scholarly journals ROLE OF USG IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ABDOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghav Kumar ◽  
Saroj Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Keywords Ultrasound ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis

Background: The main goal of imaging in acute abdomen is to narrow down the differential diagnosis and for prompt treatment. Material and methods: This study was done on patient presented with acute abdomen in Department of Radiodiagnosis, SMS Medical College & Associate Group of Hospitals, Jaipur. Scout X-ray done in 100 patients. Scout X –Ray film gives lots of information and very helpful in diagnosing perforation and intestinal obstruction. Results: USG was able to diagnose 94% cases of perforation peritonitis. intes­tinal obstruction was diagnosed only in 73.17% of cases with USG. Conclusion: This study shows that simple X-Ray plays an important role in definite diagnosis of acute abdomen as compare to USG. Keywords: Ultrasound, X- Ray, Acute Abdomen

scholarly journals Relevancia clínica del signo y síndrome de Chilaiditi, reporte de un caso

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Hipólito Guillermo Escobar Palma ◽  
Leonela Solange León Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

  El signo de Chilaiditi es un hallazgo radiológico que se define como la interposición temporal o permanente de asas intestinales entre el hígado y el diafragma. Se denomina síndrome cuando se acompaña de sintomatología sugestiva de abdomen agudo. El signo y síndrome de Chilaiditi deben ser reconocidos con claridad por el pediatra clínico. Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 9 años de edad, producto de madre primigesta de 27 años. Al momento de la presunción diagnóstica debe tenerse en cuenta las patologías que forman parte del diagnóstico diferencial y asociar los estudios de imagen a la sintomatología y a los factores de riesgo que predisponen la aparición del síndrome de Chilaiditi. La incorrecta interpretación de signos, síntomas y de los estudios de imagenología, pueden conducir a establecer tratamientos inadecuados que no representan beneficios para el paciente.   Palabras clave: Signo de Chilaiditi, síndrome de Chilaiditi, parálisis cerebral, estreñimiento, radiografía de abdomen.   Abstract Chilaiditi´s sing is a radiological finding, defined as the temporary or permanent interposition of intestinal loops between liver and diaphragm. It is called a syndrome when it is accompanied by symptoms suggestive of acute abdomen. Chilaiditi´s sign and syndrome must be clearly recognized by the clinical pediatrician. The case of a 9-year-old patient, product of a 27-year-old mother, is reported. At moment of diagnostic presumption, it must take into account the pathologies that are part of the differential diagnosis, and associate the imaging studies with the symptoms and risk factors that predispose to the onset Chilaiditi´s syndrome. The incorrect interpretation of signs, symptoms and imaging studies can lead to inadequate treatments that do not represent benefits for the patient.   Keywords: Chilaiditi´s sing, Chilaiditi´s syndrome, cerebral palsy, constipation, abdominal X-ray.

scholarly journals STUDY IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP UNDERGOING EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY : OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Akash KR. Gupta ◽  
Manoj KR Das ◽  
Marshal D Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Colonic Atresia ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis

INTRODUCTION: Acute abdomen can be defined as “syndrome included by wide variety of pathological conditions that require emergent medical or more often surgical management.” Acute abdomen is caused due to gastrointestinal diseases such as intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis. AIM: The aim of our study was to observe the common cause in paediatric age group undergoing emergency laprotomy in our institutions. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective study included 77children aged below or equal to 15years, underwent emergency laprotomy for acute intestinal conditions between January 2019 to December 2019 in RIMS,RANCHI. We excluded neonates ,patients of jejunoileal colonic atresia and stenosis, anorectal malformation(ARM), congenital pouch colon, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), hirschprung’s disease, gastrointestinal tumor. RESULTS: Total of 77 laprotomies were performed in emergency in children below or equal to 15 years age,59(76.62% ) were boys and 18(23.37% )were girls with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. 36(46.75%) cases were done for acute intestinal obstruction and 41(53.24%) cases were done for perforation peritonitis.20(25.97%)emergency laprotomy was performed in the age group 1-5 years and 57(74.02% ) were performed in the age group 5-15 years. Causes in order of frequency for intestinal obstruction were intussusceptions, post operative band/adhesion, abdominal tb obstruction, meckel’s diverticulum and worm obstruction. Causes in order of frequency for perforation peritonitis were typhoid, abdominal tb, appendicular perforation and abdominal trauma. CONCLUSION: In our study maximum emergency laprotomy was performed in male patients with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. Perforation peritonitis was more common than acute intestinal obstruction. 5-15 year age group were more commonly affected. Typhoid ileal perforation was the most common cause for emergency laprotomy followed by intussusception.

scholarly journals Role of Radiology Methods in Differential Diagnosis of Fibrous Dysplasia of Base of the Skull

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
A. V. Laryukov ◽  
E. K. Laryukova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Tomography Data ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: Improvement of the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the of the base of the skull on the basis of X-ray computed tomography data, taking into account clinical and medical data.Material and methods: The results of examination of 24 patients with lesions of the base of the skull were analyzed. Group 1: 15 patients with fibrous dysplasia, directed to examination with a diagnosis of osteoplastic metastases of the base of the skull. Group 2: 9 patients with metastases to the base of the skull. All patients underwent computer tomography and SPECT/CT.Results: Comparison of clinical and radiological symptoms in patients with metastatic lesions of the base of the skull (group 2) and patients with fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull (group 1) allows us to state that errors in the differential diagnosis of bone metastases and fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull in a number of cases are associated with a lack of awareness of radiologists.Conclusion: The presented data will help to improve the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the base of the skull.

scholarly journals Role of CT scan in evaluation and management of intestinal obstruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Gaurav Baid ◽  
Manohar Lal Dawan ◽  
Ashok Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Function

Background: Intestinal obstruction is one of the most common diseases in abdominal surgery. It can slowly lead to changes in intestinal structure and function, and in extreme cases it can be life-threatening. CT allows imaging of the abdominal contents outside the lumen, because of this advantage, the nature and site of the obstruction, especially extraluminal or intramural process, can be established.Methods: Prospective Hospital Based study. From January 2016 to November 2016 (11 months). 50 Patients presenting to Department of Surgery, whether in OPD or Emergency, with complaints suggestive of intestinal obstruction with in study duration eligible as per inclusion criteria will be included in the study.Results: In present study Majority (52.0%) of study population belonged to 41-60 years age group. The most common symptom was pain abdomen (94%). Majority (66%) patients showed multiple air fluid level on X-ray. In CT imaging, maximum 36% presented with dilated bowel loops. 86% were diagnosed as sub-acute intestinal obstruction, in USG. In present study, 60% patients were treated by surgery. Majority of patients (86.67%) CT findings matched with perop/ intraoperative findings. Accurate CT findings were helpful in guiding patient management. In our study, CT had the sensitivity of 86.67%, Specificity75%.Conclusions: Management decisions in intestinal obstruction remain notoriously difficult, relying on a combination of clinical and imaging factors to help stratify patients into conservative or surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Laparoscopy in acute abdomen between encouragement and inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3507
Author(s):  
Mena Zarif Helmy ◽  
Ahmed Abdel Kahaar Aldardeer
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Past History ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Complaint ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

Background: Laparoscopy has been a valuable technique in the treatment of acute abdominal diseases and can be considered either to diagnose or to treat selected cases.Methods: Here, we randomly select patients with acute abdominal pain in whom the diagnosis was not clear after ultrasonography and plain X-ray, we did diagnostic laparoscopy and according to its findings, we proceeded to surgical intervention. 50 cases with acute abdomen were included in this study in order to clarify the role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdomen.Results: From the 50 patients, the main complaint was abdominal pain and presented in (100%) of patients, 38 of patients had vomiting, fever in 29 patients and 14 patients had abdominal distension, 7 patients had alteration in bowel habits and burning micturition in 6 patients. In this study, 10 patients had past history of previous surgery. By laparoscopy we could see the pathology in 46 patients and complete the management in all of patients but failed to reach the diagnosis in 2 cases and conversion to laparotomy in other 2 cases. Laparoscopic surgery mean was 47.9±12.4 minutes. Hospital stay mean was (1.851) days. Morbidity was 10%. No mortality was found in our study.Conclusions: Laparoscopy can be considered safe for diagnosis and effective in the treatment of patients with acute abdomen. It may be useful to avoid the unnecessary laparotomies in a large number of patients presented with acute abdominal pain.

scholarly journals The role of the chest x-ray for the acute abdomen in the 21st century

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
AK Saha ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
MI Aldoori
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
21St Century ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals X-RAY DIAGNOSTICS OF BRAIN DAMAGE IN UNIDENTIFIED HIV INFECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
A.V. Sudarkina ◽  
◽  
A.P. Dergilev ◽  
А.А. Kuzovkova ◽  
A.P. Nadeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Undiagnosed Hiv ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Brain damage can be observed at any stage of HIV infection, and the spectrum of its causes is extremely diverse. Neuroimaging techniques play a key role in assessing brain lesions. The article describes a clinical case of multifocal brain damage in a patient with undiagnosed HIV infection, discusses the possibilities of various methods of radiation examination for differential diagnosis, demonstrates the most important role of a comprehensive clinical examination for making a diagnosis.

scholarly journals ROLE OF HRCT THORAX IN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY DETECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manphool Singh Maharia ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Deep Chand ◽  
Gaurav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body ◽  
The Difference

Background: Aspirated foreign bodies in the airway continue to present challenges to the otorhinolaryngologist and interventional pulmonologists. To established the role of HRCT in diagnosis of foreign bodies in suspected cases. Methods-30 patients with suspected FB inhalation on the basis of clinical history and symptoms like respiratory distress, stridor, and history of chocking were recruited for study in department of Otorhinolaryngology in Sardar Patel Medical College and Hospital, Bikaner Rajasthan. Results: 29 patients (96.67%) with foreign bodies were identified on chest CT. For the patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies, the occurrence of unilateral hyperlucent lung and post-obstructive lobar or segmental infiltrates on plain chest X-ray was 43.33%. 17 patients (56.67%) had no abnormalities on plain X-ray. The difference between multidetector CT and plain X-ray results was statistically significant. Conclusion: Foreign bodies are missed byclinical and X-ray examination in many cases and that is only picked up by HRCT. Thus it is the ideal modality in diagnosis of foreign bodies to avoid the morbidity and mortality associated with missing foreign body. Keywords: foreign bodies, high resolution computed tomography, X-ray

scholarly journals Delayed Diagnosis of a Pyloric Web Causing Gastric Outlet Obstruction in a 13-Month-Old Girl

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. e20-e22
Author(s):  
Mohammed Elifranji ◽  
Jisha Sankar ◽  
Israa Abdelrasool ◽  
Guy Brisseau
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Upper Endoscopy ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Patient History ◽  
X Ray

AbstractPyloric web is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction. Classical pyloric web can be diagnosed by obtaining a patient history, physical examination, and plain abdominal X-ray, whereas a perforated web leads to incomplete intestinal obstruction. Delayed diagnosis is rare, and the definite diagnosis is made by upper endoscopy. In this report, we report a case of a girl in whom a pyloric web was diagnosed at the age of 13 months.

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