scholarly journals Synthesis of Gadolinium Nanoparticles as a CT-Scan Contrast Agent with Pulse Laser Ablation Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 807-811
Author(s):  
Adilla Luthfia ◽  
Iis Nurhasah ◽  
Ali Khumaeni
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Ablation Process ◽  
Laser Ablation Method ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Molecular Contrast

The use of iodine contrast agents on CT Scan clinically shows a short-term blood circulation, non-specific biodistribution and causes side effects on kidneys. Nanoparticles have a longer half-time vascular than molecular contrast agents so it can be observed for a longer time after injection. Gadolinium (Z = 64) has a higher atomic number and X-ray absorbance coefficient than iodine (Z = 53) and does not have the negative effect on kidneys. The Gd nanoparticles development as a CT Scan contrast agent has potential to give more effectiveness than iodine contrast agents. In this study, Gd nanoparticles were synthesized using pulsed laser ablation method with wavelength 1064 nm, energy 45 mJ, and pulse width 7 ns. The ablation process was carried out for 180 minutes with repetition rate of 10 Hz and 15 Hz. The formation of Gd Nanoparticles was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Testing the ability of Gd nanoparticles as a contrast agent was done in the diagnosis of head and abdomen using a CT Scan GE CT Optima 580 RT type 229156-3. UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis showed that Gd nanoparticles had high absorbance at the wavelength less than 250 nm which indicated the formation of Gd2(OH)3 compounds. The repetition rate difference in ablation process resulted in the same concentration of Gd nanoparticles with different contrasts. Repetition rate of 10 Hz produced Gd nanoparticles with HU greater than repetition rate of 15 Hz and closer to HU of iodine. The results indicate that Gd nanoparticles can be used as a CT Scan contrast agent.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Penyangatan Senyawa Pengontras Nano Partikel Emas Dendrimer Poly (Amidoamine) Konsentrasi dan Delay Time Berbeda pada Hepar Tikus dengan Pemeriksaan Computed Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Indrarini Listyowati ◽  
Rista D Soetikno ◽  
Leni Santiana
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Targeted Contrast Agents

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is one of the diagnostic imaging tool that is most commonly available in hospitals today. But unlike Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and nuclear medicine imaging modalities, CT has not been considered as a molecular imaging modality because it does not have a specifc-targeted contrast agents. Diagnostic quality of CT scans can be improved by using specifc-targeted contrast agents. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used as X-ray contrast agents that can overcome some of the limitations of the iodine-based contrast agents. Higher atomic numbers than iodine and its ability to be able to bind to the dendrimer support that AuNPS could be developed as a specifc-targeted contrast agents.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the enhancement relationship of AuNPs-Poly(amido)amine in the rat liver with di?erent concentration and delay time on CT scans.Materials and Methods: This research is an experimental study with a statistical analysis to determine enhancement di?erences on rat liver given AuNPs-PAMAM with di?erent concentration and delay time. The samples were divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 6 rats. The independent variables in this study were the delay time and the concentration of AuNPs-PAMAM, the dependent variables was the enhancement on rat liver.Results: The results obtained showed that the average value enhancement of AuNPs-PAMAM is highest in 10 minutes delay time at a concentration of 1 mg/dL. Statistical analysis showed that there were signifcant di?erences between AuNPs-PAMAM contrast enhancement in the rat liver with di?erent concentration and delay time on CT scan with p-value less than alpha (0.000 <0.05).Conclusions: Concentration and delay time contribute to the average value enhancement of AuNPs-PAMAM contrast agent on CT scan. This new type of contrast agent can be further developed as a more specifc-targeted contrast agent for CT scan examination.

scholarly journals The Influence of Laser Ablation Parameters on the Holes Structure of Laser Manufactured Graphene Paper Microsieves

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1568
Author(s):  
Barbara Nasiłowska ◽  
Zdzisław Bogdanowicz ◽  
Antoni Sarzyński ◽  
Wojciech Skrzeczanowski ◽  
Małgorzata Djas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Pulse Energy ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Laser Ablation Method ◽  
Graphene Paper ◽  
The Impact

The graphene paper microsieves can be applied in the filtration of biological fluids or separation of solid particles from exploitation fluids. To produce graphene paper microsieves for specific applications, good control over fabrication should be achieved. In this study, a laser ablation method using a picosecond laser was applied to fabricate graphene paper microsieves. Holes in the microsieves were drilled using pulsed laser radiation with a pulse energy from 5 to 100 µJ, a duration of 60 ps, a wavelength of 355 nm, and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The impact method was applied using 10 to 100 pulses to drill one hole. To produce holes of a proper diameter which could separate biological particles of a certain size (≥10 µm), optimum parameters of graphene paper laser ablation were defined using the MATLAB software taking into account laser pulse energy, repetition rate, and a desired hole diameter. A series of structural tests were carried out to determine the quality of an edge and a hole shape. Experimental results and Laguerre–Gauss calculations in MATLAB were then compared to perform the analysis of the distribution of diffraction fringes. Optimum experimental parameters were determined for which good susceptibility of the graphene paper to laser processing was observed.

scholarly journals Cucurbit[6]uril is an ultrasensitive129Xe NMR contrast agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (43) ◽  
pp. 8982-8985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Wang ◽  
Ivan J. Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Nmr Methods ◽  
Molecular Contrast ◽  
Nmr Contrast Agent

A lack of molecular contrast agents has slowed the application of ultrasensitive hyperpolarized129Xe NMR methods.

scholarly journals Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) Photocatalyst using Pulse Laser Ablation Method for Antibacterial in Water Polluted

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Fatkhiyatus Saadah ◽  
Rizka Zakiyatul Miskiyah ◽  
Ali Khumaeni
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Pulse Laser Ablation ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Laser Ablation Method

Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by pulse laser ablation method has been successed carried out. Synthesis was carried out in aquades medium with a repetition rate variation of 5 Hz, 10 Hz and 15 Hz pulse laser yielding brown colloids. The higher laser repetition rate, the colloidal color will be more dark brown. Characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles includes UV-Vis, SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD. The image of SEM shows that zinc oxide nanoparticles have a round shape. Measurement of particle distribution with imageJ software from SEM images showed that ZnO nanoparticles were 23.63 nm, 12.13 nm and 5.59 nm for 5 Hz, 10 Hz and 15 Hz shots. The EDX spectrum analysis results show that only Zn and O atoms in the ZnO nanoparticles colloid are synthesized. FTIR results showed that sprocket ZnO was formed at wave number 457 cm-1 and 545 cm-1. The XRD analysis results also show some peaks known as the ZnO phase. This indicates that ZnO nanoparticles have been formed. The testing of the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles using a liquid dilution method with nanoparticle concentrations of 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. The test results showed the percentage of degradation of Escherichia coli bacteria at concentrations of 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm respectively at 89.60%, 97.76% and 98, 70%.

Detection and Characterization of an Electrical Failure Induced during Laser Ablation of Packages

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schwindenhammer ◽  
H. Murray ◽  
P. Descamps ◽  
P. Poirier
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Ablation Process ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Electrical Failure ◽  
Electrical Phenomenon ◽  
Semiconductor Packages ◽  
Complex Semiconductor

Abstract Decapsulation of complex semiconductor packages for failure analysis is enhanced by laser ablation. If lasers are potentially dangerous for Integrated Circuits (IC) surface they also generate a thermal elevation of the package during the ablation process. During measurement of this temperature it was observed another and unexpected electrical phenomenon in the IC induced by laser. It is demonstrated that this new phenomenon is not thermally induced and occurs under certain ablation conditions.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance thermometry using a GdIII-based contrast agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 1770-1773
Author(s):  
S. A. Amali S. Subasinghe ◽  
Jonathan Romero ◽  
Cassandra L. Ward ◽  
Matthew D. Bailey ◽  
Donna R. Zehner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Thermometry

The complexes described here serve as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging thermometry.

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