scholarly journals Study of subacute renal toxicity of Bisphenol A in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 346-355
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Renal System ◽  
Different Doses

Background and Aims: Bisphenol A (BPA) falls in the category of hormonal disruptors due to its widespread application, and several studies have revealed its toxicity in different doses. However, few studies have investigated the effect of BPA on the renal system. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of BPA on renal system function in rats. Materials and Methods: Initially, the rats were divided into 6 groups (n=6). Group 1 received only the carrier substance. The rats in the second to sixth groups were gavaged with BPA in 0.1, 1, 10, 50, and, 100 mg/kg/BW/day doses for 29 days, respectively. On the 30th day, blood samples were taken from the heart and kidney tissues were separated after collecting 24 h urine. Biochemical parameters including urea, creatinine, total urine and serum protein, and serum albumin were measured subsequently. Eventually, kidney tissue was sent to a laboratory for histological examination. Results: There was no significant difference in serum creatinine levels in rats treated with different doses of bisphenol A. However, its level in urine increased at 50 mg/kg dose, compared to 1 and 10 mg/kg doses (P<0.001). Serum and urine urea increased significantly only at of 10 mg/kg dose, compared to 1 and 0.1 mg/kg doses (P<0.001). Serum albumin was reduced at 100 mg/kg dose, compared to controls. Total serum protein decreased at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, compared to controls and increased in urine at 50mg/kg dose (P<0.001). The protein/creatinine ratio increased significantly at doses of 1 to 50 mg/kg (P<0.001). Histological examination also revealed that BPA caused degenerative, infiltration, and dilation changes in kidney tissue in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Based on the obtained data, BPA at 50 and 100 mg/kg concentrations could lead to kidney tissue damage in rats and subsequent renal failure.

scholarly journals Pemberian makanan F100 dengan bahan substitusi tepung tempe terhadap status protein pasien anak dengan gizi kurang

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Diniyah Kholidah ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono ◽  
Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Degree Of Association

Background: Much effort has been made to counter the weaknesses of F100 through the development of milk powder substituted with ingredients that have a high content of protein and energy, high bioavailability and relatively low cost.Objective: To analyze an effect of F100 supplementation using substitute tempeh flour on protein status (total protein serum and serum albumin) among undernourished pediatric patients.Method: Experimental research with randomized clinical control trial among 30 undernourished children consisting of open clinical trial in two experiment groups, supplemented with F100 or substitute F100 (isoenergetic and isoprotein diet) within 14 days. The study was undertaken in April-August 2010 at pediatric inpatient room of Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. Data of food intake were obtained through visual Comstock and 24-hour food recall; data of total serum protein through biuret method; serum albumin (Alb) through cellulose acetate electrophoresis method. Data analysis was using Pearson Chi-Square test and unpaired t-test.Results: The result of unpaired t-test on the average intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate showed there was no significant difference in each experimental groups (p>0.05). The test result of total serum protein level and serum Alb level showed there was no significant difference in each experiment (p=0.240 and p=0.774). The result of correlation coefficient test showed there was no significant association between intake of energy and nutrient and total serum level and serum Alb level (p>0.05) and degree of association showed a weak association (r>0.25).Conclusion: Formula of F100 substitute as complementary food could be used as an alternative food in diet therapy of malnourished children on rehabilitation phase.

Increased serum albumin, γ globulin, immunoglobulin IgG, and IgG2 and IgG4 in autism

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1457-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CROONENBERGHS ◽  
A. WAUTERS ◽  
K. DEVREESE ◽  
R. VERKERK ◽  
S. SCHARPE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Serum Concentrations

Background. Research on the biological pathophysiology of autism has found some evidence that immune alterations may play a role in the pathophysiology of that illness. As a consequence we expected to find that autism is accompanied by abnormalities in the pattern obtained in serum protein electrophoresis and in the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and IgG subclass profile.Method. We examined whether subjects with autism showed changes in total serum protein (TSP) and the serum concentrations of albumin, α1 globulin, α2 globulin, β globulin and γ globulins, IgA, IgM and IgG and the IgG subclasses IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, compared with normal controls.Results. We found significantly increased concentrations of TSP in autistic subjects, which were attributable to increased serum concentrations of albumin and γ globulin. Serum IgG, IgG2 and IgG4 were also significantly raised. In autism there were significant and positive correlations between social problems and TSP and serum γ globulin and between withdrawal symptoms and TSP and serum albumin and IgG.Conclusions. The results suggest that autism is characterized by increased TSP, a unique pattern obtained in serum protein electrophoresis, i.e. increased serum albumin and IgG, and by a specific IgG subclass profile, i.e. increased serum IgG2 and IgG4. The increased serum concentrations of IgGs in autism may point towards an underlying autoimmune disorder and/or an enhanced susceptibility to infections resulting in chronic viral infections, whereas the IgG subclass skewing may reflect different cytokine-dependent influences on autoimmune B cells and their products.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK EKSTRAK KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) TERHADAP SISTEM IMUN TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardiah Mardiah ◽  
Dwi Aryanti Nur’utami ◽  
Arti Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian serbuk ekstrak kelopak bunga rosela terhadap sistem imun tikus Sprague Dawley. Parameter yang diamati adalah leukosit, differensial leukosit, organ limfoid (limpa dan hati), total serum protein dan serum albumin dari darah tikus Sprague Dawley. Hewan uji dibagi atas 4 kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Kelompok pertama adalah kelompok normal, kelompok 2 diberikan stimuno forte dosis 1,35 mg/KgBB, kelompok 3 diberikan serbuk ekstrak rosela I dosis 40,5 mg/KgBB, dan kelompok 4 diberikan serbuk ekstrak rosela II dosis 81 mg/KgBB secara sonde selama 28 hari. Pada hari ke-0 dan hari ke-29 dilakukan pengambilan darah. Analisa data menggunakan perhitungan selisih, yang hasilnya dibandingkan dengan nilai normal tikus kondisi sehat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pemberin serbuk ekstrak rosela I dosis 40,5 mg/KgBB KgBB dapat mempertahankan fungsi sistem imun pada tikus Sprague Dawley dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata jumlah neutrofil segmen sebesar 42,2%, total serum protein sebesar 10,99g/dl, bobot limpa relatif sebesar 0,22% dan bobot hati relatif sebesar 3,27% yang masih dalam batas normal hewan coba dalam kondisi sehat sehingga dapat memberikan efek protektif terhadap serangan antigen. Kata kunci :  Serbuk ekstrak,  rosela, sistem imun

scholarly journals Studies in Bisalbuminemia: Binding Properties of the Two Albumins

Blood ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD J. SARCIONE ◽  
C. WILLIAM AUNGST
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Serum Components

Abstract 1. An abnormal serum protein pattern in a patient with Wegener’s granulomatosis and five of his relatives was identified as bisalbuminemia by electrophoretic and immunochemical methods. 2. With the exception of the patient with Wegener’s syndrome, the presence of bisalbuminemia was not associated with a significant change in total serum proteins, total albumin, serum components other than albumin, or any disease. 3. Addition of I131-thyroxine to bisalbumin sera resulted in thyroxine binding by albumin B but not by albumin A. The failure of albumin A to bind added I131-thyroxine leads to speculation that, in this family, neither albumin A nor B are identical to normal human serum albumin.

Standards for Total Serum Protein Assays— A Collaborative Study

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil T Doumas
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Final Reaction ◽  
Protein Assays

Abstract We have studied the standardization of total serum protein assay with the biuret reaction. Standard solutions were prepared from lyophilized preparations of human serum albumin and bovine serum albumin, with corrections made for volatile material and ash contents. These solutions and a solution of crystalline albumin standard were analyzed with a new stable biuret reagent, to establish absorptivity values (values for the absorbance of a 1 g/liter final reaction mixture). The mean values obtained were 0.302, 0.292, and 0.290 for human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, and the crystalline albumin, respectively. We believe that the established absorptivity value will improve the accuracy of serum protein determinations. We studied the linearity of the relation between color produced and protein concentration, with use of the solutions described above and a serum pool. The color adheres to Beer's law up to the highest concentration tested: 3 g/liter for HSA and BSA, and 2.8 g/liter for serum in the final reaction mixture. The new biuret reagent has been stable for one year at room temperature. We recommend the use of bovine serum albumin as a primary standard for serum protein assays. It is inexpensive, easily available, and exhibits the best linearity in the biuret reaction.

scholarly journals Protein deficiency during pregnancy and lactation impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion but increases the sensitivity to insulin in weaned rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Q. Latorraca ◽  
Everardo M. Carneiro ◽  
Antonio C. Boschero ◽  
Maria A. R. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Protein Serum

We studied glucose homeostasis in rat pups from dams fed on a normal-protein (170 g/kg) (NP) diet or a diet containing 60 g protein/kg (LP) during fetal life and the suckling period. At birth, total serum protein, serum albumin and serum insulin levels were similar in both groups. However, body weight and serum glucose levels in LP rats were lower than those in NP rats. At the end of the suckling period (28 d of age), total serum protein, serum albumin and serum insulin were significantly lower and the liver glycogen and serum free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in LP rats compared with NP rats. Although the fasting serum glucose level was similar in both groups, the area under the blood glucose concentration curve after a glucose load was higher for NP rats (859 (sem 58) mmol/l per 120 min for NP rats v. 607 (sem 52) mmol/l per 120 min for LP rats; P < 0.005). The mean post-glucose increase in insulin was higher for NP rats (30 (sem 4.7) nmol/l per 120 min for NP rats v. 17 (sem 3.9) nmol/l per 120 min for LP rats; P < 0.05). The glucose disappearance rate for NP rats (0.7 (sem 0.1) %/min) was lower than that for LP rats (1.6 (sem 0.2)%/min; P < 0.001). Insulin secretion from isolated islets (1 h incubation) in response to 16.7mmol glucose/l was augmented 14-fold in NP rats but only 2.6-fold in LP rats compared with the respective basal secretion (2.8 mmol/l; P < 0.001). These results indicate that in vivo as well as in vitro insulin secretion in pups from dams maintained on a LP diet is reduced. This defect may be counteracted by an increase in the sensitivity of target tissues to insulin.

Three turbidimetric methods for determining total protein compared.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1377-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
H H Nishi ◽  
R J Elin
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Benzethonium Chloride ◽  
Human Serum Protein ◽  
Biuret Method

Abstract We used human serum protein fractions to evaluate the sensitivity and bias of three turbidimetric methods for determining concentrations of proteins. Each fraction (Cohn Fractions II, III, IV, and V) was assigned a protein concentration value that was determined by the biuret method, which we calibrated with purified monomer of human serum albumin. All three turbidimetric methods (those involving sulfosalicylic acid/sodium sulfate, trichloroacetic acid, and alkaline benzethonium chloride) gave acceptable results for Fraction V with crystallized human serum albumin as the reference material, but there was bias by each of the three methods for the three globulin fractions. The method involving alkaline benzethonium chloride with measurement at 450 nm had the best sensitivity within the range of linearity and the most consistent bias among the three globulin fractions. These results define the dilemma for valid calibration of these methods for total serum protein in cerebrospinal fluid and urine.

scholarly journals WHAT IS THE EFFECTS OF PARACETAMOL APPLIED AT DIFFERENT DOSES TO HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN RAT FETUS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9(78)) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Y. Seher Y. ◽  
A. Vugar A. ◽  
T. Adem T. ◽  
A. Şükrü ◽  
U. İlyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Rat Fetus ◽  
Toxic Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Different Doses

Paracetamol is the first preferred pharmacological agent as a pain reliever and antipyretic in all periods of pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to analyze trace element and heavy metal levels in the placenta, intestinal and kidney tissues of rats in the early development period of paracetamol. Sixteen pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups; the control group, the 50 mg/kg paracetamol group, the 250 mg/kg paracetamol group, the 500 mg/kg paracetamol group. There was a statistically significant decrease in the placental weight of the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, a statistically significant difference was found in terms of cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb) levels compared to the control group and the groups that received various doses of paracetamol. There were also statistically significant differences in intestinal chromium (Cr), selenium (Se) and cadmium (Cd) levels in the studied groups. In addition, significant differences were detected in all trace elements and heavy metal levels except Cd in the groups studied in kidney tissue (p <0.01 for all). As a result, it was determined that the use of paracetamol during pregnancy disrupted the current balance due to the increase in dose. In addition, it was observed that the weight of the placenta decreased due to the paracetamol dose, and the placenta Pb and Co levels increased. In other tissues, there was no toxic concentration at heavy metal and trace element levels, but the highest levels were determined in the control group.

scholarly journals C - reactive protein predictive marker value and its significance in management of pre dialysis chronic kidney disease patients when correlated with total serum proteins and serum albumin levels: experience in a teaching institution

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balvinder Singh Arora ◽  
Indu Biswal ◽  
Poornima Sen ◽  
Santhosh Rajan ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
P Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is imposing newer challenges, not only globally, but, also in India, especially managing the end stage renal disease (ESRD). Screening for CKD at an early stage, by, high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) with or without other clinical, biochemical or anthropometric parameters helps initiate specific therapy to reduce the progression of renal disease. Although, malnutrition, inflammation and cardio vascular diseases (CVD) have been shown as significant independent risk factors of mortality in CKD patients, but, whether there exists any relationship between hsCRP and serum proteins and serum albumin levels, one of the important indicators of PEM, has not been extensively studied in pre-dialysis CKD patients.Methods: The study included a total of 60 adult subjects. Of these, 30 were study cases who fulfilled the case definition of CKD and were compared with 30 patients who did not show any signs or symptoms of CKD. As per the objective - hsCRP values were estimated by ELISA test, quantified and statistically correlated with total serum proteins and albumin levels.Results: A significant difference was found in the mean value of hsCRP in cases and in controls (p value 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the mean level of total serum protein in cases and controls, but, the mean differences in the level of serum albumin between cases and controls was significant. The association of serum albumin and hsCRP was found to be significant (p value <0.001). If a level of serum albumin < 3.5 is taken as a marker of malnutrition, it is found that 66.66% of patients have hypo-albuminaemia.Conclusions: The present study comes to an important conclusion that hsCRP is a useful  independent predictor of CKD and if correlated with serum albumin levels, it would help clinician manage the patient effectively by initiating an aggressive yet very appropriate therapy at the pre-dialysis stage with the likelihood of an ‘evidence based’ reduction in morbidity and mortality.

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