Influence of meteorological factors on the secondary contamination of atmospheric air by formaldehyde ( on example of city of Kyiv).

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Irina Klimova ◽  
Rostyslav Sipakov
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Basic Source ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Secondary Contamination

Many authors on the basis of researches give information that a motor transport is the basic source of contamination of atmospheric air of cities of Ukraine. This work touches the estimation of level and dynamics of contamination of m. Kyiv extrass from a motor transport and influence of meteorological factors of locality on the degree of atmospheric contamination (including secondary one as a result of actinic transformations). Authors set connection between the components of SO, Nox, CHOH and ambient temperature, on the basis of analysis of the last five years of statistical information of basic components contaminations from a motor transport, which take part in formation of actinic transformations. Authors found out close cross-correlation connection between the molecules of Nox, CHOH and average monthly values of temperature on the basis of analysis of these monitoring supervisions. Also there were investigational processes of formation of molecules of SNON depending on other climatic factors of city of Kyiv, namely: to humidity of air, speed of wind and index of acidity of atmosphere (pH). It is well-proven that formation of formaldehyde in mid air above motor transport ways the degree of acidificationof atmospheric fallouts influences mediated. However have direct cross-correlation connection of relative humidity of air and speed of wind. Temperature terms play a key role in forming of the secondary contamination formaldehyde above motor transport overpasses and he takes into account other climatic factors of locality mediated. Speed of reaction of transformation of hydrocarbons in formaldehyde at neutral meteorological terms is considered on the example of motor-car upshot of the Darnicka square. The decision of equalization of speed of transformation of extrass of hydrocarbons is found in formaldehyde by the decision of equalization of Arreniusa. This method can be applied for other cities of Ukraine. The conducted researches will allow to promote ecological strength security on the urbanized territories by the improvement of questions of acceptance of administrative decisions at building and reconstruction of motor-car overpasses of city, and also at forming of strategic plans of ecological development of city and setting of nature protection measures.

Economic models of Environment monitoring under imperfect information and high Costs

2014 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
M. Levin ◽  
K. Matrosova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Imperfect Information ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Effective System

The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.

On the issue of optimization of atmospheric air quality monitoring for the implementation of the Federal project «Clean Air»

2019 ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
I. V. May ◽  
A. A. Kokoulina ◽  
S. Yu. Balashov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The City

Introduction. The city of Chita of Zabaikalsky region is one of the cities of Russia, priority on level of pollution of atmosphere. Of the order of 130 impurities emitted by the sources of the city, 12 are monitored at 5 posts of the Roshydromet network. Maximum monthly average concentrations are formed by benz (a) pyrene (up to 56.8 MPC), hydrogen sulfide (12.3 MPC), suspended particles (up to 4PDC), phenol (up to 3.6 MPC). Significant emissions (59.73 thousand tons in 2018) are aggravated by the use of coal as a fuel by heat and power enterprises and the private sector, climatic and geographical features. Within the framework of the Federal project “Clean Air” of the national project “Ecology”, it is envisaged to reduce the gross emission of pollutants into the atmosphere of Chita by 8.75 thousand tons by 2024, which should lead to a significant improvement in the safety and quality of life of citizens. It is necessary to identify the most “risky “components of pollution for health.It is important to understand: whether the environmental monitoring system reflects the real picture of the dangers posed by pollution of the city’s atmosphere; whether there is a need to optimize the monitoring system for the subsequent assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of measures; what impurities and at what points should be monitored in the interests of the population, administration and economic entities implementing air protection measures.The aim of the study is to develop recommendations for optimizing the program of environmental monitoring of air quality in the city of Chita, taking into account the criteria of danger to public health for the subsequent evaluation of the effectiveness and effectiveness of the Federal project “Clean Air”.Materials and methods. Justification of optimization of monitoring programs was carried out through the calculation of hazard indices, considering: the mass of emissions and toxicological characteristics of each chemical; the population under the influence. A vector map of the city with a layer “population density” was used as a topographic base. The indices were calculated for regular grid cells covering the residential area. For each cell, the repeatability of winds of 8 points from the priority enterprises and the population within the calculated cell were taken into account. As a result, each calculation cell was characterized by a total coefficient, taking into account the danger of potential impacts of emissions. Based on the results of the assessments, recommendations were formulated to optimize the placement of posts in the city and the formation of monitoring programs.Results. Indices of carcinogenic danger to the health of the population of Chita ranged from 584,805. 96 to 0.03 (priorities: carbon (soot), benzene, benz (a) pyrene); indices of non-carcinogenic danger — from 1,443,558. 24 to 0.00 (priorities: sulfur dioxide, inorganic dust containing 70–20% SiO2, fuel oil ash). The greatest danger to public health stationary sources of emissions form in the North-Western, Western and South-Eastern parts of the city. Roshydromet posts in these zones are absent.Conclusions. As part of the objectives of the project “Clean Air”, it is recommended to Supplement the existing state network of observations of atmospheric air quality in Chita with two posts; to include manganese, xylene, vanadium pentoxide in the monitoring programs, to carry out the determination of Benz(a)pyrene et all posts, which will allow to fully and adequately assess the danger of emissions of economic entities, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of the provided air protection measures.

Optical Atmospheric Air-Speed Sensor for EDL Operations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie R. Salameh ◽  
Jaime Da Silva ◽  
M. Volkan Otugen ◽  
Dominique Fourguette
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Speed Sensor ◽  
Air Speed

Байгаль, экологийн сэдэвт монголын аман болон орчин үеийн яруу найргийн бүтээлүүд (= Произведения устной и современной поэзии о природе и экологии)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-206
Author(s):  
Alimaa A. ◽  
◽  
Tseveendorj D. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Cry For Help ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Freshwater Reservoir ◽  
And Control

The social priorities of literature are the tribune of environmental idiology. Today, in the Mongolian literature, the direction of ecocriticism has been established. This article makes an analysis in traditional Mongolian poetry and modern poetry on the topic of nature conservation and ecology. In Mongolian folklore praise the purity of nature and the motherland. His idol of pure nature is praise and praise. But each species has its own color. The topic of nature protection in Mongolian folklore (Orthodoxy, Magtaal-praise, Tuul-epic, du-folk songs and myth) is that a person should not control and control nature but understand and convert to nature as a living creature; means that people will have a natural relationship, a balanced and safe life. Probably, there is not a single poet of Mongolia who does not address the topic of “man and nature”. Each in its own way perceives nature, and each in its own way revealing to the reader the world of nature and himself in this world. The space of the “Mongolian spirit” created by the poet is filled with natural landscapes, people, and historical memory. His ancestors and descendants, the dead and living, are called upon to preserve this space and believing that nature and civilization can exist in equal harmony, he would like to reconcile them among themselves. Therefore, the poems of Mongolian poets writing about nature sound like a distress signal, like a cry for help to nature. This is a feature. That is why Mongolian writers have initiated environmental protection measures. They stopped the construction of a chemical plant on Lake Hubsgul. The lake is the main freshwater reservoir in the world. Mongolian writers also warned that the pine forest “Tuzin Nars” was destroyed in nature every year billions of tons of waste. With such an attitude of man to nature on Earth there will soon be nothing left. There are examples of the writer C. Galsan, who planted 360 thousand trees. In this article we propose that we do not limit the observation and conclusions about the mastery of writers to the nature of the writings, but take into account personal, mental and social changes in the environment.

scholarly journals Unidades de Conservação no Pantanal do município de Aquidauana-MS: uma análise da evolução do uso da terra e cobertura vegetal e suas implicações / Conservation Units in Pantanal in the municipality (...)

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (42) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Lucy Ribeiro Ayach ◽  
Vitor Matheus Bacani ◽  
Jaime Ferreira Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Eventual Loss ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Advance Production

Diante do avanço da produção econômica no Brasil e os consequentes impactos sobre os recursos naturais, a criação do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação – SNUC, Lei 9.985/2000, determina importantes normatizações e incentivo às medidas de conservação de áreas naturais dos diferentes ecossistemas brasileiros, na busca da difícil compatibilização do desenvolvimento econômico com a proteção à natureza. No estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, município de Aquidauana, as medidas de proteção ambiental são essenciais em virtude das características peculiares do ecossistema Pantanal. Com o objetivo de levantar informações acerca das condições ambientais das Unidades de Conservação no Município de Aquidauana-MS, o estudo propõe uma análise preliminar da evolução do uso da terra e cobertura vegetal das Unidades de Conservação que abrangem a área do Pantanal, referente ao período de 1987 a 2012. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados consistiram no levantamento bibliográfico, cartográfico, iconográfico e da legislação existente, bem como análise da legislação. Os resultados indicam considerável preocupação em relação ao avanço da pecuária e consequente perda da vegetação nativa, implicando na necessidade urgente de monitoramento e  gestão ambiental para medidas de conservação do Pantanal. Palavras-Chave: Pantanal; Unidades de Conservação; Gestão ambiental AbstractAs a result of the economical advance production in Brazil and the consequent impacts on natural resources, the creation of the Conservation Units National System – SNUC, Law 9.985/2000, determinates important regulations and incentive to the conservation rules for natural areas in the different Brazilian ecosystem, seeking to have the difficult compatibility between economical development and the nature protection. In the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, municipality of Aquidauana, the environmental protection measures are essential due to the singular characteristics of the Pantanal ecosystem. Aiming to collect information about the environmental conditions of the Conservation Units in the municipality of Aquidauana-MS, the study proposes a preliminary analysis of the evolution of the land use and vegetal coverage in the Conservation Units that include the wetlands of Pantanal, referring to the periods from 1987 to 2012. The methodological procedures adopted consisted of literature, cartographical and iconographical survey as well as the existing legislation study. The results indicate considerable concern about the cattle breeding rise and eventual loss of the native vegetation, implying the urgent necessity of monitoring and environmental management for Pantanal conservation measures. Keywords: Pantanal; Conservation Units; Environmental Management. 

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH RISK FACTORS FOR POPULATION OF MEGAPOLISIS’SATELLITE TOWNS BY THE EXAMPLE OF LENINGRAD REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 614-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Fedorov ◽  
E. V. Zibarev ◽  
Yu. A. Novikova ◽  
A. A. Kovshov ◽  
K. B. Fridman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Minor towns with population size of 50-100 thousand people are much rarely studied in regards of the ecological-hygienic assessment of human environment, in spite of the fact that they are characterized by specific ecological problems. The objective of the study was the hygienic assessment of the impact of urban environment on population health status in Tikhvin and Gatchina towns of the Leningrad region. Morbidity rate in the population of Tikhvin and Gatchina in 2005-2015, atmospheric emissions of industrial enterprises, findings on monitoring for both atmospheric air pollution and centralized drinking water supply, as well as motor transport noise levels were studied. Population health risk stipulated by industrial emissions and noise exposure was calculated. Statistical data treatment with correlation analysis of the relationship between environmental pollution indices and population morbidity was carried out. The study revealed increased atmospheric air pollutant concentrations in Gatchina, which might be connected with motor transport effect. Acute non-carcinogenic risk levels resulting from air pollutants are on the borderline of the admissible level, while in Tikhvin town those values are significantly lower. Estimated concentrations of atmospheric pollutants produced by industrial emissions are by 1.5-2 times lower than the actual levels shown by monitoring. Noise levels and predicted health risks in Gatchina are on the borderline of the admissible level, while in Tikhvin they are significantly reduced. The statistically significant gain in the general primary morbidity rate indices due to respiratory diseases in Gatchina town, correlated with atmospheric air pollution, was revealed. Our study showed that despite the presence of large industrial enterprises in studied towns, motor transport proved to be the key factor that forms air pollution and noise load, more typical of large cities.

scholarly journals Scale Analysis and Correlation Study of Wildfire and the Meteorological Factors That Influence It

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiazheng Lu ◽  
Tejun Zhou ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Chuanping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Detrended Fluctuation

Wildfire is a large-scale complex system. Insight into the mechanism that drives wildfires can be revealed by the distribution of the wildfire over a large time scale, which is one of the important topics in wildfire research. In this study, the scaling properties of four meteorological factors (relative humidity, daily precipitation, daily average temperature, and maximum wind speed) that can affect wildfires (number of wildfires per day) were investigated by using the detrended fluctuation analysis method. The results showed that the time series for these meteorological factors and wildfires have similar power exponents and turning points for the power exponents curve. The five types of time series have a lasting and steady long-range power law correlation over a certain time scale range, where the corresponding exponents were 0.6484, 0.5724, 0.8647, 0.7344, and 0.6734, respectively. They also have a reversible long-range power law correlation beyond a certain time scale, where the corresponding exponents are 0.3862, 0.2218, 0.1372, 0.2621, and 0.2678. The multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis results showed that the wildfire time series were multifractal. The results of the research based on the detrended cross-correlation analysis and the multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis showed that relative humidity and daily precipitation have a considerable impact on the wildfire time series, while the impacts of daily average temperature and the maximum wind speed are relatively small. This study showed that identifying the factors causing the inherent volatility in the wildfire time series can improve understanding of the dynamic mechanism controlling wildfires and the meteorological parameters. These results can also be used to quantify the correlation between wildfire and the meteorological factors investigated in this study.

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