single-family intervention to improve individual and family functioning. Outcome measures: Self-reported questionnaires at start-of-treatment, median (IQR) 11.4 (8.4, 15.9) months post-injury, and at two follow-ups, 2.7 (2.3, 3.8) and 9.2 (8.2, 9.9) months after start-of-treatment. Primary outcome measures were the SF-36 Mental Component Summary (MCS) and Caregiver Burden Scale (CGB). Secondary outcome measures were the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES) and Quality of Life after Brain Injury Questionnaire (QOLIBRI). Group differences were analysed with linear mixed-model analysis for repeated measurements. Results: No significant between-group differences were found. The intervention group significantly improved on the MCS, the CGB and FACES in the treatment period, whereas the controls did not. The mean (SD) MCS change in the treatment period was 2.4 (1.1) points P = 0.028 in the intervention group. Mean (SE) MCS scores were 47.9 (1.26) and 47.3 (1.27) in the intervention and control group at last follow-up. Conclusions: Receiving an eight-session family intervention, in addition to specialised rehabilitation for the patients, was not superior to rehabilitation at a specialised traumatic brain injury outpatient clinic.

scholarly journals Randomized Control Trial For Transcranial Doppler monitoring in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

Abstract Traumatic Brain Injury is the leading cause of disability and mortality throughout the world. It temporarily or permanently impairs the brain function. Primary injury is induced by mechanical forces and occurs at the moment of injury while secondary brain damage may occurs hours or even days after the traumatic event. This injury may result from impairment or local decline in the cerebral blood flow. Decreases in cerebral blood flow are the result of local edema, hemorrhage or increased intracranial pressure. Although major progress has been made in understanding of the pathophysiology of this injury, this has not yet led to substantial improvements in outcome. Traumatic Brain Injury is associated with various complications including raised intracranial pressure, midline shift due to worsening of the volume of intracranial hematoma, cerebral vasospasm in traumatic sub arachnoid hemorrhage. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) has been utilized as a monitoring tool in the neurocritical care unit since it is non-invasive tool and that can be brought to bedside.However, its utility in using as a protocol in management of traumatic brain injury patients has not been studied.We hypothesized that daily TCD followed by early performance of Neuroimaging (CT scan) and Neurosurgical intervention will lead to improvement in clinical outcome.Our study’s design is Randomized Controlled Trial with neurosurgical intervention based upon the Intervention Group as the TCD-Monitoring/Neuroimaging vs Control Group as the Clinical Imaging/Neurological status. Our study’s outcome is 90 days’ clinical outcome (modified rankin scale) and Glasgow Coma Outcome Scale.

Effect of Continuous Display of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure on Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Kirkness ◽  
Robert L. Burr ◽  
Kevin C. Cain ◽  
David W. Newell ◽  
Pamela H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
End Points ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Injured Patients

• Background Clinical bedside monitoring systems do not provide prominent displays of data on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Immediate visual feedback would allow more rapid intervention to prevent or minimize suboptimal pressures. • Objective To evaluate the effect of a highly visible CPP display on immediate and long-term functional outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury. • Methods A total of 157 patients with traumatic brain injury at a level 1 trauma center who had invasive arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure monitoring were randomized to beds with or without an additional, prominent continuous CPP display. Primary end points were scores on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) and Functional Status Examination (FSE) 6 months after injury. Secondary end points were GOSE scores at discharge and 3 months after injury and FSE score 3 months after injury. • Results Although GOSE and FSE scores at 6 months were better in the group with the highly visible CPP display, the differences were not significant. Slope of recovery for GOSE and FSE over all follow-up time points did not differ significantly between groups. However, the intervention’s positive effect on odds of survival at hospital discharge was strong and significant. Within a subgroup of more severely injured patients, the intervention group was much less likely than the control group to have CPP deviations. • Conclusions The presence of a highly visible display of CPP was associated with significantly better odds of survival and overall condition at discharge.

The Effect of Cognitive Remediation Therapy on Social Skills in Institutionalized Elderly Patients with Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mohammadi ◽  
Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz ◽  
Seyedeh Ameneh Motalebi ◽  
Shahnaz Boosepasi
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Remediation Therapy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly

Background: There are limited scientific investigations on cognitive remediation in elderly patients with schizophrenia. The present study was aimed to examine the efficacy of cognitive remediation therapy on social skills in institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The study employed a randomized clinical trial. A total of 60 institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia from Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran were selected and randomly allocated into two equal groups (control and intervention). The intervention group attended to cognitive remediation therapy for 8 weeks. The Evaluation of Living Skills Scale for psychiatric patients was used for data collection. The Chi Square, independent and paired t-tests using SPSS, version 22, were employed to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of 60 elderly patients participated in the study was 65.25 &#177; 4.19 years. No significant differences were found between two groups at baseline. However, independent t-tests showed significant differences between the intervention and the control group in social skills after implementation of intervention. Additionally, the results of paired t-tests revealed significant improvements in intervention group on communication skills (t=5.50, p<0.001), behavioral problems with others (t=5.44, p<0.001), and self-care (t=4.70, p<0.001). No significant differences were observed from pretest to post test in control group. Conclusion: The results of the present study may support the efficacy of cognitive remediation therapy on social skills of elderly patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Remotely delivered environmental enrichment intervention for traumatic brain injury: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e039767
Author(s):  
Zorry Belchev ◽  
Mary Ellene Boulos ◽  
Julia Rybkina ◽  
Kadeen Johns ◽  
Eliyas Jeffay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Navigation Group

IntroductionIndividuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (m-sTBI) experience progressive brain and behavioural declines in the chronic stages of injury. Longitudinal studies found that a majority of patients with m-sTBI exhibit significant hippocampal atrophy from 5 to 12 months post-injury, associated with decreased cognitive environmental enrichment (EE). Encouragingly, engaging in EE has been shown to lead to neural improvements, suggesting it is a promising avenue for offsetting hippocampal neurodegeneration in m-sTBI. Allocentric spatial navigation (ie, flexible, bird’s eye view approach), is a good candidate for EE in m-sTBI because it is associated with hippocampal activation and reduced ageing-related volume loss. Efficacy of EE requires intensive daily training, prohibitive within most current health delivery systems. The present protocol is a novel, remotely delivered and self-administered intervention designed to harness principles from EE and allocentric spatial navigation to offset hippocampal atrophy and potentially improve hippocampal functions such as navigation and memory for patients with m-sTBI.Methods and analysisEighty-four participants with chronic m-sTBI are being recruited from an urban rehabilitation hospital and randomised into a 16-week intervention (5 hours/week; total: 80 hours) of either targeted spatial navigation or an active control group. The spatial navigation group engages in structured exploration of different cities using Google Street View that includes daily navigation challenges. The active control group watches and answers subjective questions about educational videos. Following a brief orientation, participants remotely self-administer the intervention on their home computer. In addition to feasibility and compliance measures, clinical and experimental cognitive measures as well as MRI scan data are collected pre-intervention and post-intervention to determine behavioural and neural efficacy.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained from ethics boards at the University Health Network and University of Toronto. Findings will be presented at academic conferences and submitted to peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberVersion 3, ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04331392).

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury (PASABI): A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Saleky García-Gómez ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Juan José García-Hernández ◽  
Javier Pérez-Tejero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range

Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA programs that respond to the heterogeneity and needs of this population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on the HRQoL in this population. Materials and Methods: With regard to recruitment, after baseline evaluations, participants were assigned to either the intervention group (IG, n = 38) or the control group (CG, n = 35). Functional capacity, mood, quality of life and depression were measured pre- and post-intervention. The IG underwent the “Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury” (PASABI) program, which was designed to improve HRQoL (1-h sessions, two to four sessions/week for 18 weeks). The CG underwent a standard rehabilitation program without PA. Results: Results for the IG indicated significant differences and large effect sizes for the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life, as well as mood and functional capacity, indicating an increase in HRQoL. No significant differences were found for the CG across any variables. Conclusions: The PASABI program was feasible and beneficial for improving physiological and functionality variables in the IG. The wide range of the activities of the PASABI program allow its application to a large number of people with ABI, promoting health through PA, especially in the chronic phase.

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