scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Electronic Nicotine Product Use Among College Students in the U.S. - Analyses of the 2017 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Hsia
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The U.S

The objective of this study was to analyze, among a nationally representative sample of college students in the U.S., gender differences in the lifetime, past 12-months, and past 30-day prevalence of e-nicotine products (ENPs) use, reasons for use, and susceptibility to ENP use among never users. We analyzed data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. The study population included college-aged individuals (18-24 years old) enrolled in a degree program. The results of the study revealed that males were more likely to use ENPs than females. Both males and females reported a high proportion of misconception about ENPs, particularly with regards to ENPs being less harmful to the user than cigarettes. It also indicated that 36% of male and 32% of female college students were susceptible to start using ENPs. Our results highlight the need to provide comprehensive, tobacco-prevention education among U.S. youth.

THE EFFECT OF RELATIONSHIP STATUS ON PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean O'Hagen ◽  
Amanda Johnson ◽  
Gina Lardi ◽  
Julian Paul Keenan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Clear Support ◽  
Perceived Attractiveness

The effect of relationship availability on perceived attractiveness is a key component to social relations. Experiment 1 tested 90 female college students, having them read a vignette description of a hypothetical male who was either single, involved, or married. Participants rated the male on 5 questions pertaining to attractiveness. The results indicated that females were more attracted to single males compared to both involved and married males. No significant difference was found between the ratings of involved and married males. In Experiment 2, 127 males and females were tested employing the same instrument. The results indicated that females were less attracted to married individuals, while the male participants had no significant difference in their ratings. Although these findings show no clear support for either evolutionary or sociocultural attraction theories, they point towards striking gender differences in perceived attraction.

Draw-a-Person Protocols of Male and Female College Students

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Soccolich ◽  
Boleslaw A. Wysocki
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Males And Females

A purely male vs female differentiation of D-A-P test variables was attempted for 50 male and 50 female college students or graduates of 3 yr. or less. Analysis of sex and aggression variables revealed much emphasis and conflict in these areas in the drawings of both males and females. Sexual conflict was almost always expressed in the drawings of the opposite sex alone. A generalized psychosexual immaturity was demonstrated in the drawings of male Ss. Female Ss seemed to exhibit conflict over masculine orientation and ‘role’ inversion in their drawings. In addition, a strong tendency toward ‘evasion,’ a wish to ‘not see’ or ‘perceive vaguely,’ was heavily evidenced in the drawings of both male and, to a lesser extent, female Ss.

Comparison of Factors from the Bem Sex-Role Inventory for Male and Female College Students

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Kimlicka ◽  
James A. Wakefield ◽  
Alan F. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Principal Components Method ◽  
Components Method

The 40 sex-typed items of the Bern Sex-role Inventory were analyzed by the principal components method for samples of 169 male and 206 female undergraduates. The Bern Sex-role Inventory assumes psychological masculinity (M) and femininity (F) as independent, unipolar dimensions of personality which can be measured using pools of items treated as homogeneous. The two analyses were compared with each other and with theoretical orthogonal factors of masculinity and femininity. The results indicated that the two sets of items measure the same constructs for males and females and show agreement with theoretical factors. In addition, the masculine items defined three small factors (rather than one) for each sex and eight feminine items showed poor agreement with the femininity factor. Suggestions for improving the inventory were presented.

scholarly journals Cyber Bullying Among Female College Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana Brewer ◽  
Amelia Cave ◽  
Anne Massey ◽  
Anne Vurdelja ◽  
Jeanne Freeman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Cyber Bullying ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Women ◽  
College Population ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The U.S

Background and Purpose: Cyber bullying is often assumed to only occur in grades K-12, yet reports of such behaviors on college campuses and in the workplace are increasing. The U.S. Federal Government has recently called for policy development regarding cyber bullying to occur in higher education. This study explored perceptions of frequency and severity of cyber bullying among college students. Consequences of cyber bullying and the need for resources on college campuses were also explored. Methods: In 2011, a total of 18 undergraduate women participated in three focus groups, each lasting approximately 75 minutes. Results: Emergent themes revealed participants do not consider cyber bullying to be a significant issue currently, but likely will increase in prevalence among the college population. Many participants were familiar with the cyber bullying term but were unaware of its definition, nor could they provide examples. Further, the majority of participants were unaware of resources for victims of cyber bullying. Implications: Findings from this study reveal the need for educational programs geared toward college students about the meaning and consequences of cyber bullying. Further, resources for victims of cyber bullying should be made available on college campuses.

BOLD BUILD PERCEPTIONS IN MALE AND FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger C. Bailey ◽  
Norman E. Hankins
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Males And Females

The Somatotype Rating Scale (SRS) was administered to 35 male and 35 female college students. The SRS allowed subjects to rate their own body build, their wished-for body build, and the body build of the typical and ideal male and female. While there was close agreement between males and females on the measures, females exhibited more dissatisfaction with their body build and greater congruency between their self-concept and their same-sex stereotype than did males. Results were discussed as possibly revealing the emergence of a mesomorphic body build ideal in both sexes.

scholarly journals A Study on Effect of Sleep Duration On SpO2 And Pulse Rate in College Students Of Angamaly, Kerala

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Kumar Sai Sailesh ◽  
Padmanabha Padmanabha ◽  
Jobby Abraham ◽  
Jose Angel ◽  
Mukkadan J.K
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

The present study was undertaken with an objective to observe the effect of sleep duration on spo2 and pulse rate in males and females and to create awareness among the general population to improve the quality of life. The present study has been performed at Little Flower Medical Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India. A total of two hundred and twenty two healthy male and female college students, with mean age 18.55 ± 0.94 were participated voluntarily in the medical camp comprising 110 males and 112 females. Two investigators of our study recorded Spo2 and pulse rate by using pulse oximeter from the students at the same time. The participants were grouped into two groups, those who sleep more than seven hours and those who sleep for less than seven hours and their spo2 pulse rate were compared. The analysis of data was done by SPSS 20.0. Independent sample t test is used for data analysis. Spo2 is equal in both the groups. However pulse rate is slightly lower in the students who sleep less than seven hours. However this is not statistically significant (P value 0.372). Our study suggests that Pulse rate is slightly lower in the students whose sleep duration is less. No significant change is observed in spo2 in our study. Hence this study merits to continue with higher sample size.

Man and Woman: Social Schemata of Males and Females

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Kuethe ◽  
George Stricker
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
Males And Females

Male and female college students placed human figures cut from felt on a felt field. Ss were free to arrange the figures in any manner. Both male and female Ss used the same generic social schemata; human figures were kept together, male figures were placed with female figures, and figures were rarely paired with same-sex figures. Differences between the male and female Ss included the tendency of the female Ss to form male-female pairings separated away from other figures. The use of aggressive schemata was studied as were preferences for non-social orderings.

Selection of Skill or Chance Determined Reinforcement as a Function of Locus of Control

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Female College ◽  
Extra Credit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Selection Of

51 male and 45 female college students were given Rotter's I-E questionnaire and then allowed to volunteer to earn extra credit by attempting either a task for which supposedly skill determined outcome or one for which outcome supposedly was governed by chance. There was a significant correlation between I-E score and number of choices of skilled task. There was a non-significant difference between males' and females' I-E scores. An initially significant difference between males' and females' number of skill choices disappeared when the effect of differences in I-E scores was removed through analysis of covariance. Non-volunteers scored significantly more external than volunteers.

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