scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF VARIOUS THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS FOR DIFFERENT CEDRELA TOONA ROXB. FRUIT EXTRACTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Kinjal H ◽  
Patel Piyush M.
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Isolation Method

Air dried powdered material of the fruits of cedrela toona Roxb. was successively extracted with petroleum ether, hexane, acetone, methanol and water extract by soxhlet extraction and subjected to various qualitative chemical tests to determine presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolics and tannins, phtosterols, fixed oils and fats, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins etc. The various extracts of fruits of cedrela toona Roxb. were than subjected to thin layer chromatographic studies to identify the number and nature of the chemical constituents present. This study helps researchers for developmentof isolation method of active ingredient having vast pharmacological effects. Keywords: Cedrela toona, Extracts, Phytoconstituents, TLC

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LEPIDIUM SATIVUM-A REVIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALI ESMAIL AL-SNAFI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Current Review

Lepidium sativum contained many bioactive constituents included cardiac glycoside, alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, cardiotonic glycosides, coumarins, glucosinolates, carbohydrates, proteins and amino-acids, mucilage, resins, saponins, sterols, tannins, volatile oils, triterpene, sinapic acid and uric acid. The pharmacological investigation revealed that Lepidium sativum possessed antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, reproductive, gastrointestinal, respiratory, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, cardiovascular, hypolipidemic, diuretic, central nervous, fracture healing and protective effects. The current review discussed the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lepidium sativum.

scholarly journals Estimation of total tannins, total phenolics and total flavonoids of different extracts of cedrela toona roxb. Fruits.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-10
Author(s):  
Shah Kinjal H ◽  
Patel Piyush M.
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids

Air dried powdered material of the fruits of cedrela toona Roxb. was successively extracted with petroleum ether, hexane, acetone, methanol and water extract by soxhlet extraction and subjected to various qualitative chemical tests to determine presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolics and tannins, phtosterols, fixed oils and fats, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins etc. Total flavonoids content was measured with the ‘Aluminium Chloride Colorimetric Assay Method’. Total Phenolic content in the aqueous and methanol extracts of fruits of Cedrela toona Roxb. were determined using the Folin Denis Method and expressed as mg of tannic acid equivalents per gram dry weight of extract. This study helps researchers for developmentof isolation method of active ingredient having vast pharmacological effects. Keywords: Cedrela toona, total flavonoids, total tannins and phenolics, Tannic acid

scholarly journals Acaricidal Activity against Panonychus citri and Active Ingredient of the Mangrove Plant Cerbera manghas

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Yecheng Deng ◽  
Yongmei Liao ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Linlin Yang ◽  
Hui Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Cerbera Manghas ◽  
Active Substances

Cerbera manghas is a mangrove plant which possesses comprehensive biological activities. A great deal of research has been undertaken on the chemical constituents and medical functions of C. manghas; insecticidal and antifungal activities have also been reported, but the acaricidal activity has not been studied. In our study, the acaricidal activity and active substances of C. manghas were investigated using a spray method, which showed that the methanol extracts of the fruit, twigs and leaves exhibited contact activity against female adults of Panonychus citri, with LC50 values at 24 h of 3.39 g L−1, 4.09 g L−1 and 4.11 g L−1, respectively. An acaricidal compound was isolated from C. manghas by an activity-guided isolation method, and identified as (-)-17β-neriifolin, which is a cardiac glycoside. (-)-17β-Neriifolin revealed high contact activity against female adults, nymphae, larvae and eggs of P. citri, with LC50 values at 24 h of 0.28 g L−1, 0.29 g L−1, 0.28 g L−1 and 1.45 g L−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography Profiling of Crude Extracts from Senna Occidentalis(Leaves)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawal A.M ◽  
Abdullahi R ◽  
Ibrahim M.S ◽  
Kurfi M.Y ◽  
Khalid A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Plants used for medicinal practices which were discovered since prehistoric stone ages are termed Medicinal plants, which are also referred to as medicinal herbs, since plants produces bioactive chemical compounds (phytochemicals), this research however, is concerned with the extraction using Soxhlet extraction technique, phytochemical screening using various test methods, which reveals the presence of anthraquinones (free anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones), carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, steroids/ terpenes, phenolic compounds and tannins, and absence of alkaloids for extracts of senna occidentalis and also, thin layer chromatography profiling which gives probable foundation for further structural elucidation amongst others. This research shows the presence of potent secondary metabolites present in the leaves of senna occidentalis (leaves).

scholarly journals MEDICINAL VALUE OF LAGERSTROEMIA SPECIOSA: AN UPDATED REVIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
ALI ESMAIL AL-SNAFI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Lagerstroemia Speciosa ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Lagerstroemia speciosa (Family: Lythraceae) is native to Asia-tropical and subtropical regions. The phytochemical investigation of Lagerstroemia speciosa leaf and fruit revealed that it contained steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, α-amino acids, saponins, starch, alkaloids, carbohydrates, organic acids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, tannins and many other active metabolites. Lagerstroemia speciosa possessed many Pharmacological effects included antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, gastrointestinal, diuretic, thrombolytic, cardiovascular, central nervous, inhibition of TNFα production, xanthine oxidase inhibitition, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects. The current review discussed the chemical constituents, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Lagerstroemia speciosa.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Mirabilis jalapa- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 034-045
Author(s):  
Ali Esmail Al-Snafi ◽  
Tayseer Ali Talab ◽  
Wajdi M. Jabbar ◽  
Ali M. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Mirabilis jalapa was used traditionally in the treatment of kidney infections, as diuretic, tonic, cathartic, purgative and emetic. The phytochemical screening of the extracts of the leaves and stems of the Mirabilis jalaparevealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, terpenes, glycosides, saponins, protein, cardiac glycosides, steroids and emodin. The previous pharmacological studies revealed that Mirabilis jalapa possessed wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects included antimicrobial, antiparasitic, dermatological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, immune-modulatory, antispasmodic and many other pharmacological effects. The chemical constituents, nutritional, pharmacological and therapeutic effects ofMirabilis jalapawere discussed in the current review.

scholarly journals Kochiae Fructus, the Fruit of Common Potherb Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad: A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Quality Control, and Pharmacokinetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Wei Zou ◽  
Zhong Tang ◽  
Yao Long ◽  
Zuoqi Xiao ◽  
Bo Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Linear Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Further Development

Kochiae Fructus (KF) is the fruit of an annual potherb Kochia scoparia (Linn.) Schrad and has been traditionally used for the treatment of diseases in the skin, eyes, and urinary tract for thousands of years in China. Recent studies have showed its anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiallergic, and antipruritogenic effects to clarify the mechanisms of these actions. Meanwhile, its other effects, such as anticancer, hypoglycemic, and hepatoprotective effects, also have been reported. The achievement of these therapeutic effects is contributed by its chemical constituents. A total of 153 compounds have been identified in KF, mainly including triterpenoids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, and essential oils. Momordin Ic is the representative triterpene glycoside compound, which is used as a phytochemical marker for the quality control of Kochiae Fructus. The research on toxicity is insufficient, and only one article reported that the LD50 was 7.15 ± 0.03 g/kg for water extract of KF after oral administration in KM mice. In addition, the pharmacokinetic study was carried out on momordin Ic with linear pharmacokinetic characteristics. Above all, this review provides comprehensive information about Kochiae Fructus and may provide the theoretic foundation of its clinical application and further development.

scholarly journals Focus on Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Effects and Medical Uses of Gummi myrrha

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 5510-5522
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Aphthous Ulcers ◽  
Antileishmanial Activities

Gummi myrrha is the air-dried gum resin taken from the branches and stems of Commiphora molmol Engler (Burseraceae). The other names include myrrh, myrrhe, myrrha. Commiphora species are shrubs with 3 m high. It has rounded tops, thick trunks, dark brown bark, and large, sharply pointed thorns on the stem. It has many asymmetrical stunted and spiny. The leaves are unequal and alternate. The flowers are small, yellow-red fascicled, and arranged in terminal panicles. Gummi myrrha contains resins (25-40%), essential oil (3-8%), and a water-soluble gum (30-60%). The Gummi myrrha contains 20% proteins and 65% carbohydrates (galactose, 4-O-methylglucuronic acid, and arabinose). The major constituents of the Gummi myrrha essential oil are furanosesquiterpenes, and the monoterpenes α-, β- and γ-bisabolene. Gummi myrrha is used for mild inflammations treatment. It is used to treat aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, common cold, and gingivitis. Gummi myrrha is used as an emmenagogue, expectorant, and antidote for toxins and to stop blood coagulation. It treats menopausal symptoms, arthritic pain, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, jaundice, and indigestion. The pharmacology activity of Gummi myrrha includes experimental pharmacology and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes cardio-protective, analgesic, antipyretic, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, antimicrobial, and antileishmanial activities. Clinical pharmacology includes anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and wound healing activities. The ointment of Gummi myrrha essential oil was non-irritating, non-sensitizing, and non-photo toxic to the human skin. The dose of myrrh tincture =1:5 g/ml, Gummi myrrha tincture applied to the affected area 2 or 3 times/ day; Gummi myrrha mouth solution= 5-10 drops of the tincture in a glass of water.

Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽  
Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

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