scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Urinary Tract Infectious Bacteria and the Effect of Different Antibiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeeha Mehboob ◽  
Malik Nawaz Shuja
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Etiological patterns of uropathogens is different in different regions due to continuous evolution, of bacteria, antibiotics sensitivity patterns, misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to know the antibiotic susceptibility patterns for prescription of suitable antibiotic. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of uropathogens and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from Kohat region of Pakistan. In this study 100 samples were collected from both males and females of all ages in which 70 samples contained microbes. In 30 samples no microbial growth was recorded. The Percentage of positive culture from both male and female were 57% and 43% respectively Both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria were found in UTI but E.coli (34.21%) was predominant followed by K. pneumoniae (10.52%), P. aeruginosa (9.21%), K. oxytoca (6.57%), C. albicans (5.26%), E. faecium (5.26%), E. faecalis (3.94%), S. aureus (3.94%), E. cloacea (2.63%), C. freundii (2.63%), P. mirabalis (2.63%) and A. baumannii (1.31%). Many of the isolates showed resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The sensitivity percentage of different commonly used antibiotics against both Gram (+) and Gram(-) bacteria were Ampicillin 13%, Ceftriaxone 25%, Amikacin 77%, Gentamicin 41%, Augmentin 44.77%, Fosfomycin 64%, Cotrimoxazole 36%, Nitrofurantoin 68%, Ciprofloxacin 37%, Imipenem 78%, Meropenem 67%, Cefepime 25% and Tetracycline 40%. The most effective antibiotics against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria were Fosfomycin, Imipenem, Meropenem Amikacin and Nitrofurantoin. In light of the findings of this study, it is strongly recommended to discover new antimicrobial compounds and evaluate the resistant pattern at genomic and proteomics level to discover the genes which are responsible for antibiotics resistant pattern.

scholarly journals Management of urinary tract infections in children: antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, efficacy and pharmacoeconomics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361
Author(s):  
Nikhil S. Yadav ◽  
Swanand S. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Scarring ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Report ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections are commonly seen in febrile children, high incidence of Vesico Ureteral Reflux (VUR) is frequently seen in paediatric patient which is of concern as it may lead to renal scarring. Despite presence of established clinical guidelines there is disparity amongst physician in the diagnosis and treatment of UTI, some physician prescribes taking into consideration the symptoms, some prescribe on the basis of smell and colour and some rely on urine culture and sensitivity report. There is dearth of studies in many tertiary health care centers regarding antimicrobial use. Authors conducted this study to evaluate antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, efficacy and cost effectiveness of antimicrobials used for UTI in children.Methods: Patients of urinary tract infection <13 years of age were included in the study. Symptoms of patient i.e. pain in abdomen, haematuria, increased frequency of urination and degree of fever were recorded. Efficacy was measured through calculating degree of defervescence per hour. Cost effective model was prepared by calculating cost effective ratio i.e. dividing cost of antimicrobial required to bring down the fever and degree through which fever came down.Results: E. coli was the most common pathogen isolated from urine positive culture (69.07%). Nitrofurantoin has shown highest sensitivity to all uropathogens (72.73%). Cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin were found to be most cost effective.Conclusions: In this current study authors found E coli is the most common uropathogen isolated. Ceftriaxone, cefixime, cotrimoxazole and amikacin were found to be most efficacious. Cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin were found to be most cost effective.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of β-Lactamases among Enterobacterial Uropathogens in Southeastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. C. Ugwu ◽  
M. Shariff ◽  
C.M. Nnajide ◽  
K Beri ◽  
U. M. Okezie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Esbl Gene ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Little is known about the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens in Southeast Nigeria. The aim of the study was to characterize enterobacterial uropathogens with respect to drug resistance. One hundred (100) enterobacterial uropathogens were studied. Their antibiotic susceptibility patterns were evaluated using disk diffusion, screened, and confirmed phenotypically for the presence of β-lactamases: ESBL, AmpC, carbapenemase, and MBLs. Screen positives were further tested for various β-lactamase genes by PCR. Our isolates showed variable resistance to most drugs tested. Out of the 58 ESBL screen positive E. coli, 35 were confirmed positive with PCR. The predominant ESBL gene was blaTEM while blaSPM was the most prevalent among MBL genes. Forty-six percentage of the screen positive Salmonella isolates coharbored blaTEM + SHV genes. Nine of the 10 ESBL screen positive K. pneumoniae were phenotypically and PCR positive. Three isolates of K. pneumoniae were positive for MBL genes. All the 10 C. freundii were positive for ESBL genes. The study showed high prevalence of drug-resistant genes among the enterobacterial uropathogens. Majority of the uropathogens harbored >1 antibiotic-resistant gene, and the most predominant gene was ESBL (blaTEM) followed by the MBL (SPM) gene.

scholarly journals ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALMONELLA SEROVARS FROM DIARRHOEIC STOOL SAMPLES OF HUMAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Nesa ◽  
MSR Khan ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
First Line ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Human Stool

    The present study aimed at isolation and identification of Salmonella serovars from human stool and characterization of the isolated serovars using biochemical, serological, molecular and antimicrobial sensitivity techniques. A total of 25 samples were collected of which 16% were positive to Salmonella serovars. All the culturally positive isolates fermented dextrose, maltose and mannitol with the peoduction of acid and gas but not fermented sucrose and lactose. The same isolates showed Indole and V-P tests negative but M-R test positive. All the culturally and biochemically positive Salmonella serovars showed agglutination with poly ‘O’ and poly ‘H’ antisera. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the isolated Salmonella serovars were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and moderately sensitive to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, cotrimoxazol and nalidixic acid. However, the positive isolates were resistant to erythromycin. The present study indicates that ciprofloxacin can be used as a first line therapy for the treatment of Salmonella gastroenteritis.DOI = http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v9i1.11218Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2011). 9(1): 85-93

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