scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Filipino and Indonesian Monophthongs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Cristian D Arizo ◽  
Alyssa L Palayon ◽  
Angela Paula V. Tornito ◽  
Bayu Permana Sukma
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language

Filipino and Indonesian belong to the Austronesian language family and this explains why they exhibit many linguistic similarities and numerous cognates. This study aims to further compare the two languages and establish their connection through phonology. The researchers use the cognates to compare the Filipino and Indonesian monophthong vowels. Qualitative method is utilized. The result shows that Filipino and Indonesian have a very similar vowel system with the exception of Indonesian having /ə/ phoneme. It was also found out that most of the changes in monophthongs between the two languages appear in medial position. Moreover, most changes are from the mid back rounded vowel /o/ in Filipino to high back rounded vowel /u/ in Indonesian. Lastly, the changes in the unrounded vowels in Filipino usually appear in the initial and medial position whereas in the rounded vowels in Filipino, changes only appear in either the medial or final position.

Nauruan in the Austronesian Language Family

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S. Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language

Synchrony and diachrony of postverbal negation in Jodï-Sáliban

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Emilio Rosés Labrada
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comparative Treatment

Abstract This article proposes a detailed comparative treatment of negation in the Jodï-Sáliban language family (Venezuela-Colombia, Northwest Amazonia, South America), which consists of four languages: Jodï [yau], Sáliba [slc], Piaroa [pid] and Mako [wpc]. This comparative analysis of negation strategies across the four languages in the family not only offers an overview of negation strategies in this language family but also allows for conclusions to be drawn on the cognacy of the different constructions and markers as well as on the sources of the main negation strategies. Specifically, I show that, even though certain markers are not cognate, negation in these languages has – as far back as the documentation goes – always been postverbal and suggest that postverbal negation can be diachronically stable. This research thus offers an in-depth analysis of negation in Jodï-Sáliban, a language family that remains underdescribed, and, crucially, contributes to our understanding of postverbal negation and its sources.

scholarly journals The Lexical and Phonetical Features of The Tengger Dialect of Javanese

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Sri - Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Local Languages

Probolinggo, East Java is an area of Pandalungan. Culturally, the area has the mixing of Javanese and Madurese cultures, so as the local languages that are used by the society. Most of Probolinggo people master Javanese as well as Madurese language. Besides, there is one more dialect developing in Probolinggo, that is Tengger dialectdialect. It is used by the Tengger society in Tengger Mountainuos region around Mount Bromo. The Javanese that is used by the Tengger society is different from the Javanese of Probolinggo or even the standard Javanese. The significant difference is in the pronunciation of the vowel. It tends to have the features of the Old Javanese. By doing Comparative Historical Linguistics study, the features of Tengger dialect compared to the Modern and Old Javanese. The qualitative descriptive study uses an observation method to collect the data. Then, they are analyzed by the distributional and identity methods. It indicates that the distribution and development of Javanese as a part of Austronesian language family is not merely innovatively. It can be relix likewise. The Tengger dialect phonetical and lexical features tends to be similar to the Old Javanese feature, not the modern ones as the innovative Javanese.

KORESPONDENSI FONEMIS ENAM KATA KERABAT BAHASA INDONESIA, BAHASA MELAYU KELANTAN, BAHASA MELAYU PATANI, DAN BAHASA SUNDA

Metahumaniora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Wahya Wahya ◽  
Suhaila Arong
Keyword(s):  
Language Group ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rain Data ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

AbstrakBahasa Indonesia, bahasa Melayu Kelantan, bahasa Melayu Patani, dan bahasa Sunda merupakan bahasa kerabat. Keempat bahasa tersebut termasuk rumpun bahasa Austronesia. Ketiga bahasa pertama, yaitu bahasa Indonesia, Melayu Kelantan, dan  Melayu Patani termasuk kelompok bahasa Melayu, sedangkan bahasa Sunda tidak termasuk bahasa Melayu. Bahasa Indonesia dan Sunda terdapat di Indonesia. Bahasa Melayu Kelantan terdapat di Malaysia. Bahasa Melayu Patani terdapat di Thailand. Sebagai bahasa kerabat rumpun Austronesia, keempat bahasa memiliki  kosakata  yang diwariskan dari bahasa yang lebih tua. Ciri-ciri adanya pewarisan tersebut dapat diamati pada kosakata yang memiliki persamaan atau kemiripan bentuk dan makna.  Masalah yang dibahas adalah korespondensi fonemis apa yang menunjukkan perbedaan kata kerabat yang diperoleh dari hasil membandingkan  kata kerabat pada enam glos dari empat bahasa sampel yang diteliti. Dalam tulisan ini diambil enam kata sampel bahasa Indonesia sebagai glos dari 200 glos kosakata dasar Swadesh, yaitu hapus,  hati, hidup, hijau, hitam, dan hujan. Data bersumber dari kamus dan informan. Dari hasil penelitian  terhadap kata kerabat untuk enam glos tersebut diperoleh sembilan perangkat korespondensi fonemis, yaitu (a)  /h ~ ø/ , (b) /s ~ h/, (c) /i ~ ɛ/, (d) /d ~ r/, (e) /p ~ k/, (f) /aw ~ a ~ ɔ/ , (g) /am ~ őŋ ~ ɛ/, dan (h) /-an ~ --ɛ/. Selanjutnya, setiap korespondensi fonemis tersebut menghasilkan pengelompokan bahasa yang memperlihatkan pemilik unsur bahasa yang terdapat pada korespondensi fonemis tersebut dan jika dilakukan rekonstruksi, pengelompokan bahasa tersebutmenunjukkan pencabangan dari bahasa yang lebih tua yang telah menurunkannya.Kata kunci: rumpun bahasa, kata kerabat, korespondensi fonemis, pewarisan. AbstractIndonesian, Kelantan Malay, Patani Malay, and Sundanese are kin languages. The four languages include the Austronesian language family. The first three languages, namely Indonesian, Kelantan Malay, and Patani Malay belong to the Malay language group, while Sundanese does not include Malay. Indonesian and Sundanese are found in Indonesia. Kelantan Malay is found in Malaysia. Patani Malay is found in Thailand. As the languages of relatives of Austronesian families, all four languages have vocabulary inherited from older languages. The characteristics of inheritance can be observed in vocabulary that has similarities or similarities in form and meaning. The problem discussed is the phonemic correspondence of what shows the difference in relative words obtained from the results of comparing relative words in the six glossos of the four sample languages studied. In this paper six Indonesian sample words are taken as glossos from 200 basic Swadesh vocabulary words, namely erase, heart, life, green, black, and rain. Data sourced from dictionaries and informants. From the results of research on the word relatives for the six glossos obtained nine phonemic correspondence sets, namely (a) / h ~ ø /, (b) / s ~ h /, (c) / i ~ ɛ /, (d) / d ~ r /, (e) / p ~ k /, (f) / aw ~ a ~ ɔ /, (g) / am ~ őŋ ~ ɛ /, and (h) / -an ~ --ɛ /. Furthermore, each phonemic correspondence results in a grouping of languages that shows the owner of the language elements contained in the phonemic correspondence and if a reconstruction is made, the grouping of languages shows the branching of older languages which has derived it.Keywords: language family, word relatives, phonemic correspondence, inheritance

scholarly journals The Influence of Initial Consonants on the Intrinsic Pitch of High and Low Vowels in the Malay Dialect Spoken in Pathumthani Province, Thailand

MANUSYA ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Phanintra Teeranon
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
High Vowels ◽  
Asian Languages

High vowels tend to have higher intrinsic F0 (pitch) than low vowels (e.g. Lehiste, 1970; Whalen and Levitt, 1995). Higher intrinsic F0 occurs on vowels which follow voiceless consonants, lower intrinsic F0 occurs on vowels which follow voiced consonants. When high vowels follow voiced consonants and low vowels follow voiceless consonants, the voicing of initial consonants has been found to counterbalance the intrinsic F0 value of high and low vowels. In other words, voiced consonants will lower F0 values of high vowels, and voiceless consonants will raise F0 values of low vowels to the extent that the average F0 of these high vowels is actually lower than the average F0 of the low vowels under examination (Clark and Yallop, 1990; House and Fairbanks, 1953; Lehiste, 1970; Lehiste and Peterson, 1961; Laver, 1994). To test whether this counterbalance finding is applicable to Southeast Asian languages, the F0 values of high and low vowels following voiceless and voiced consonants were studied in a Malay dialect of the Austronesian language family spoken in Pathumthani Province, Thailand.

Using a role by role interview to measure the minority effect: a note on ongoing research

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Laponce
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Self ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
University Of British Columbia ◽  
The Social ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction

This report on research in progress is based on data obtained through written questionnaires administered to UBC (University of British Columbia) and Ottawa University students who were asked to rank the importance and the degree of satisfaction associated with 14 characteristics of either the self or the social environment (gender, age, nationality, profession, religion, preferred political party, place of birth, province of residence, city of residence, university, ethnic group, language, family, and friends). Using gender, language, and race as examples, the author shows the usefulness of a role by role approach in comparative analysis, notably for the study of minority groups.

scholarly journals Investigation of the achievement scores of the people learning Turkish as a foreign language according to linguistic distance

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-46
Author(s):  
Derya Çobanoğlu Aktan ◽  
Kayhan İnan
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Course Completion ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Linguistic Distance ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
The People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Turkish Language ◽  
Writing Scores

In this study, predictor variables (age, gender, region and language family) affecting the scores of Turkish language learners are examined through multiple regression method. The study group consisted of 280 international students registered to Turkish Language Teaching Centers located at Gazi and Hacettepe Universities. The research data were obtained from the Turkish course completion exam papers and personal information forms. According to the results, the average scores of the students from the Afro-Asiatic, Indo-European, Bantu, Sino-Tibetan and Austronesian language families were lower than those from the Altai language family. Additionally, the writing scores of the students from the Afro-Asiatic and Austronesian language families; the speaking scores of the students from Afro-Asiatic, Indo-European language families; reading comprehension scores of the students from Afro-Asiatic, Indo-European, Bantu and Sino-Tibetan language families and grammar scores of the students from Sino-Tibetan and Austronesian language families were lower than the scores of the Altai language family. In addition, while the age variable was found to have a positive effect on speaking scores, it was observed that area and gender variables were not significant predicators of scores. Findings are discussed in the light of literature and suggestions for further research are provided.

Malay: A short history

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
K. Alexander Adelaar
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
National Language ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Short History ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThis article follows the development of Malay from prehistorical times to the present. After a brief overview of the variety of languages in Southeast Asia and Oceania, the position of Malay within the Austronesian language family is discussed as well as the Malay homeland. The history of Malay is followed throughout its most important stages, from the period of the oldest written evidence in the late 7th century AD to the age of the Malaccan sultanate in the 15th-16th centuries, the colonial period in which Malay became the most important language in all domains of public life except in the highest echelons, and the present post-independence period in which Malay has become the national language in four states of Southeast Asia. Attention is also given to sociolinguistic differentiation, to foreign influences, to the engineering planning and manipulation of Malay in recent times and to its role as a vehicle for the spread of several religions and foreign (Indian, Mid-eastern, European) cultural influences.

Do grammatical relations reflect information status? Reassessing Preferred Argument Structure theory against discourse data from Tondano

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Brickell ◽  
Stefan Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Grammatical Relations ◽  
Information Status ◽  
Constituent Order ◽  
Corpus Data

AbstractWe test Preferred Argument Structure theory against corpus data from Tondano, an Austronesian language with symmetrical voice. Investigating the use of full noun phrases in individual argument positions, we find no significant clustering of both S and P as opposed to A, hence no discourse ergativity. Moreover, neither pivotal nor non-pivotal grammatical relations appear to specialise in the accommodation of full noun phrases. Thus, grammatical relations do not serve as architecture for regulating information flow in discourse. Only constituent order reflects information flow, so that full noun phrases tend to occur in clause-final position. More generally, correlations of humanness and topicality predict most straightforwardly attested patterns of argument realisation.

The classification of Oceanic languages

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Oceanic Languages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Internal Relationships

ABSTRACTThis paper surveys the literature regarding the linguistic subgrouping and historical affiliations of languages within the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian language family. It provides an overview of the evidence for the Oceanic subgroup and its external affiliations, as well as an overview of the internal relationships between languages of the family. It explores questions that have been settled to the satisfaction of most people working within the field, and identifies outstanding issues still of importance to practitioners in the area. A final section discusses a range of literature which surveys aspects of Oceanic linguistics apart from its subgrouping.

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