scholarly journals The effect of excitation light source and humidity to photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 nanosheets for NO removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Vinh Hoang The Tran ◽  
Tu Cam Huynh ◽  
Viet Van Pham
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
No Removal ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Practical Applications

Introduction: Photocatalysis using nanostructured semiconductors is the potential strategy to solve the problem of environmental pollution. Besides traditional semiconductor materials, the novel polymeric metal-free semiconductor g-C3N4 has emerged as a potential substitute material because of its many outstanding features. Methods: This study successfully synthesized two dimensions (2D)-structured g-C3N4 nanosheets by a simple thermal-exfoliation method with annealing route at 2 oC/min. Firstly, melamine was placed in a ceramic crucible with cover and then undergone the annealing route at 550 oC for 2 h to develop into the g-C3N4 bulk. Then the assynthesized g-C3N4 bulk was further annealed without the cover at 550 oC for 2 h to form the final product, g-C3N4 nanosheets. Results: The results of XRD patterns and FTIR spectra show two typical diffractions peaks and chemical bonds that characterize the g-C3N4 matrix. The TEM images demonstrated that the as-prepared g-C3N4 possesses 2D-structured material, including several singly exfoliated sheets with a width of around several hundred nanometers. The photocatalytic NO removal efficiency of g-C3N4 nanosheets is highest at 48.27% under 30 min solar irradiation at 70% humidity. Meanwhile, the NO2 conversion yield is very low, only 9.44%, much smaller than the NO decomposition efficiency to form NO3 􀀀 ion products. The results of trapping tests indicated that the hole plays the most critical role in the photocatalytic process of g-C3N4 nanosheets. Especially, the photocatalytic NO removal efficiency still achieves 45.03% after the recycling test. Moreover, all characteristic peaks and chemical bonds in material remain even undergoing fifth times reuse as the results of XRD and FTIR. Conclusion: From various modern analytic characterization methods and photocatalytic investigation, we can concluse that g-C3N4 nanosheets are very stable and possible to apply in practical applications to decompose NO gas at atmospheric conditions.

Two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes): preparation, property, and applications in cancer therapy

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2125-2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Ming Dong ◽  
Cui Ye ◽  
Lin Lin Zheng ◽  
Zhong Feng Gao ◽  
Fan Xia
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials ◽  
Size And Morphology

AbstractTransition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), which comprise a rapidly growing family of two-dimensional materials, have attracted extensive attention of the scientific community, owing to its unique characteristics of high specific surface area, remarkable biocompatibility, and versatile applications. Exploring different methods to tune the size and morphology of MXenes plays a critical role in their practical applications. In recent years, MXenes have been demonstrated as promising nanomaterials for cancer therapy with substantial performances, which not only are helpful to clarify the mechanism between properties and morphologies but also bridge the gap between MXene nanotechnology and forward-looking applications. In this review, recent progress on the preparation and properties of MXenes are summarized. Further applications in cancer therapy are also discussed. Finally, the current opportunities and future perspective of MXenes are described.

scholarly journals Study on the NO removal efficiency of the lignite pyrolysis coke catalyst by selective catalytic oxidation method

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0182424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xin Wen ◽  
Zhenhua Ma ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xiangling Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
No Removal ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
Selective Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Pyrolysis Coke

scholarly journals Domain-Adversarial Training of Self-Attention-Based Networks for Land Cover Classification Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2564
Author(s):  
Mauro Martini ◽  
Vittorio Mazzia ◽  
Aleem Khaliq ◽  
Marcello Chiaberge
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Adversarial Training

The increasing availability of large-scale remote sensing labeled data has prompted researchers to develop increasingly precise and accurate data-driven models for land cover and crop classification (LC&CC). Moreover, with the introduction of self-attention and introspection mechanisms, deep learning approaches have shown promising results in processing long temporal sequences in the multi-spectral domain with a contained computational request. Nevertheless, most practical applications cannot rely on labeled data, and in the field, surveys are a time-consuming solution that pose strict limitations to the number of collected samples. Moreover, atmospheric conditions and specific geographical region characteristics constitute a relevant domain gap that does not allow direct applicability of a trained model on the available dataset to the area of interest. In this paper, we investigate adversarial training of deep neural networks to bridge the domain discrepancy between distinct geographical zones. In particular, we perform a thorough analysis of domain adaptation applied to challenging multi-spectral, multi-temporal data, accurately highlighting the advantages of adapting state-of-the-art self-attention-based models for LC&CC to different target zones where labeled data are not available. Extensive experimentation demonstrated significant performance and generalization gain in applying domain-adversarial training to source and target regions with marked dissimilarities between the distribution of extracted features.

The critical role of light in moderating microbial stress due to mixtures of engineered nanomaterials

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Wilke ◽  
Jean-François Gaillard ◽  
Kimberly A. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Simulated Solar Irradiation ◽  
Role Of Light

Light influences chemical interactions of engineered nanomaterials and their toxic effects. Under simulated solar irradiation, we observed that binary mixtures of n-Ag, n-Au, or n-Pt with n-TiO2cause synergistic toxic effects inE. colidue to photochemical interactions governed by metal nanoparticle stability and localized surface plasmon resonance.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the NO removal efficiency in the NO removal method by silent discharge

2002 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 832-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Shinkawa ◽  
Junpei Shimazaki ◽  
Kazuyoshi Sano ◽  
Yoshio Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Silent Discharge ◽  
No Removal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Removal Method

scholarly journals Facile construction of Fe, N and P co-doped carbon spheres by carbothermal strategy for the adsorption and reduction of U(vi)

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (57) ◽  
pp. 34859-34868
Author(s):  
Zhimin Dong ◽  
Zhibin Zhang ◽  
Runze Zhou ◽  
Yayu Dong ◽  
Yuanyuan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Carbon Sphere ◽  
Carbon Spheres ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Magnetic Carbon ◽  
Co Doped

The constructed novel magnetic carbon sphere co-doped by N, P, Fe (Fe/P-CN) exhibits high U(vi) removal efficiency, excellent magnetic separation and reusability, evidencing the potential practical applications in environmental remediation.

scholarly journals Physical Structure Induced Hydrophobicity Analyzed from Electrospinning and Coating Polyvinyl Butyral Films

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Chen ◽  
Guo-Sai Liu ◽  
Hong-Wei He ◽  
Cheng-Feng Zhou ◽  
Xu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Physical Surface ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Surface wettability of a film plays a critical role in its practical applications. To control the surface wettability, modification on the physical surface structures has been a useful method. In this paper, we reported the controlling physical surface structure of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) films by different film-forming methods, spin-coating, bar-coating, and electrospinning. The wettability of these PVB films was examined, and the surface morphologies and roughness were investigated. The results indicated that coating PVB films were hydrophilic, while electrospun films were hydrophobic. The physical surface structure was the key role on the interesting transition of their surface wettability. Theoretical analyses on these results found that the coating PVB films showed different mechanism with electrospun ones. These results may help to find the way to control the PVB film surface wettability and then guide for applications.

An Analysis Model and its Practical Applications in PG&E Gas Transmission Pipeline Strength Test Projects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlei He ◽  
Edward Stracke
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Pipeline Section ◽  
Strength Tests

This article presents a complete set of calculations (referred to as Model) PG&E developed to monitor, assess and approve strength tests on insitu (pipelines currently in service) gas transmission pipelines. How the Model is used in the field, 2017 test results, and process improvements that resulted from the implementation of the model are also discussed. In compliance with CPUC directives, the Code of Federal Regulations[1] and PG&E’s internal standards, PGE has performed strength tests on approximately 1,100 miles of insitu pipelines from 2011 through 2017. The model was specifically designed to assess the strength test of a closed section of gas pipeline for both leaks and ruptures. The model was originally designed for strength tests using water as the test medium and updated to accommodate nitrogen as a test medium. A future enhancement will be to incorporate a blend of Nitrogen and Helium as the test medium. The model plots the pressure-temperature and pressure-volume curves over the test duration (field test measurements) and compares them to the theoretically calculated curves. The curves are used to determine if the change in pressure is due to temperature influence or leakage. When water is the test medium, the model calculates the net corrected medium volume change from start to end of the static test period. When nitrogen is the test medium, the model calculates and analyzes net mass change of the medium by considering nitrogen under both the real gas state and the ideal gas state. By calculating restrained (buried) pipeline section and unrestrained (exposed) pipeline section separately, the model gains more accuracy. Accurate temperature measurements play a critical role in the model. The model makes it possible for engineers to monitor, analyze and direct strength tests with real-time test data. The model is also used to evaluate the pipeline fill condition on the day prior to the actual test, which resulted in fewer test restarts due to incomplete fill or temperature stabilization issues. An additional benefit is the tests were typically completed earlier in the day. The model is utilized on all PG&E insitu pipeline strength projects today. Authors also provide improvement suggestions of this model in future application.

scholarly journals Double-Arc Parallel Coordinates and its Axes re-Ordering Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1376-1391
Author(s):  
Liangfu Lu ◽  
Wenbo Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Tan
Keyword(s):  
High Dimensional Data ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Parallel Coordinates ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Visual Clutter ◽  
Correlation Information ◽  
Value Decomposition

AbstractThe Parallel Coordinates Plot (PCP) is a popular technique for the exploration of high-dimensional data. In many cases, researchers apply it as an effective method to analyze and mine data. However, when today’s data volume is getting larger, visual clutter and data clarity become two of the main challenges in parallel coordinates plot. Although Arc Coordinates Plot (ACP) is a popular approach to address these challenges, few optimization and improvement have been made on it. In this paper, we do three main contributions on the state-of-the-art PCP methods. One approach is the improvement of visual method itself. The other two approaches are mainly on the improvement of perceptual scalability when the scale or the dimensions of the data turn to be large in some mobile and wireless practical applications. 1) We present an improved visualization method based on ACP, termed as double arc coordinates plot (DACP). It not only reduces the visual clutter in ACP, but use a dimension-based bundling method with further optimization to deals with the issues of the conventional parallel coordinates plot (PCP). 2)To reduce the clutter caused by the order of the axes and reveal patterns that hidden in the data sets, we propose our first dimensional reordering method, a contribution-based method in DACP, which is based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm. The approach computes the importance score of attributes (dimensions) of the data using SVD and visualize the dimensions from left to right in DACP according the score in SVD. 3) Moreover, a similarity-based method, which is based on the combination of nonlinear correlation coefficient and SVD algorithm, is proposed as well in the paper. To measure the correlation between two dimensions and explains how the two dimensions interact with each other, we propose a reordering method based on non-linear correlation information measurements. We mainly use mutual information to calculate the partial similarity of dimensions in high-dimensional data visualization, and SVD is used to measure global data. Lastly, we use five case scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of DACP, and the results show that our approaches not only do well in visualizing multivariate dataset, but also effectively alleviate the visual clutter in the conventional PCP, which bring users a better visual experience.

scholarly journals Application of UHF Sensors in Power System Equipment for Partial Discharge Detection: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Chai ◽  
B.T. Phung ◽  
Steve Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electrical Stress

Condition monitoring of an operating apparatus is essential for lifespan assessment and maintenance planning in a power system. Electrical insulation is a critical aspect to be monitored, since it is susceptible to failure under high electrical stress. To avoid unexpected breakdowns, the level of partial discharge (PD) activity should be continuously monitored because PD occurrence can accelerate the aging process of insulation in high voltage equipment and result in catastrophic failure if the associated defects are not treated at an early stage. For on-site PD detection, the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method was employed in the field and showed its effectiveness as a detection technique. The main advantage of the UHF method is its immunity to external electromagnetic interference with a high signal-to-noise ratio, which is necessary for on-site monitoring. Considering the detection process, sensors play a critical role in capturing signals from PD sources and transmitting them onto the measurement system. In this paper, UHF sensors applied in PD detection were comprehensively reviewed. In particular, for power transformers, the effects of the physical structure on UHF signals and practical applications of UHF sensors including PD localization techniques were discussed. The aim of this review was to present state-of-the-art UHF sensors in PD detection and facilitate future improvements in the UHF method.

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