scholarly journals A comprehensive report on preparing and analyzing adsorptive materials suitable for hydrogen and methane storage

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tyler Austin Rash
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Hydrogen Adsorption ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Narrow Channels

Development of low-pressure, high-capacity adsorbent based storage technology for methane, natural gas, and hydrogen as fuel for advanced transportation is necessary in order to address the temperature, pressure, weight, and volume constraints present in conventional storage methods (CNG, LNG, and LH2). Subcritical nitrogen adsorption experiments show that our nanoporous carbon hosts extended narrow channels which generate a high surface area and strong van der Waals forces capable of increasing the density of natural gas and hydrogen into high-density fluids. Improvements in storage density over compressed natural gas without an adsorbent occur at ambient temperature and pressures ranging from 0- 260 bar. The storage capacity custom built 10.6 L hydrogen adsorption instrument with activated carbon adsorbents synthesized at MU is 32 g/kg at 296 K and 100 bar which is higher than what has been reported in literature for other materials. The temperature, pressure, and storage capacity of a 40 L flat-panel adsorbed natural gas tank filled with 20 kg of activated carbon is featured. Results from the 40 L instrument show that the monolithic adsorbents within allow for rapid charging and discharging and an ideal balance between methane gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity. A 300 kg/(m3 day) space time yield for the production of the monolithic adsorbents is demonstrated.

Preparation of activated carbon with high surface area for high-capacity methane storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingsi Liu ◽  
Wenshuo Wang ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
(Peter) Chak Tong Au
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Methane Storage

scholarly journals Valorization of Toxic Weed Lantana camara L. Biomass for Adsorptive Removal of Lead

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin Kumar Saini ◽  
Surindra Suthar ◽  
Chaudhari Karmveer ◽  
Kapil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Recycling Potential

Valorization of Lantana camara L., which is a recognized invasive plant, as a potential source of activated carbon is proposed in this study. Its stem and leaf have been utilized for the preparation of activated carbon (ACL and ACS) by following acid-impregnation technique, followed by thermal treatment. The developed activated carbon samples were characterized for their structural and surface related properties by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption isotherm, SEM techniques, and pHPZC method. The samples show reasonable high surface area and pore volume; nonetheless, these properties are higher in case of ACL as compraed to ACS. Both of these samples developed negative charge on their surface due to acid treatment that resulted in an increase in adsorption at pH > 5. The batch adsorption studies on these samples shows the Pb(II) ion adsorption capacities of ACL and ACS were 36.01 and 32.24 mg·g−1, respectively, at 25°C. The kinetics of adsorption with both the sample systems follow the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the experimental equilibrium isotherm data of ACL and ACS were explained by Freundlich and Langmuir models, respectively. For these samples, the HCl shows maximum desorption with which the recycling test on these samples shows that ACS has better recycling potential over ACL samples.

scholarly journals Lignin Based Activated Carbon Using H3PO4 Activation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2829
Author(s):  
Zhongzhi Yang ◽  
Roland Gleisner ◽  
Doreen H. Mann ◽  
Junming Xu ◽  
Jianchun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Activated carbon (AC) with a very high surface area of over 2000 m2/g was produced from low sulfur acid hydrotropic lignin (AHL) from poplar wood using H3PO4 at a moderate temperature of 450 °C (AHL-AC6). ACs with similar surface areas were also obtained under the same activation condition from commercial hardwood alkali lignin and lignosulfonate. Initial evaluation of AC performance was carried out using nitrogen adsorption-desorption and dye adsorption. AHL-AC6 exhibited the best specific surface area and dye adsorption performance. Furthermore, the adsorption results of congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) showed AHL-AC6 had greater adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. The dye adsorption data fit to the Langmuir model well. The fitting parameter suggests the adsorption is nearly strong and near irreversible, especially for MB. The present study for the first time provided a procedure for producing AC from lignin with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area >2000 m2/g using low cost and low environmental impact H3PO4 at moderate temperatures.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of activated carbon developed from cotton cloth residue activated with phosphoric acid: adsorption of clofibric acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 2513-2524
Author(s):  
N. Boudrahem ◽  
F. Aissani-Benissad ◽  
F. Boudrahem ◽  
C. Vial ◽  
F. Audonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Cotton Cloth

Abstract Cotton cloth waste was used as a precursor to prepare activated carbon (ACCs) chemically activated with phosphoric acid. Adsorption behavior of prepared ACCs was correlated with physicochemical proprieties. The pore volume and BET surface of ACCs were determined by nitrogen adsorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe their surface morphologies. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis and pH point zero charge (pHPZC) were conducted to determine chemical properties. Under the optimal conditions: 50% impregnation ratio and thermal treatment under N2 flow at 600 °C during 60 min, the activated carbon prepared exhibits a high surface area 1,150 m2/g, 0.501 cm3/g micropore volume and an excellent adsorption performance. The adsorbed amount of clofibric acid is found to be 9.98 and 83 mg/g at, respectively, initial CA concentration of 10 and 100 mg/L at pH 3.0 and 20 °C. Diffusion and chemisorption are the steps controlling the adsorption of CA onto ACC 50% and the equilibrium data were well described by Freundlich isotherm.

Effects of Ni Particle Size on Hydrogen Storage of Ni-Doped High Surface Area Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lufeng Yang ◽  
Chunlin Xie ◽  
Chaofan Hu ◽  
Mingtao Zheng ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Ni Catalyst ◽  
Effective Role

A type of activated carbon that is further chemically activated to obtain a high surface area (~3322 m2 g–1) (hsAC), is loaded with nickel nanoparticles by a direct hydrothermal method, and tested for hydrogen storage. The chemical composition, crystal structure, and microstructure of hsAC with or without Ni loading are characterised in addition to the nitrogen absorbance isotherms. Hydrogen storage studies showed that metal doping has no effect on the cryogenic storage, and the maximum room temperature (RT) storage capacity through spillover on the Ni-doped hsAC materials achieved 0.79 wt-% at 30 Pa with enhancement factors of 2.93. The smaller catalyst size was a critical factor that determined the enhancement of RT storage capacity of the materials. The Ni catalyst size was controlled by the doped Ni content. Tuning the Ni catalyst size together with an optimum carbon spillover receptor should play an effective role in further enhancement by the spillover effect.

Activated carbon from molasses efficiency for Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption: A mechanistic study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Good Potential

Activated carbon was prepared from molasses, which are natural precursors of vegetable origin resulting from the sugar industry. A simple elaboration process, based on chemical activation with phosphoric acid, was proposed. The final product, prepared by activation of molasses/phosphoric acid mixture in air at 500°C, presented high surface area (more than 1400 m2/g) and important maximum adsorption capacity for methylene blue (625 mg/g) and iodine (1660 mg/g). The activated carbon (MP2(500)) showed a good potential for the adsorption of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The affinity for the three ions was observed in the following order Cu2+ Cr6+ Pb2+. The process is governed by monolayer adsorption following the Langmuir model, with a correlation coefficient close to unity.

Removal of microcystin-LR from drinking water with TiO2-coated activated carbon

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
S.-C. Kim ◽  
D.-K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Tio2 Particles

TiO2-coated granular activated carbon was employed for the removal of toxic microcystin-LR from water. High surface area of the activated carbon provided sites for the adsorption of microcystin-LR, and the adsorbed microcystin-LR migrated continuously onto the surface of TiO2 particles which located mainly at the exterior surface in the vicinity of the entrances of the macropores of the activated carbon. The migrated microcystin-LR was finally degraded into nontoxic products and CO2 very quickly. These combined roles of the activated carbon and TiO2 showed a synergistic effect on the efficient degradation of toxic microcystin-LR. A continuous flow fluidized bed reactor with the TiO2-coated activated carbon could successfully be employed for the efficient photocatalytic of microcystin-LR.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver-Impregnated Magnetite Mesoporous Silica Composites for Removing Iodide in Aqueous Solution

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Sang-Eun Jo ◽  
Jung-Weon Choi ◽  
Sang-June Choi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
High Sorption

Mag@silica-Ag composite has a high sorption ability for I− in aqueous solution due to its high surface area and strong affinity for the studied anion. The material adsorbed I− rapidly during the initial contact time (in 45 min, η = 80%) and reached adsorption equilibrium after 2 h. Moreover, mag@silica-Ag proved to selectively remove I− from a mixture of Cl−, NO3− and I−. The adsorption behavior fitted the Langmuir isotherm perfectly and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Based on the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity of mag@silica-Ag was 0.82 mmol/g, which is significantly higher than previously developed adsorbents. This study introduces a practical application of a high-capacity adsorbent in removing radioactive I− from wastewaters.

scholarly journals Correction: Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Scott Blankenship
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
Cigarette Butt ◽  
Energy Environ

Correction for ‘Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity’ by L. Scott Blankenship et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, 10, 2552–2562, DOI: 10.1039/C7EE02616A.

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