scholarly journals OVERCOMING THE BOUNDARIES OF EVERYDAYNESS IN NIALL GRIFFITHS`S NOVEL «STUMP»

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Ganna Stovba
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The paper presents the research of poetics of the fourth novel «Stump» (2004) written by contemporary Welsh Anglophone author Niall Griffiths. The early works of Niall Griffiths have long been associated with the off-center tendency in contemporary British fiction, with novels written by Scottish authors such as Irvine Welsh, James Kelman, John King. This study attempts to demonstrate that Welsh writer doesn’t merely articulate the problems of the fringe groups of the society as well as shocking and taboo topics. Also to overcome the common postcolonial approach to Griffiths`s works which focuses on the concepts of «colonial othering», «forms of disability» etc. in the novels, the author of the article proposes the existential philosophy as methodological basis for this research. The study concentrates over the central problem of the human Being-in-the-world, the human life in the world of everydayness in Griffiths`s novel «Stump». Understanding «the everyday life», «everydayness» as common, routine life, full of daily automatic human actions (according to B. Waldenfels) the author aims to consider the boundaries of everyday life and the experience of overcoming the borders of everydayness in the novel discussed.The analysis demonstrates that narrative structure of the novel combines several modes and forms of narration. Interior monologue with steam of consciousness fragments is the form of representing the first plot line focusing on the one day of nameless recovering alcoholic who has lost his left arm to gangrene. «Style indirect libre» in first person plural form is used to finish each of the chapter devoted to one-armed hero and expresses his contradictory point of view on the «12 steps addiction recovery» program. The non-diegetic impersonal narrator (according to V. Shmid classification) introduces the second plot line devoted to the two gangsters who have set out from Liverpool on a mission to find and punish the one-armed man for a past misdeed. Their continual dialog sometimes is interrupted by the omnipresent narrator voice who conveys in form of indirect speech one of the gangster`s thoughts and his perceptive and ideological «point of view». A Griffiths`s fictional space can be divided on close/open, secular/sacral, everyday/non-everyday types. In the novel Wales natural world is opposed to any closed and narrow spaces. One-armed protagonist fills himself free and happy in the open space, where he communicates with birds, animals and meets a pantheistic God. Oppositely, two gangsters are afraid of open space in the middle of dangerous nature of Wales, when they leave native Liverpool. Having the works of K. Jaspers and M. Merleau-Ponty as the basis for our research, we conclude that the body for one-armed hero is an existential and temporal border, which transforms each moment of his life into an endless «boundary situation» (germ. Grenzsituation, according to K. Jaspers). A journey to unknown Wales gives a start to personal transformations for one of the gangsters – Alastair. Crossing the geographical border becomes a time of «boundarysituation» in Alastair`s existence. Consequently, the motives of the real Being, existential self-identity, meeting with the transcendent are concerned with the experience of overcoming the everydayness, crossing its boundaries.

scholarly journals Ecocriticism and Anthropocentrism in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Biljana Vlašković Ilić
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi, the winner of numerous prestigious awards, was described as“very bold and extreme with a wonderful central idea” (Irish Examiner 2002). The “central idea” of the novel has been described differently by readers and literary critics around the world. For many, it is Pi’s relationship with the tiger, Richard Parker; for some, it is the decentering of humans in favour of animals; and yet for others, the central idea of Life of Pi lies in Martel’s unusual treatment of religions and their role in human life. In this paper we argue that that the main idea of the novel is Martel’s ecocriticism of humanity in general, and especially the tendency of humans to put themselves at the center of any story, whether about animals or gods. Martel creates a tangled web of many different stories which define Pi’s life in order to prioritize the role of fiction in the development of human personality and dissect the relations between the human, the natural world, and the text. Although he favors the animal story, the final chapter reveals that the only story humans find “real” is the one in which animals are seen as anthropomorphic.

She Climbs Toward the Light: Karen Armstrong’s The Spiral Staircase in a World of Displaced Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Maxine Walker
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Faith Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Spiral Staircase

The Spiral Staircase, Karen Armstrong’s self-narrative, shows the limitations of theological or religious reflections within a specific religious community. Leaving the Sisters of Charity for a tumultuous academic life, historian of religion Karen Armstrong lives a wrenching ontological dislocation that originates in her undiagnosed epilepsy and negative body experiences. Using semiotician Algirdas Greimas’s ‘Semiotic Square’ as an interpretive strategy, the unresolved tensions and contradictions exposed in the deep narrative structure of this non-traditional conversion memoir are resolved by ‘compassion’ at the manifest level. Armstrong’s experiences, both in and out of the convent, will inform her academic study and lead her to compassionate solidarity with the marginalized. Armstrong’s memoir reveals various internal and external forces that shape an individual woman’s way of being in the world, and that inform her investigation of multiple faith practices and beliefs. In a time of mass refugee migration and ‘homelessness’, the one woman, the one ‘other’, matters in how one thinks about the body and about God.

The genres of documentary novel of the “Neue Sachlichkeit” and the problem of cognition

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 502-509
Author(s):  
Olga A. Dronova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Neue Sachlichkeit ◽  
The World ◽  
Documentary Fiction ◽  
The One

We consider genre typology of documentary novels of “Neue Sachlichkeit”: a “report” novel, a “novel of fact” and a documentary montage novel. The proposed classification is based on the different nature of the interaction of narrative and document in these types of novels. In the “report” novel the narration is conducted from the point of view of the observer, the literary text appears as a testimony, the document of an era. The “novel of fact” is based on real documents that are partially or fully integrated into the artistic whole. In the montage novel fragments of doc-umentary material and narrative are connected with each other associatively, resulting in a frag-mentary image of the world. We analyze the novels of 1920s – early 1930s by J. Roth, A. Doeblin, E. Ottwalt, E. Reger, R. Brunngraber and E. Koeppen. We substantiate the conception, that the problem of cognition acquires special importance in the documentary-fiction novels of “Neue Sachlichkeit”. On the one hand, the hero of the novels is trying to understand the changed social reality. On the other hand, documentary-fiction novels of “Neue Sachlichkeit” require special way of reading: they are designed to activate the reader's perception, to teach the reader to recreate a complete picture of reality based on the comparison of different ways of its image: narrative, evi-dence and documents.

‘What has Christ to do with Apollo?’: evangelicalism and the novel, 1800–30

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
Doreen M. Rosman
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Wide Interval ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Reading

In December 1800 theEvangelical Magazinepublished a ‘Spiritual barometer; or, a scale of the progress of sin and of grace’. Towards the positive pole it was calibrated with the attributes and practices thought to characterise those destined for ‘glory’ and ‘dismission from the body’; at the other extreme, graded in degrees of depravity, were the activities of those assumed to be heading heedlessly to ‘death’ and ‘perdition’. Among the most heinous of sins, even more damning than attendance at the theatre, was ‘love of novels’.Novel-reading was condemned as a hallmark of worldliness. Evangelicals believed that church and world were diametrically opposed and that the safest route to sanctity lay in separation from the world, its contaminating company and perverting practices: ‘If we are not to think, to feel, to act, and to perish with the world, let a deep and wide interval yet exist between the habits of pleasure of the two parties.’ Ignorance of evil was deemed bliss: to read novels was to become familiar with just such beliefs and behaviour as were avoided in everyday life. Moreover, it was argued that novelists rarely upheld Christian values: they depicted wickedness sympathetically and effectively denied that sin, an affront to God, had dire consequences. They therefore misled their readers in matters of ultimate importance. Evangelicals maintained that the worthiness of characters should be evaluated according to criteria which God might be assumed to adopt. Failure to reflect a biblical outlook on life was a culpable misrepresentation of reality.

scholarly journals Ethnographic and mythopoetic space of the novel “Big Argish” by Mikhail Osharov

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Erzhen Gendenovna Sangadieva
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Fiction Writing ◽  
Soviet Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Artistic Heritage

The problem of studying the traditional cultures of the peoples of Russia is relevant in the modern social science and humanities research. A significant role in this process is played by literature that reveals the peculiarities of ethnopoetics, worldview, and perception of the world. In fiction writing, the ethnic specificities are reflected in depiction in the natural world, everyday life, mentality, as well ethnographic features of lifestyle of a certain community. Based on the novel by Mikhail Osharov (1894-1937), the article examines the ethnographic peculiarities of depicting the world and man. Analysis is conducted on images of the characters through the specificity of their ethnopsychological consciousness and traditional worldview. The research employs semantic and axiological methods. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of the national concept of the world through ethnographic peculiarities of depicting literary mages in the novel “Big Argish” by Mikhail Osharov. The novel was written in the Russian language, describing the unique culture, traditions and customs of the Evenki people of the early 1930s. During the political repressions, Mikhail Osharov was shot, and his artistic heritage was eliminated from the sociocultural space of the Soviet literature and literary studies. In the context of returning the names and heritage of the repressed writers, develops a new perspective of the literary works. In his novel, Mikhail Osharov preserved the peculiarities of traditional culture and everyday life of the Evenki people of the early XX century.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONS OF PERSONAL NAMES IN LATEST LATVIAN POETRY

Via Latgalica ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Ilga Šuplinska
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
To Come ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
The One

In the period of postmodern culture, a lot of importance is attributed to mythological thinking and to the decoding of myths and current cultural signs. Therefore, the use of „talking” personal names which are perceived symbolically becomes relevant. As semiotic research points out: „For the mythological conscience it is common to see the world as a book, where cognition equals reading, which is based on the mechanisms of decoding and identification”. (Lotmans, Uspenskis 1993: 35) That means that for a better comprehension of prose, also in postmodern texts one has to pay attention to the choice of personal names, their frequency, and the presence and characteristics of cultural connotations. Bearing in mind that features of postmodern texts are the disregard of genre borders and marginalism, it can hypothetically be assumed that similar attitudes towards the use of personal names can be found in poetry. However, considering both recent studies of personal names and of poetry, it is possible to conclude that poetry pays little attention to the studies of personal names. Personal names are not very common in poetic texts, and poets use them quite precautiously (unless they link it to the tendencies within postmodernism as mentioned above). The objective of this article is to describe the functionality of personal names in latest Latvian poetry. The methodological basis of the work was obtained by studying the works of semioticians (R. Jakobson, Y. Lotman, B. Uspenskiy, Y. Levin, etc,), using the practical experience of philological text analysis (O. Nikolina, J. Kazarin), as well as by studying the attitudes of particular authors towards personal names (V. Rudnev, P. Florensky, A. Losev, G. Frege). The sources for the research for this article were anthologies of four young poetesses who were born in the 1970s and made their debut at the turn of the century, from which anthroponyms where taken for description: Inga Gaile’s „Laiks bija iemīlējies” (Time was in love, 1999) and „Kūku Marija” (Pastry Maria, 2007), Andra Menfelde’s „tranšejas dievi rok” (Gods dig trenches, 2005), Liga Rundane’s „Leluos atlaidys” (Great absolution, 2004), and Agita Draguna’s „prāts” (Mind, 2004). When analyzing the expressions of personal name in these anthologies, and thereby looking for mutual interconnections both within one anthology and from a comparative angle, a cultural sight of the generation born in the 70s (or at least of the „reading” intellectual part of that generation) could be identified. It turns out that the frequency and the uniformity/diversity of the usage of personal names can reveal tendencies of a particular trend. Clear spatial and associative semantic borders are revealed in the poetry of Agita Draguna and Liga Rundane, although it should be mentioned that personal names are very rarely used in the poetry. In contrast, the poetry of Inga Gaile and Andra Manfelde features a diversity of personal names, a tendency of appellativization, and a variety of interpretations of personal names. In the poetry of L. Rundane and A. Draguna it is possible to distinguish groups of personal names which unequivocally reveal the existence of their worlds, and mark the values of the lyrics. In the poetry of these authors two groups of personal names can be distinguished: 1) Poets: Andryvs Yurdzhs, Rainis, Oskars Seiksts (in the poetry of L. Rundane), Anthony McCann, Fjodor Tjutchev, Omar Hayam, Arseny Tarkovsky (in the poetry of A. Draguna) 2) Mythical characters: Shiva, Isida, Zuhra, Djemshid (in the poetry of A. Draguna), Virgin Mary (Jumprova Marija, in the poetry of L. Rundane). In the poetry of L. Rundane, one’s world has a Latgalian identity. In contrast, in the poetry of A. Draguna the world is more sought for, whereas one’s values seem to come from Eastern concepts of the mind and the meaning of a human life. In the poetry of I. Gaile and A. Manfelde the use of a personal name is aimed at: - marking one’s space, but unlike in the poetry of the authors mentioned above, it is full of doubts and controversies not only on the emotional level, but also regarding the values that one is looking for. Therefore personal names serve to reveal these controversies, not just to acknowledge one’s space; - a self-extinguishment of personal names and their change into simulacra, - or the process of mythologization of everyday life. It can be concluded that the limited use of personal names, of separate names, and of phrases which start with a capital letter, such as the lack of persistence in changing pronouns and generic names into the status of personal names (Miracle, You, Father of Noise, etc), proves the intensity of the perception of the mythical world, an expression paradigm common for postmodernism. (L. Rundane, A. Draguna). The relatively free and manifold use of personal names, their changes into generic names (contextual appellativization), the quest for general notions (lexical meanings), and the desire to create them (Barbie, harlequin, Aivazovsky, Lennon, Tanya, etc.) on the one hand create sumulacra, and on the other hand emphasize a mythologization of everyday life and the possibilities of its use in literary texts (through the use of figures or palimpsests).

scholarly journals POSTREALISM AND NATIONAL MODELS OF EVERYDAY LIFE IN MODERN WOMEN’S PROSE OF GREAT BRITAIN (ANNA BURNS AND BERNADINE EVARISTO)

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Tetiana Sverbilova
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
National Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The article analyzes the poetics of everyday life in the novels of Anna Burns «Milkman» and Bernardin Evaristo «Girl, Woman, Other» in terms of modern theories of postrealism, which exists in the paradigm of both postmodernism and metamodernism. Accordingly, the narrative purpose of everyday rhetoric changes towards the symbolization of the banal as everyday. The traditional realities and details of the various national models of everyday life of both Irish and black British women, such as corporeality, appearance, food, clothing, topos of open space and interiors of private life, family and sexual relations, details of career and professional occupations, education and leisure, sports, various hobbies, etc. It is determined similar and diverse in different local national, racial and cultural matrices within the British postrealism of the gender type, which opposes traditional mimetic realism by the tendency to symbolize and metaphorize reality. In the age of postrealism, this is an attempt in the global world to modernize everyday life up to the level of the main modern problems of mankind. Postrealistic processes of symbolization of everyday life in the aspect related to the processes of globalization of culture is considered. This is the interaction of totalitarian thinking and new global practices of mankind. In this case, according to the principles of transculturation of global culture, it is not a one-sided influence, but interaction and interpenetration. The imagologem of the Other is analyzed as a cultural phenomenon and as a subject of narration. The difference of female images is identified as a national betrayal from the point of view of the patriarchal-tribalist community in the novel by Anna Burns. But the view of «others» in Bernardin Evaristo’s novel is characterized too by a certain monopoly in deviating from this otherness, both in thedirection of trying to preserve national, racial identity, and in the direction of the traditional norm as the oppression of a peculiar and diverse personality. The struggle for the right to an independent identity becomes the main plot of both novels, which move, on the one hand, in the traditional gender themes and, on the other hand, go beyond traditional women’s prose, not least due to symbolic stylistics and poetics in the display of everyday life in postrealist discourse.

La lógica del crimen: Patricia Highsmith

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ramón Arana
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The One

ResumenDesde la perspectiva de una teoría de la acción hay tres tipos de narrativa criminal: la del detective, que busca la aclaración de un asesinato y en la que el lector se identifica con el detective; la de la víctima, que está aún por escribir, la del criminal: es la de Patricia Highsmith, en donde asistimos a la comisión del crimen. Se estudia su lógica (un crímen lleva siempre a otro crímen)., la función de la cotidianidad, los problemas de la identidad, el sexo, la corrupción, y la dificultad de la identificación del lector con alguno de los componentes de la novela.PALABRAS CLAVEHIGHSMITH-CRIMEN-CORRUPCIÓN-IDENTIDADABSTRACTFrom the perspective of an action - theory, there are three types of criminal narrative: the one from the detective´s point of view, which searches the clarifiction of the murder; the one from the victim´s point of view, which has not been written jet; the one from the criminal: the one of Patricia Highsmith, in which we are present at the murder scene. We study his logic (one murderleads to another), the function of the everyday life, the problems of identity, sex, corruption and difficulties for the reader to be identified with any of the components of the novel. KEYWORDSHIGHSMITH-CRIME-CORRUPTION-INDENTITY

scholarly journals The Christian Ideal and the Communist Ideology in the Novel by Eugenio Corti “The Red Horse”

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Novel ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Italian History ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War ◽  
Great Love

The paper examines the phenomenon of creativity of the Italian writer Eugenio Corti, author of the historical novel Il Cavallo Rosso. Namely, it concerns the specificity of his artistic method and themes. The historical novel Il Cavallo Rosso, describes the 30-year period of Italian history from the pre-war period to the referendum on divorce in post-war Italy in the Seventies, so it points out many different and interesting features. This article will mainly focus the attention on the problems concerning the value of human life and humanity, from the point of view both of the Christian ideal and communist ideology. The novel is especially relevant for modern Ukraine, since it shows how the experience of the war can help rethinking national identity, the significance of history and of human life. Even the war represented for the author the possibility of realizing his own task, i.e. discovering the truth of himself and of the world. He could even say: «War can be an immense advantage. War makes men. The war teaches an infinite number of things because it shows us our fellow men as they are: it teaches us to truly know men». Accepting reality as it is represented to Corti the possibility of realizing its mission to be aware of himself and of man condition in general. The dynamisms of the narration in the novel Il Cavallo Rosso reflect the same dynamisms of life: life never goes on standby, human beings never renounce hope, they keep on looking for new and better answers to their existential questions. In this sense Corti's novel can be considered historical, not only because the author, fond of history, loved to be extremely faithful to the facts, but also because he admirably managed to make the same mechanisms of history and life. Through his great love for reality and his desire to know it better and let it known to everybody, Corti discovered his vocation in the world of literature: the vocation of being a Witness. And the novel we are talking about is a proof of this, as there are narrated his life experiences and those of his generation. Knowing better Man and History, the Life and its meaning, is the main goal of the big novel Il cavallo rosso, this is why the concepts of “experience”, “testimony” and “anti-testimony” will be highlighted as main components of both the author’s life and his literary vocation.

How quarantine affected information security: a political analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
A.U. Nussipova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
The One ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Negative Factors

Since the end of last year, the new COVID-19 infection has had an unprecedented impact on various areas of human life, including the modern technological structure. Among the global negative factors, both health problems and cybersecurity challenges were noted. Security problems with remote access to the novel coronavirus COVID-19 during a pandemic are identified for objective and subjective reasons. On the one hand, accessing the Internet from home is not difficult from a security point of view, on the other hand, the transition to quarantine was unexpected.

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