scholarly journals Comparison of Scapular Muscles Activation with Shoulder Retraction and Shoulder Elevations in Individuals with Scapular Dyskinesia

2019 ◽  
pp. 658-664
Author(s):  
P. Gautami Easwaran ◽  
Urvashi Sharma ◽  
Tushar J. Palekar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Stability Range ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesia ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Group B

<p><strong>Background: </strong><br /> Scapular dyskinesis is a condition that is commonly associated with shoulder pathology but is also present in asymptomatic individuals, and it is believed to be a risk factor for further injury. Evidence suggests that patients with rotator cuff–related shoulder pain present scapular kinematic abnormalities such as decreased scapular upward rotation, decreased scapular posterior tipping, and external rotation. It has been proposed that abnormal scapular kinematics may be linked to weakness of scapular muscle. <br /> Muscle Activation is a very specific, non-medical, mechanically based process of evaluating and treating muscular imbalance and dysfunction. Its main goal is to increase the contractile capability of your muscles, resulting in increased strength, stability, range of motion, and reduced muscle and joint pain. <br /> The study was conducted to determine whether shoulder elevations and retractions showed any difference in the interscapular distance in indivudals with scapular dyskinesia.<br /><strong>Objectives:</strong></p> <ol> <li>To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder retraction exercise.</li> <li>To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder shrugging exercise.</li> <li>To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder retraction + shrugging exercise.</li> <li>To compare the effectiveness of these exercises on scapular dyskinesia.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Materials and Methodology:</strong><br /> An intervention based study comprising of 30 female individuals. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups, Group A was given combined exercises of shoulder retraction and elevations. Group B was given shoulder retraction and Group C was given shoulder elevations.The samples were assessed pre and post with the help of Interscapular distance.<br /><strong>Results:</strong><br /> Shoulder retractions when given along with shoulder elevations was clinically significant pre and post . Likewise, Shoulder retractions and elevations when given separately were also clinically significant pre and post. The comparison of all the three groups showed that all were equally effective in treating scapular dyskinesia. <br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong><br /> The study concludes that all three forms of exercise showed similar results in reducing the Inter scapular distance in individuals with scapular dyskinesia.</p>

scholarly journals Does Systematic Preliminar Colour Doppler Study Reduce Kidney Biopsy Complication Incidence?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Antonio Granata ◽  
Fulvio Floccari ◽  
Angelo Ferrantelli ◽  
Ugo Rotolo ◽  
Luca Di Lullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Doppler Examination ◽  
Doppler Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Perinephric Hematoma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Biopsy Complications ◽  
Optimal Site

While ultrasonography is widely performed prior to biopsy, colour Doppler examination is often used only to discover post-biopsy complications. Aim of this paper was to evaluate the usefulness of colour Doppler examination in planning the optimal site of puncture for renal biopsy. Present analysis includes 561 consecutive percutaneous renal biopsies performed from the same operator. Until August 2000 332 biopsies were performed after a preliminary ultrasonography (Group A). From September 2000, 229 patients underwent even a preliminary colour Doppler study (Group B). Postbioptic bleeding were categorized as minor (gross hematuria or subcapsular perinephric hematoma < 4 cmq of greater diameter) or major (hematoma >4 cmq of greater diameter; requiring blood transfusion or invasive procedures; leading to acute renal failure, urine tract obstruction, septicaemia, or death). Major complications were seen in 2.1% in Group A while in Group B only one case was reported (0.43%). Minor clinically significant complications occur in 7.8% in Group A and in 3.4% of cases of Group B. Colour Doppler reduced drastically the incidence of complications observed before the introduction of routine colour Doppler examination prior to biopsy. In our opinion, these data support the use of preliminary colour Doppler study when a biopsy is planned.

Effect of selective beta-blockade with bisoprolol in the treatment of recent-onset atrial fibrillation

Folia Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria N. Negreva ◽  
Atanas P. Penev
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group B ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation

ABSTRACT The incidence of atrial fibrillation has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The increased tonus of the sympathetic nervous system is related to the development of atrial fibrillation. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of bisoprolol, a highly selective beta-blocker, on patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation (< 48 hours) for regularization of the rhythm using propafenone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study includes 164 patients (81 women, 83 men, age 59.09 ± 10.81) with successfully restored sinus rhythm in recent-onset atrial fibrillation. The patients received either propafenone (group A, n = 82) or a combination of propafenone and bisoprolol (group B, n = 82). The studied patients were randomly allocated to the groups. Propafenone was administered intravenously as a 2 mg/kg bolus followed by infusion of 0.0078 mg/kg/min for 120 min and orally in dosage of 300 mg three times every 8 hours if arrhythmia persisted. Bisoprolol was administered in a single dose at the very beginning of propafenone treatment and only in patients from group B at a dose of 5 or 10 mg. Regularization of the rhythm was assessed at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 24th hour. RESULTS: In the initial stages of regularization the combined therapy restored the sinus rhythm in a greater number of patients in comparison with the monotherapy (at the 6th hour 67.07% in group B versus 48.78% in group A, P < 0.05; at the 12th hour it was 87.80% versus 75.60%, respectively, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Early regularization of rhythm in patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation reduces the likelihood of recurrent episodes of arrhythmia. This makes the application of selective beta-blockade clinically significant.

scholarly journals Effect of Germanium-Embedded Knee Sleeve on Osteoarthritis of the Knee

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 232596711987912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Marino ◽  
Rachel Lee ◽  
Paul Lee
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Oxford Knee Score ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group B

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) affects an estimated 1 in 5 individuals older than 45 years of age in the United Kingdom. Previous studies have suggested that germanium-infused garments may provide improved clinical outcomes in OA. Germanium-embedded (GE) knee sleeves embrace this fabric technology. Purpose: To assess the outcomes of GE knee sleeves for patients with knee OA. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This study was undertaken at a hospital in the United Kingdom. Patients who had radiographic features of OA, experienced knee pain for at least 6 months, and opted for nonsurgical intervention were included. Patients were recruited over 3 months. The University of California, Los Angeles activity score, Lysholm score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) were collected at monthly intervals for 6 months. Patients were followed to determine their compliance with wearing the knee sleeves at all times, as advised, and whether any adverse effects had occurred. Results: A total of 50 participants were recruited for the study; 4 participants were excluded due to pain and were converted to surgical management. Therefore, 46 patients were analyzed and placed into 2 groups according to severity of OA, as classified by the Kellgren-Lawrence system: group A had grade 1 or 2 OA, and group B had grade 3 or 4 OA. There were 25 patients in group A and 21 in group B. Improvements were seen in OKS, VAS, and Lysholm scores in both groups. Clinically significant improvements were seen in group A only for OKS (mean increase, 14), VAS (mean decrease, 4.1), and Lysholm (mean increase, 17.2) scores. These results were also statistically significant (OKS, P = 5.8 × 10-7; VAS, P = 7.7 × 10-12; Lysholm, P = 4.2 × 10-11). The data from this study demonstrated that GE knee sleeves gave better outcomes for patients with grades 1 and 2 OA compared with patients with more advanced disease, which is consistent with previous studies. A total of 3 patients reported skin irritation, which resolved with simple skin ointment application. No patients reported infection, deep vein thrombosis, or circulation problems. Conclusion: GE knee sleeves could play an important role in optimizing nonsurgical management of patients with knee OA, especially patients with grades 1 and 2 OA, as demonstrated by the clinically significant improvements.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Audit of Clinically Significant Maternal Bacteraemia in a Specialist Maternity Hospital from 2001 to 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard John Drew ◽  
Zara Fonseca-Kelly ◽  
Maeve Eogan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group B

Maternal sepsis is a significant problem in obstetrics, with almost one in four maternal deaths related to severe sepsis. We carried out a retrospective review of clinically significant bacteraemia in obstetric patients attending Rotunda Hospital over 14 years. From 2001 to 2014, there were 252 clinically significant positive blood culture episodes in obstetric patients. There were 112,361 live births >500 g during the study period giving an overall rate of 2.24 clinically significant positive maternal blood culture episodes per 1000 live births >500 g. The median rate over the 14 years was 2.12 episodes per 1000 live births >500 g, with an interquartile range of 1.74–2.43 per 1000 live births >500 g. There was no discernable increasing or decreasing trend over the 14 years.E. coliwas the most commonly isolated organism (n= 92/252, 37%), followed by group BStreptococcus(n= 64/252, 25%),Staphylococcus aureus(n= 28/252, 11%), and anaerobes (n= 11/252, 4%). These top four organisms represented three-quarters of all positive blood culture episodes (n= 195/252, 77.3%). Of note, there were only five cases of listeriosis, representing a rate of 4.4 cases per 100,000 live births >500 g. The rate of invasive group A streptococcal infection was also very low at 5.3 cases per 100,000 live births >500 g.

scholarly journals A comparative trial between the therapeutic efficacy of topical 2% sertaconazole cream and 1% terbinafine cream in the treatment of tinea cruris/tinea corporis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Sumyuktha J. ◽  
Murali Narasimhan ◽  
Parveen Basher Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Tinea Cruris ◽  
Complete Cure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cure Rates

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin infections caused by dermatophyte fungi account for 6% of dermatology consultations at our hospital and 3 to 4% worldwide. A variety of antifungal agents are available for topical use. Terbinafine 1% cream is considered the first line topical medication in the treatment of dermatophytosis. Sertaconazole 2% cream is a relatively new drug having antifungal as well as antiflammatory property. In this prospective study we sought to compare the safety and efficacy of topical 2% Sertaconazole and 1% Terbinafine creams in the treatment of localized tinea cruris and/or tinea corporis<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, 80 patients were randomized into two groups of 40 each. Group A received 2% Sertaconazole cream while group B received Terbinafine 1% cream topical application twice daily for 4 weeks. Patients were followed up at the end of 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> weeks for clinical, mycological (KOH mount and fungal culture) and complete cure (both clinical and mycological).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the patients studied was 27.97 years. Complete cure was achieved in 59.5% and 80% in group A and 71.4% and 90.9% in group B at the end of 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> weeks respectively. Significant P values were observed if the results were compared within the group, between baseline and 2 weeks, baseline and 4<sup>th</sup> week and also 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> week. Clinically significant side effects were not observed in both the groups<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Although higher cure rates were observed in the Terbinafine treated group, the results were not statistically significant. It can be concluded from our study that Sertaconazole 2% cream is similar in efficacy to Terbinafine 1% cream in the treatment of localized tinea cruris and corporis<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Immune Response of Individuals Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Patients with Active Tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Mara Pinto Dabés Guimarães ◽  
Vicente de Paulo Coelho Peixoto de Toledo ◽  
Mery Natali Abreu ◽  
Nayanne Gama Teixeira Dantas ◽  
Silvana Spíndola de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Chest ◽  
Proliferative Assay ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cellular Immune

This study reports the association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the immune response to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Three groups were analyzed: (a) symptomatic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), HIV-negative; (b) healthy individuals, tuberculin skin test reactive (TST+); (c) asymptomatic individuals, TST nonreactive (TST−). Groups B and C presented a negative bacilloscopic smear, normal chest radiographs, and negative HIV. The ELISA was used for IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α, and IgG quantification and lymph proliferative assay (LPA) to evaluate the cellular immune response. IgG and LPA increased in all study groups as well as IFN-γ and TNF-α, but IL-10 remained low in all study groups. There was an association between LPA and IFN-γ in group B. It was demonstrated an association between IgG and IL-10 and between IFN-γ and IL-10 in group A. There were direct and significant correlations between LPA and IgG, TNF-α and IFN-γ, IL-10 and IgG, and between IL-10 and IFN-γ, but an inverse relationship was observed between IFN-γ and LPA.

scholarly journals Comparison of below knee cast and elasticated support bandage treatment foe an isolated fracture of the lateral malleolus

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Rajram Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Lateral Malleolus ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Rotation Stage ◽  
Supination External Rotation

Introduction: Ankle fractures are the most common type of fractures treated in orthopaedics with isolated malleolar fractures, accounting for two-thirds of fractures. The most common injury mechanism is supination external rotation, which accounts for the majority of all ankle fracture patterns. Supination external rotation stage II is the classic short oblique fracture of the distal fibula without a medial side injury, which responds well to non-operative treatment as it is a stable fracture. The purpose of this study is to compare efficacy of elasticated support bandage versus plaster cast in the patient with isolated lateral malleolus fracture (Lauge-Hansen supination- eversion external stage II.)Method: A prospective comparative study was carried out in the Department of Orthopaedics in Bir Hospital from February 2007 to January 2009. Patients with ankle fracture were initially treated by below knee posterior slab for seven days to allow the swelling to subside and on seventh day follow-up they were grouped in two groups. Group A were patients with below knee cast and Group B were elasticated support bandage. Both groups were followed-up in the 5th week for cast or elasticated bandage removal and were evaluated after a week, thereafter, every monthly for 3 months and finally at 6 month.Result: Of the 48 cases enrolled, the mean age of the patients was 38.85 years. The common mode of injury was fall from height followed by road traffic accident. The modified subjective ankle score of Olerud and Molander (1984) was found more in group B in comparison to group A in all follow ups. In initial three successive follow ups at 6 week, 12 week and at 3 month subjective score was found statistically significant (p> 0.05) however, it was not significant at 6 month follow up. The range of motion was significantly improved in group B in all follow ups but the difference between the two groups at 6 weeks and 10 weeks follow ups was statistically significant. Immobilized group required less analgesic but the difference was not significant statistically.Conclusion: Both below knee cast and elasticated support bandage treatment methods are safe, satisfactory and equally effective with a better early result in elasticated support bandage. Supination External Rotation stage II type fracture can be treated conservatively, if there is no medial tenderness.Journal of Society of Surgeons of NepalVol. 17, No. 2, 2014, Page: 7-11

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF SUCCESS RATE BETWEEN EXTERNAL ROTATION METHOD AND MILCH METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF ACUTE ANTERIOR DISLOCATION OF SHOULDER JOINT

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Naveed Ali Shair ◽  
Aftab Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Usman Nazir Gill ◽  
Shiraz Malik
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Anterior Dislocation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rotation Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Acute Anterior Dislocation

Objective: To compare External Rotation Method with Milch method for reduction of acute anterior dislocation of shoulder joint. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Services Hospital Lahore, from May 2016  to December 2016. Materials and Methods: 110 patients of acute anterior dislocation of shoulder joint were randomly distributed into two groups. Reduction of shoulder joint was achieved with External Rotation Method in Group A while Milch method was employed in Group B and there outcomes were compared. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS for windows (version 21). P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Result: Statistical difference between success rate of External Rotation (72.7%) and Milch Method (74.5%), was insignificant (p=0.828) Conclusion: Though external rotation method is easy to perform, both methods can be used in reduction of acute anterior dislocation of shoulder joint.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE DIABETIC FROZEN SHOULDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 944-954
Author(s):  
Niraj Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Group A ◽  
Shoulder Syndrome ◽  
Shoulder Condition ◽  
Group B

The term frozen shoulder was first introduced by Codman in 1934. He described a painful shoulder condition of insidious onset that was associated with stiffness and difficulty sleeping on the affected side. Codman also identified the marked reduction in forward elevation and external rotation that are the hallmarks of the disease. Long before Codman, in 1872, the same condition had already been labelled periarthritis by Duplay. In 1945, Naviesar coined the term adhesive capsulitis. [2] The pathophysiology of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) is poorly understood. Most authors have reported various degrees of inflammatory changes in the synovial membrane. Adhesions between the shoulder capsule and the humeral head have been noted by some, but not all, authors. [4] The aetiology of periarthritis of the shoulder, however, is not clearly understood. Amongst the factors suggested are trauma myocardial infarction hemiplegia, pulmonary tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis, cerebral tumour, and epilepsy. [7] Subjects with Frozen Shoulder Syndrome group A treated with ERM and MWM and group B treated with MRM. The duration of each treatment was 3 weeks. There was an improvement in mobility and functional ability at 12 weeks in subjects treated with the 3 mobilization techniques. Comparing the effectiveness of the 3 treatment strategies in subjects with unilateral Frozen Shoulder Syndrome, ERM and MWM were more effective than MRM in increasing mobility and functional ability. [22].

scholarly journals Role of Phonophoresis in Management of Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Sunam Kumar Barua ◽  
Sohely Rahman ◽  
Prashanta Kumar Chakrabarti ◽  
Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This prospective study was performed in the department of Physical Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka for a period of 6 months to see the effect of phonophoresis (Ultrasound therapy with Naproxen gel) on adhesive capsulitis. During this period 240 (4% of total patients) patients were diagnosed as adhesive capsulitis of shoulder in outpatient department, Physical Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Sixty patients were selected for the study and divided them into two groups. In group A, patients were treated with phonophoresis and exercises in contrast with group B patients who were treated with same exercises without phonophoresis for same duration. Patients in both groups were followed up weekly for consecutive six weeks. The mean age of the patients in this study was 51.73 ± 10.01 year, with a range of 35 to 70 years. Out of sixty patients 31 (51.7%) were male and 29 (48.3%) were female. The male: female ratio was 1.07: 1. Among 60 patients, 27 (45%) were housewives, 20 (33.3%) service holders (official job), 4 (6.7%) businessmen, 1 (1.7%) teacher and 8 (13.3%) retired persons. In this study 53.3% patients had right shoulder involvement and rest of them (46.7%) had left sided involvement. Pain was improved just after initiation of treatment and it was completely alleviated in group A patients after 6th week, on the contrary although pain was increased after 1st week of treatment thereafter it was gradually decreased but it was not completely alleviated in group B patients at the end of the study. All sorts of range of motions (abduction, internal rotation on abduction, external rotation on abduction) of affected shoulder were improved more rapidly in group A compared to group B patients. Shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) were significantly reduced in group A compared to group B patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i2.21057

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document