scholarly journals Transformation of Artistic Imageries of the World and National Cinema in the Era of Postmodern

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
O. V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
National Cinema ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Artistic Images

Introduction. In the last third of the 20th century new trends appeared in various spheres of public life. That made possible to characterize this time period as the era of postmodern. The culture processes of this period were called postmodernism. Despite significant research on the topic and phenomenon of postmodernism, it remains a subject of discussion, which makes the problem of its further study actual. The article reveals postmodernism through the prism of new accents in the disclosure of artistic images in world and national cinema. Transformation of artistic imageries in the cinema is analyzed in the historical, cultural and philosophical terms, which is an element of novelty of the article.Methodology and sources. The methodology is based on the analysis of sources and literature, taking into account interdisciplinary approaches. Historical, comparative, systemic and semiotic research approaches are used. The author also used an integrated approach (formational and civilizational), which gives us a new perspective in understanding cultural phenomenon.Results and discussion. The artistic images of the world cinema are conceptually considered in a comparative analysis with the pre-war and post-war eras. The theoretical basis is the work of foreign (F. Jameson, J. Lacan) and domestic researchers (V.M. Dianova, I.P. Ilyin, N.A. Khrenov). National cinematography in the postmodern era is studied in the context of global and European processes, which makes possible to identify its general and specific feature.The results of the study show that in the last third of the 20th century, a significant transformation of artistic imageries took place in the world and in the national cinematography. It was based on unprecented social and cultural processes that led to profound behavioral and discursive changes. National cinematography reflected in its development global trends. However, the cultural development of Russian society in the postmodern era coincided with a systemic crisis and the collapse of statehood. That determined the specificity of Russian postmodernism, its philosophical and cultural orientation. In this regard, the urgency of the problem of studying the cultural dynamics of spiritual processes of the late Soviet period and post-Soviet Russia, including in cinematography, is obvious.Conclusion. Cinematography as one of the most important phenomena fully reflects the dynamics of modern spiritual processes. Therefore, the study of artistic imageries of the world and national cinematography in the postmodern era is of significant research interest. The use of interdisciplinary and integrated approaches, taking into account the achievements of foreign and national researches, allows us to get a multidimensial picture of the spiritual transformation of the society. An unbiased understanding of the cultural and historical experience of the last third of the 20th century makes it possible to better understand the modern world, because without an analysis of the past, both the present and the future are inconceivable.

Academic E. E. Golubinsky in the interior of the era

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Andrey Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
Education And Society ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

E. E. Golubinsky, one of the most prominent natives of the Kostroma land, the largest historian of the Russian Orthodox Church, the first of the professors of the Moscow Theological Academy, elected as an ordinary academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Through the prism of the milestones of the historian’s biography, the article examines the general trends in the socio-cultural development of Russia in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries The specific features in the culture of everyday life of the Orthodox clergy are analyzed, the problem field of church educational institutions is structured, the portrait characteristic of the theological and academic corporation is personalized, its role in the historical and cultural development of Russian society is revealed. The amazing fate of E. E. Golubinsky, his intellectual honesty, commitment to the religious, moral and institutional reorganization of the historical church are updated in the context of contemporary problems of Russian education and society as a whole. The problematic connotations in the development of theological and academic corporations are revealed — the lack of a single intellectual and spiritual space in their coexistence, a certain disconnectedness of their position in the socio-cultural development of society, the need to deepen their interaction with representatives of secular intelligentsia. The necessary consequence of the synergy of scientific knowledge and spiritual faith is the construction of the Orthodox philosophy of history, which in the context of the crisis that is being experienced today, essential discourse is of practical importance in the inevitability of dialogue and the inevitability of creative transformation of personality in the modern world.

Intercultural Communication in Translingual Literary Text (based on the cycle of A. Zhaksylykov “Dreams of the Damned”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
Olga A. Valikova ◽  
◽  
Nina V. Shchennikova ◽  
Sheker A. Kulieva
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Artistic Images

The purpose of this article is to analyze the transcultural literary text as a space for the “meeting” of languages and cultures. The modern world exists in the conditions of global transculturalism (F. Ortiz), when sign systems interact, giving rise to new images of the world. The language, which translates into a wide communicative space the elements of the original culture for the author, experiences its influence on itself. The literary text acquires multidimensionality and “convexity” due to the inclusion in it of alternative genre forms, narrative strategies and tactics, archetypes. On the basis of the novel series “Dreams of the Damned”, written by the Kazakh writer A. Zhaksylykov, we demonstrate in this work the mechanisms of “internal intercultural interaction” between Kazakh and Russian cultures, using the methods of hermeneutic commentary, mythopoetic and narrative analysis. We come to the conclusion that cultural content requires the creation of adequate forms of artistic representation. The result is the creation of new novel forms of depiction, the complication of the artistic images of the world and the strengthening of the empathic effect that a literary text can provide.

scholarly journals Observing the transformation of the world. A modern architect in the Alpine pastures

ARCHALP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Rosset
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Alpine Pastures ◽  
Active Observation ◽  
Mountain Pasture ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Village ◽  
Present Life

The 20th century marked the beginning of the massive transformation of mountain lifestyles. The architects took this opportunity to extend their experimental territories to the Alps. The French architect Albert Laprade had a very different approach. Having arrived in Haute-Savoie in the mid-1920s to spend his holidays, he gradually bought the Charousse mountain pasture in the village of Les Houches (Haute-Savoie, France). He transformed it into a family resort by including some cottages of modern comfort, focusing on preserving the landscape structures of the place. This article reviews this particular approach in the journey of an architect who, moreover, builds in a “modern” style. By questioning the tools he mobilizes from his pasture, we will see how Albert Laprade implements an active observation of the territory. From photography to the collection of objects, it brings together the traces of changing traditional lifestyles. But without turning into the past, he works to promote on the national architectural scene the achievements that are fully anchored in the present life, the architects who build the “climate stations” in the mountains. Then, the Alps become a timeless setting, an observation post from which the architect seems to be able to withdraw to evaluate the modern world.

scholarly journals COVID-19 as a challenge to the Economics, society and Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-265
Author(s):  
A. N. Kuriukin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
Asset Class ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: to consider in detail the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the modern world, in relation to three dimensions – the economy, society. Politics, to outline the most problematic points of negative effects generation, to propose directions for the restoration of the world system within the framework of the formation of a new post-COVID-19 ”normality”.Methods: includes the principles of systemic, theoretical-cognitive, institutional, instrumental and interdisciplinary approaches, mediated by the accepted in social science ideas about the relationship and interaction of subjective and objective factors in social processes with relative independence of the subject.Results: today, the world around us and human civilization, together with the impressive process of globalization, has entered the stage of the emergence of new challenges that were not previously presented to it or were not manifested so powerfully. The first of these challenges of the current 21st century is undoubtedly the COVID-19 pandemic. Today it is stated that, according to the most optimistic estimates, the fall of the world economy may exceed the crisis of 2008–2009. In terms of social practices and communications, COVID-19 is already forcing us to design a new “normality” that will become a reality in the post-COVID-19 era. In the field of politics, it is stated that in authoritarian and authoritarian regimes, a more effective public response to restrictive measures was ensured.Conclusions and Relevance: at the present stage, the market and the signals it gives, by asset class, recession and recovery patterns, should be closely monitored not only by economists, but also by sociologists. political scientists, politicians and public figures. Urgent and decisive political action is needed not only to contain the pandemic and save lives, but also to protect the most vulnerable in our society from economic collapse and to maintain economic growth and financial stability.

Kharkiv Art History School (1900s – early 2020s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
L. Sokolyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Jewish Art ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The City

The article attempts to outline the activity of Kharkiv art history school from the time of its formation in the 1900s to the present day. The author reveals the main directions of research of university art history in Kharkiv, as well as figures of museum institutions who were engaged in the study of topical problems of art before the outbreak of Stalinist terror, when Kharkiv art history school was completely destroyed, and its representatives were either shot (F. Shmit, P. Fomin, K. Slipko-Moskaltsiv) or sent into exile (S. Taranushenko, P. Zholtovsky, D. Gordeiev, O. Berladina). It is emphasized that none of them ever returned to Kharkiv. This became a serious obstacle in the restoration of the scientific art history school in the city. This process lasted for a very long time in comparison with other artistic centers, Kyiv and Lviv in particular. The article reveals the traditions of art history science in Kharkiv, laid down in the first third of the 20th century before its destruction in the Stalinist period. The author also shows the changes in the organization of research activities in modern conditions, when university art history has become a thing of the past, and the scientific center has moved to the higher art institution of the city, which became the Kharkiv Institute of Art and Industry (the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts from 2001).The main directions of the development of art history in this higher educational institution of art in Kharkiv are revealed. It is shown that, first of all, Ukrainian studios were resumed as a separate direction and such an outstanding phenomenon of Ukrainian national art as M. Boichuk’s school, destroyed during the Stalinist repressions, was reconstructed. Separate pages about some figures of the glorious cohort of Ukrainian masters who, with their work, personified the bright and tragic era for the Ukrainian creative intelligentsia of the 1920s, namely artist-writer M. Zhuk as well as representatives of the avant-garde phenomenon in the artistic culture of the 20th century in Kharkiv (V. Yermilov, B. Kosarev, A. Petrytsky), were also revealed. Not only was the range of Oriental studies restored, but to some extent expanded, the study of Far and Middle Eastern art was introduced, and the study of Ukrainian art Judaica and Jewish art was brought to the wider modern world. In the Soviet period this was impossible due to the policy of the Soviet power. Ukrainian theater decoration art, Ukrainian school of art photography, contemporary art became new directions. The development of established traditions and deepening of the study of the sacred art and modern art forms are among the prospects for further directions.

scholarly journals Images of “Other Countries” in Today’s Worldview of Russian Citizens

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Elena Shestopal
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Global World ◽  
Global States ◽  
India And China

This paper analyses the images of other countries as seen by Russian citizens. The author contemplates how the Russians perceive neighbouring countries, the strategic partners (India and China), certain European states and the European Union as a whole, as well as the United States, Turkey, and Thailand. Notwithstanding the differences in the images of these countries perceived by the Russians, they share certain similarities. First of all, those images feature some poor awareness, reflecting how ill-informed we are. The study shows that nowadays our fellow citizens know less about the world than before, and their spectrum of interests is narrower. Following the Western media, the Russian media and Internet focus on a limited number of “important” countries, ignoring the majority of the global states. Second, three decades of travel freedom influenced the worldview of millions of the Russians. Their perception of the world grew more coherent and adequate; however, it still lacks consistency and cognitive clearness. Evidently, personal experience is not sufficient to form such a vision of the global world that includes both awareness and a system of values shaped in consideration of the national interests. And third, the Russian society is not homogeneous in its perception of foreign nations. There are senior people and social groups that have largely retained idealized concepts of the world formed in the early post-Soviet period. Namely, those, who were politically socialized in late 1980s and early 1990s, as well as the intellectual elite.

scholarly journals Geopolitical Challenges of Modern Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Liudmila Novoskoltseva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
European Security ◽  
The World

One of the most important and decisive phenomena of our time is globalization as a complex and ambiguous process that does not diminish but increases and deepens the economic differentiation of countries and peoples, forms contradictions in political, social and cultural development, and therefore finding a common denominator is becoming increasingly difficult. The essence of globalization as a social process lies in the growing interconnection and interdependence of national economies, national political and social systems, national cultures, and human interaction with the environment. At the beginning of the 21st century, globalization as a new reality was at the center of attention of academics and politicians. As the experts point out, the modern world is characterized by deepening economic and political interdependence and mutual influence, the expansion of international integration, the creation of regional integration associations, the inclusion of the interaction of new markets and actors, and the use of new rules and instruments in this process on a global scale. Globalization is prepared by the whole course of historical development and naturally continues the process of internationalization. Internationalization and globalization are closely interconnected, interact and rival, generating hybrid forms. However, globalization is qualitatively different from the process of internationalization. The distinctive feature of globalization is that the scale and depth of awareness of the world as a single space grows, while internal events in one or another country have the same effect on other peoples and states as foreign policy shares. The basis of the characteristic features of globalization in the economic sphere is the expansion of trade and its liberalization, the internationalization of the turnover of capital and the removal of obstacles to its movement, profound changes in the financial sphere, which more than other forms of cooperation are experiencing the consequences of the e-revolution, the deployment of transnational corporations (TNCs) and their growing expansion, dominant orientation of demand for the world market, the formation of international financial institutions. The processes of shaping the European security policy and the functioning of a common European foreign policy contribute to the transformation of the perception of the concept of neutrality by neutral states, as well as other EU member states that are simultaneously NATO members. Recognizing its geopolitical priorities and developing a foreign policy strategy, Ukraine needs to take into account the transformation of the concept of neutrality. Key words: Ukraine, geopolitical challenges, globalization, integration, national interests

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN THE DE-CONFLICITING OF UKRAINIANNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Sorochuk
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World

The article raises the issue of the importance of preserving and increasing the national cultural traditions of Ukrainians, without which one cannot hope for development in the civilization process, because based on cultural and spiritual priorities, a full-fledged sociocultural environment with values is forming. The article considers the essence of national culture as a sphere of spiritual and material possessions that influence the communicative organization of people with specific values and norms of behavior. The role of national culture as a potent factor in the deconfliction of Ukrainians in Ukraine and abroad is underlining. It is known that Ukrainian culture has been leveled for a long time, subjected to censorship bans and ideological pressure, especially during the Soviet period. Our culture has gone through a period of destruction, but now it is a time for national and cultural revival, opportunities for free choice and self-realization of the artist, time for renaissance and development of the ethnocultural heritage of Ukrainians, which is one of the priorities of national revival and preservation. The Ukrainian nation is modernizing, actively creating its cultural space despite the slowdown of the outdated administrative system, economic instability, hybrid warfare, and manifestations of military aggression by Russia. The article examines the peculiarities of the creation of the cultural space of Ukrainians in modern conditions, taking into account the challenges of the globalized world and the threats of the "Russian world". Thanks to the state support and implementation of humanitarian policy programs, the consolidation of Ukrainian societies, and the unification of citizens of Ukraine and Ukrainians in the world around national values and priorities. The core of the unity of Ukrainians is the national idea, the preservation of self-identity, patriotism, and the establishment of the ukrainian nation in the modern world. The emphasis is determined on the fact that national culture has a great potential in establishing Ukraine in the world cultural space and is a consolidating factor in the political unity of society, especially in the current conditions of hybrid warfare and the struggle of Ukrainians against Russian aggression.

THE ARTISTIC IMAGES OF POST-DEATH IN THE POETRY BY JOSEPH BRODSKY AND OLGA SEDAKOVA

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-165
Author(s):  
Pavel E. Spivakovskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
20Th Century Literature ◽  
Joseph Brodsky ◽  
Christian View ◽  
The World ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Century Literature

The article analyzes how Joseph Brodsky and Olga Sedakova depict the posthumous existence of a human. Brodsky holds an agnostic view on the world, tending to a positivism. The poet concentrates on depicting the Homeric horror of the very fact of death and its inevitability. Olga Sedakova tends to the Christian view of the world, taking into account the experience of the catastrophes of the 20th century, literature after Auschwitz. Unlike the traditionalist image of Paradise, Sedakova sees in it not only ‘incredible happiness’, but also an experience of tragedy and compassion, which leads her to a very unconventional form of idyll.

Autonomie und Unheimlichkeit

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Technological Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
Self Learning ◽  
Radical Transformation

Is technological control taking the place of what appeared uncannily uncontrollable? Or is it itself becoming uncanny? Two seemingly contradictory narratives have shaped the history and theory of technology. The narrative of disenchantment describes how nature, experienced as something foreign and dangerous, was tamed by becoming scientific and mechanised. Secondly, the narrative of (re-)enchantment recounts how artefacts and technological possibilities become uncanny, especially by way of their seeming independence and by confronting us with an ‘autonomous’ logic of their own. In today's debates about self-learning, ubiquitous, invisible and opaque technologies, the uncanny moment resonates of a technology with ‘a life of its own’. Following up on the mechanisation and automation discourses of the 20th century, this contributes to the ‘demonisation’ of technology. On the one hand, technology makes the world familiar and comprehensible, e.g. by equating understanding with technical reconstruction. On the other hand, the technical reproduction of the world – or its radical transformation into an alienated one – is experienced as something disturbing. When artefacts appear to do ‘what they want’ or when large technical systems shape the world according to their ‘own logic’, a limit is reached that was already mentioned by Freud – we become uncertain whether we are still living in the modern world at all.

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