scholarly journals Cultural Competence in Health Care Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Perez ◽  
Antonio Gonzalez ◽  
Helda Pinzon-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Competence Training ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Crosscultural Communication

This study studied cultural competence training needs in a health services system in California. Results indicated that the major training needs were related to (1) cultural factors that affect consumers’ access to services, (2) ethnic and cultural beliefs, traditions, and customs, (3) training for interpreters, and (4) crosscultural communication. Significant differences were found in regard to administrator and staff participation in cultural awareness activities, perception of the work environment as culturally competent, perception of culturally-related barriers, and perceived training needs. The findings support the importance of a continuous assessment of the educational needs of employees regarding cultural competence.

scholarly journals BLE-GSpeed: A New BLE-Based Dataset to Estimate User Gait Speed

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Emilio Sansano-Sansano ◽  
Fernando J. Aranda ◽  
Raúl Montoliu ◽  
Fernando J. Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cognitive Diseases ◽  
Baseline Algorithm ◽  
And Function ◽  
Core Indicator

To estimate the user gait speed can be crucial in many topics, such as health care systems, since the presence of difficulties in walking is a core indicator of health and function in aging and disease. Methods for non-invasive and continuous assessment of the gait speed may be key to enable early detection of cognitive diseases such as dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Wearable technologies can provide innovative solutions for healthcare problems. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology is excellent for wearables because it is very energy efficient, secure, and inexpensive. In this paper, the BLE-GSpeed database is presented. The dataset is composed of several BLE RSSI measurements obtained while users were walking at a constant speed along a corridor. Moreover, a set of experiments using a baseline algorithm to estimate the gait speed are also presented to provide baseline results to the research community.

Prescribing institutions: Explaining the evolution of physician dispensing

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN EGGLESTON
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Incentive Structure ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract:Health systems provide a rich field for testing hypotheses of institutional economics. The incentive structure of current healthcare delivery systems have deep historical and cultural roots, yet must cope with rapid technological change as well as market and government failures. This paper applies the economic approach of comparative and historical institutional analysis (Aoki, 2001; Greif, 2006) to health care systems by conceptualizing physician control over dispensing revenues as a social institution. The theory developed – emphasizing the interplay between cultural beliefs, interest groups, technological change, insurance expansion and government financing – offers a plausible explanation of reforms since the 1960s separating prescribing from dispensing in societies such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China. Technological change and adoption of universal coverage trigger reforms by greatly increasing the social opportunity costs of physician over-prescribing and reshaping the political economy of forces impinging on the doctor–patient relationship.

Health Care System in Pakistan: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumaila Arshad ◽  
Hira Waris ◽  
Maria Ismail ◽  
Ayesha Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Health systems are expected to serve the population needs in an effective, efficient and equitable manner. The factors determining the health behaviors may be seen in various contexts physical, socio-economic, cultural and political. Therefore, the utilization of a health care system, public or private, formal or non-formal, may depend on socio-demographic factors, social structures, level of education, cultural beliefs and practices, gender discrimination, status of women, economic and political systems environmental conditions, and the disease pattern and health care system itself. Policy makers need to understand the drivers of health seeking behavior of the population in an increasingly pluralistic health care system. Also a more concerted effort is required for designing behavioral health promotion campaigns through inter-sectoral collaboration focusing more on disadvantaged segments of the population. The paper reviews the health care providers, the national policies emphasizing health services as well as health care systems in Pakistan and the role of the pharmacist in health care system of Pakistan, health and economics of Pakistan and current budgeting policies and the importance of non government organizations in health care system of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Receptivity and Readiness for Cultural Competence Training Amongst the Social Workers in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent W P Lee ◽  
Daniel W L Lai ◽  
Yong-Xin Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competence Training

Abstract This research examined understandings of cultural competence of social workers in Hong Kong, their needs and challenges in serving culturally diverse groups, and their willingness and receptivity to receive cultural competence training by using constructivist grounded theory. Individual qualitative interviews were conducted with thirteen frontline and managerial practitioners and educators in training institutions in the social work profession. Data were analysed by identifying major themes. The findings show that social workers in Hong Kong tend to encounter language barriers and various forms of cultural shocks in serving ethnoculturally diverse clients. The professional code of practice is not sufficient in promoting culturally competent practice and there are institutional barriers to the enhancement of cultural competence of the social services. Mainstream social work units are generally not well prepared to provide services to non-Chinese communities. In response to these obstacles, professional training should provide future Hong Kong social workers with opportunities to interact with ethnoculturally diverse communities through service-learning. To tackle institutional racism, leaders should have cultural awareness and promote culturally inclusive practices. Inclusion of staff members from diverse cultural backgrounds would increase the capacity of the organisations to better serve clients of diverse needs. Anti-racism training should be made as an essential professional development component for social work students, practicum students, practitioners and managers.

scholarly journals Validation of Training Need Assessment Questionnaire Among Health Care Workers in Reproductive, Maternal and Newborn Health Care in Low-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tumbwene Elieza Mwansisya ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Kahabi Isangula ◽  
Loveluck Mwasha ◽  
Eunice Pallangyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Training Needs Assessment ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Abstract Background: Continuous professional development (CPD) trainings have been reported to enhance health care workers’ knowledge and skills, improve retention and recruitment, improve quality of patient care and reduce patients’ mortality. This calls for validated training needs assessment tools for facilitating the design of effective CPD programs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaires. The survey involved selected Reproductive, Maternal and Neonatal Health (RMNH) health care workers from 7 hospitals, 12 of 51 health centers and 17 of 292 dispensaries within eight districts of Mwanza Region, Tanzania. The training needs assessment (TNA) tool adapted from the Hennessy-Hicks’ Training Needs Assessment Questionnaire (TNAQ) was used for data collection. Results: A total of 153 healthcare workers participated in this study. The majority of participants were females 83% (127) with average age of 39 years. Nurses formed a majority of participants 76% (n=115) with relatively similar mean duration in service or in RMNH of 7.9 years. The reliability of the adapted TNAQ was found to be 0.954. Relatedly, indexes for construct validity indicated that CFI was equal to 1, Chi-square Mean/Degree of Freedom (CMIN/DF) was equal to 0.000 and Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.185. Conclusion: The adapted TNAQ appear to be reliable and valid for identifying professional training needs of health care workers in RMNH health care settings. The tool has a considerable level of psychometric properties that makes it suitable for assessing the training needs among health care workers of different cadres. However, the applicability of the TNAQ in the wider health care systems remains unclear. Future studies with a large sample size are required to test the use of TNAQ in wider health care systems and learning opportunities.

Evaluating Cultural Competence of Pediatric Oncology Nurses at a Teaching Hospital: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Julie Eche ◽  
Teri Aronowitz
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Oncology Unit

This cross-sectional descriptive study evaluated registered nurses’ self-ratings of cultural competence on the hematology/oncology unit at a large Northeastern urban children’s hospital. The Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence among Healthcare Professionals was used to measure 5 constructs of cultural competence. The study findings show that there were significant correlations between the knowledge and skill subscales (ρ = .57, P < .001) and the knowledge and desire subscales (ρ = .42, P < .05). The highest mean among the 5 subscales was cultural desire (mean = 15.5), indicating that nurses were motivated to engage in the process of becoming culturally competent. The lowest mean among the 5 subscales was cultural knowledge (mean = 11.2), followed by cultural skill (mean = 11.8), indicating that nurses did not perceive themselves to be well informed in these areas. The findings from this pilot study suggest that nurses on this pediatric oncology unit are most likely to possess cultural desire and cultural awareness, but there is certainly opportunity to engage and educate the staff. Targeted interventions to improve cultural competence on this inpatient unit are being explored and a larger scale study is being planned to assess the cultural competence of nurses across the hospital.

Culturally Competent Practice

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doman Lum
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
State Health ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Health And Human Services ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Culturally Competent Practice

This article defines cultural competence and culturally competent practice and focuses on cultural awareness, knowledge acquisition, and skill development as key components. It traces the historical development of cultural competence in the disciplines of psychology and social work, pointing out how cultural competence has become a professional standard. Cultural competence has also been recognized on the federal and state health and human services levels. Cultural competence is viewed on the practitioner, agency, and community levels as well as the micro, mezzo, and macro dimensions. Among the implications for practice are the issues of cultural competence and cultural competencies, the ethics of cultural competence, social context, and biculturation and multiculturalization. Cultural competence research is briefly surveyed, as is the relationship between cultural competence and critical race theory.

Patterns of Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Prevalence Across Five Continents: Defining Priorities to Reduce Cancer Disparities in Different Geographic Regions of the World

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2137-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farin Kamangar ◽  
Graça M. Dores ◽  
William F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Cancer Disparities ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Geographic Regions

Efforts to reduce global cancer disparities begin with an understanding of geographic patterns in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence. Using the GLOBOCAN (2002) and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents databases, we describe overall cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, age-adjusted temporal trends, and age-specific incidence patterns in selected geographic regions of the world. For the eight most common malignancies—cancers of lung, breast, colon and rectum, stomach, prostate, liver, cervix, and esophagus—the most important risk factors, cancer prevention and control measures are briefly reviewed. In 2002, an estimated 11 million new cancer cases and 7 million cancer deaths were reported worldwide; nearly 25 million persons were living with cancer. Among the eight most common cancers, global disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence are evident, likely due to complex interactions of nonmodifiable (ie, genetic susceptibility and aging) and modifiable risk factors (ie, tobacco, infectious agents, diet, and physical activity). Indeed, when risk factors among populations are intertwined with differences in individual behaviors, cultural beliefs and practices, socioeconomic conditions, and health care systems, global cancer disparities are inevitable. For the eight most common cancers, priorities for reducing cancer disparities are discussed.

Investigating intercultural effectiveness of paediatric nurses in a Turkish hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Medine Yılmaz ◽  
Hatice Yıldırım Sarı ◽  
Meltem Ünlü ◽  
Perihan Yetim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Intercultural Effectiveness ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Competence Training ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Cultural Care ◽  
Training And Research

Background: Cultural competence, an important part of patient-centred care, has been on the nursing agenda for many years. Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the intercultural effectiveness level of paediatric nurses, and to explore relationships between the level of intercultural effectiveness and some sociodemographic variables in paediatric nurses. Method: The study was conducted at İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital's children's clinics in Turkey. A convenience sample of 98 paediatric registered nurses practising at the hospital was evaluated. To collect the study data, a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, a Cultural Approach in Nursing Care form and the Intercultural Effectiveness Scale (IES) were used. Results: The participating paediatric nurses' intercultural effectiveness levels were moderate, the problem they experienced most was the language problem and although many of them had not received adequate training in cultural care, based on their experiences, they regarded themselves as culturally competent. Conclusion: Cultural competence is vital in multi-ethnic and multicultural societies. Cultural competence training should be provided to nurses during nurse education, or in-service training during their professional life.

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