Modeling the causes-effect relationships among major accident predictors based on a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
Iraj Mohammadfam ◽  
Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi ◽  
Ali Reza Soltanian ◽  
Mohsen Mahdinia

BACKGROUND: Finding the best practices for accident prevention is possible by identifying the influential factors affecting accident occurrence and their interactions as well as implementing corrective actions for the root cause factors. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to determine the cause-effect relationships and the interaction of the influential factors affecting accident occurrence and determine the critical root factors. METHODS: This study was carried out based on the opinions of a panel of experts and used the fuzzy DEMATEL method. RESULTS: The results showed that “organization safety attitude”, “safety communication”, “work and safety training” and “safe design of systems” are root cause variables. Also, “work and safety knowledge” and “experience in the job” are individual cause variables. CONCLUSIONS: Organizational factors and some of individual variables are the critical factors that affect the occurrence of accidents. Therefore, corrective actions for accident prevention should primarily focus on the correction of these variables.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-334
Author(s):  
Saeed Ghorbani ◽  
◽  
Shayan Naghdi Khanachah ◽  

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and investigate the reasons for failures and delays in R&D projects with an organizational productivity approach. Research methodology: In order to identify the most influential factors in the research area, a questionnaire with a Likert spectrum of five options was designed and distributed among the stakeholders of research projects. The questionnaire results were analyzed and 10 more effective factors were identified and solutions were used to improve the situation. Result: In the present study, after reviewing the background of the subject and reviewing previous studies, 149 factors affecting the failure and delay of projects were identified and after aggregating and summarizing the factors, a model was designed to classify the causes of delay in which 55 effective factors in two general categories. Intra-organizational and extra-organizational factors were examined. Limitations: This research only described Research-oriented organizations. Contribution: According to the analysis results regarding the more effective causes, problems and challenges related to each of the factors were studied and to reduce the impact of existing factors, various solutions and suggestions in the field of research variables using Expert opinion was provided.


Author(s):  
Юлия Владимировна Татаркова ◽  
Татьяна Николаевна Петрова ◽  
Олег Валериевич Судаков ◽  
Александр Юрьевич Гончаров ◽  
Ольга Николаевна Крюкова

В настоящей статье представлен обзор основных решений, доступных сегодня для формирования как краткосрочных, так и долгосрочных проекций заболеваемости болезней глаза и его придаточного аппарата в студенческой среде. С другой стороны, существует ряд проблем, связанных с многообразием факторов, влияющих на заболеваемость, статистической необоснованностью и противоречивостью имеющихся результатов анализа данных. Представлены результаты математического моделирования зависимости показателя заболеваемости от наиболее влиятельных факторов образовательной и социальной среды. Перечислены важнейшие направления разработки математических моделей распространения заболеваемости. С помощью разработанного программного комплекса проведена серия вычислительных экспериментов по оценке и прогнозированию заболеваемости обучающихся в вузах разного профиля. Показана эффективность применения методики многовариантного моделирования и прогнозирования, указаны их ограничения и возможности практического применения. По расположению обобщенной области благоприятного прогноза в факторном пространстве можно определить время воздействия неблагоприятных для зрения факторов, которое должно составлять не более 10 ... 11 часов в сутки, количество профилактических мероприятий должно составлять не менее 3 ... 4. При этом риск развития миопии составит не более 0,4, вероятность усталости глаз за компьютером составит не более 0,4, вероятность дискомфорта глаз на занятиях составит не более 0,15. Исходя из характера прогноза, определяется длительность диспансерного наблюдения, а также потребность профилактических мероприятий по устранению или ослаблению действия неблагоприятно влияющих социально-гигиенических и медико-биологических факторов конкретного больного. Использование прогностической матрицы в практическом здравоохранении позволяет существенно улучшить работу по профилактике офтальмологической заболеваемости и является одним из эффективных мероприятий диспансеризации студенческой молодежи, так как дает возможность выделить из числа обучающихся группу с высоким риском неблагоприятного исхода заболевания This article provides an overview of the main solutions available today for the formation of both short-term and long-term projections of the incidence of eye diseases and its adnexa in the student environment. On the other hand, there are a number of problems associated with a variety of factors affecting the incidence, statistical unreasonability and inconsistency of the available data analysis results. The results of mathematical modeling of the dependence of the incidence rate on the most influential factors of the educational and social environment are presented. The most important areas of developing mathematical models for the spread of morbidity are listed. With the help of the developed software package, a series of computational experiments was carried out to assess and predict the incidence of students in universities of various profiles. The effectiveness of the application of multivariate modeling and forecasting methods is shown, their limitations and practical application possibilities are indicated. By the location of the generalized region of favorable prognosis in the factor space, it is possible to determine the exposure time of factors unfavorable for vision, which should be no more than 10 ... 11 hours a day, the number of preventive measures should be at least 3 ... 4. At the same time, the risk of development myopia will be no more than 0.4, the probability of eye fatigue at the computer will be no more than 0.4, the likelihood of eye discomfort in the classroom will be no more than 0.15. Based on the nature of the forecast, the duration of the follow-up observation is determined, as well as the need for preventive measures to eliminate or weaken the action of adverse social, hygienic and biomedical factors of a particular patient. The use of the prognostic matrix in practical health care can significantly improve the work on the prevention of ophthalmic morbidity and is one of the effective medical examinations for students, since it makes it possible to distinguish among the students a group with a high risk of an unfavorable outcome of the disease


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Guilian Wang ◽  
Liyan Zhang ◽  
Jing Guo

This paper try to fully reveal the key factors affecting the the level of AMT application in micro- and small enterprises (MSEs) from its organizational factors by ordinal logistic regression. The results show that MSEs have a relatively high level of AMT application as a whole due to the maturity and cost reduction of basic technologies such as artificial intelligence, digital manufacturing and industrial robots. In this paper we propose manufacturing world analysis at Application using Logistic Regression and best AMT selection using Fuzzy-TOPSIS Integration approach.Considering the influence mechanism of each factor, the important factors that affect the application level of AMT are the enterprise’s market pricing power, the main production types, technical, market and management capabilities, organization development incentives and the interaction with external stakeholders. Based on the results above, the following policy implications are proposed: further expanding the customized production in MSEs to gradually improve the market pricing power, expanding the core competence of enterprises, enhancing the employee autonomy, and strengthening the interaction with industry organizations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangyong Zhang ◽  
Ruipeng Zhong ◽  
Ruoyu Hong ◽  
David Hui

AbstractThe surface activity of carbon black (CB) is an important factor affecting the reinforcement of rubber. The quantitative determination of the surface activity (surface free energy) of CB is of great significance. A simplified formula is obtained to determine the free energy of CB surface through theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation. The surface free energy for four kinds of industrial CBs were measured by inverse gas chromatography, and the influential factors were studied. The results showed that the aging time of the chromatographic column plays an important role in accurate measurement of the surface free energy of CB, in comparison with the influences from the inlet pressure and carrier gas flow rate of the chromatographic column filled with CB. Several kinds of industrial CB were treated at high temperature, and the surface free energy of CB had a significant increase. With the increase of surface free energy, the maximum torque was decreased significantly, the elongation at break tended to increase, the heat generation of vulcanizates was increased, and the wear resistance was decreased.


Author(s):  
Kisook Kim ◽  
Hyohyeon Yoon

The study aimed to identify and compare the factors affecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) depending on the occupational status of cancer survivors. This study was a secondary data analysis from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2014 to 2018. Hierarchical multivariate linear regression was used to investigate the factors affecting the HRQoL of each group. Non-working cancer survivors had significantly lower HRQoL than working cancer survivors (p < 0.001). A hierarchical multiple regression model showed that demographic, health-related, and psychological characteristics explained 62.0% of non-working cancer survivors’ HRQoL (F = 4.29, p < 0.001). Among the input variables, health-related characteristics were the most influential factors (ΔR2 = 0.274, F = 9.84, p < 0.001). For working cancer survivors, health-related characteristics were the only variable that was statistically associated with HRQoL (F = 5.556, p < 0.001). It is important to enhance physical activities and manage the chronic disease to improve the HRQoL of working cancer survivors. Further, managing health-related characteristics, including depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, is necessary for non-working cancer survivors. Regarding working survivors, psychological factors such as depressive symptoms and suicidal tendencies did not affect HRQoL. Therefore, an early and effective return to work program should be developed for the improvement of their HRQoL.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elyas ◽  
Sherif Aly ◽  
Uche Achinanya ◽  
Sergey Prosvirkin ◽  
Shayma AlSaffar ◽  
...  

Abstract Well integrity is one of the main challenges that are facing operators, finding the source of the well problem and isolating it before a catastrophic event occurs. This study demonstrates the power of integrating different reservoir monitoring and well integrity logs to evaluate well integrity, identify the underlying cause of the potential failure, and providing a potential corrective solution. Recently, some Injector/producer wells reported migration of injection fluids/gas into shallower sections, charging these formations and increasing the risk of compromised well integrity. Characterization of the well issues required integration of multi-detector pulsed-neutron, well integrity (multi finger caliper, multi-barrier corrosion, cement evaluation, and casing thickness measurements), high precision temperature logs and spectral noise logs. After data integration, detailed analysis was performed to specifically find the unique issues in each well and assess possible corrective actions. The integrated well integrity logs clearly showed different 9.625-inch and 13.375-inch casings leak points. The reservoir monitoring logs showed lateral and vertical gas and water movements across Wara, Tayarat, Rus, and Radhuma formations. Cement evaluation loges showed no primary cement behind the first barrier casing which was the root cause of the problem. Therefore, the proposed solution, was a cement squeeze. Post squeeze, re-logging occurred, validating zonal isolation and a return of a standard geothermal gradient across the Tayarat formation. Most importantly, the cement evaluation identified good bond from the squeeze point clear to surface, isolating all formations. All these wells were returned to service (injector/producer), daily annular pressure monitoring confirmed that no further pressure build up was seen. Kuwait Oil Company managed to avoid a catastrophic well integrity event on these wells and utilized the approach presented to take the proper corrective actions, and validate that the action taken resolved the initial well integrity issues. Consequently, the wells were returned to service, and the company avoided a costly high probability blowout.


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