scholarly journals Role of Legislation and State Policy in Minimizing the Impact of Threats to Environmental Safety in the Automobile Transport Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
I. V. Bryhadyr ◽  
I. V. Panova
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
The Impact

The role of legislation and state policy in minimizing the impact of threats to environmental safety in the field of automobile transport has been studied. The main directions of the development of state policy and legislation in the field of reducing the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment and public health have been defined. The main problems of reducing the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment and public health, as well as the development of state and legal mechanisms to overcome them have been determined. The main environmental problems faced by governments are the use of internal combustion engines and fuel quality indicators. Many EU countries are refusing to further impose more strict requirements on the operation of motor fuel engines, instead introducing mechanisms to completely abandon such vehicle propulsion systems. However, such a refusal raises another problem of greening of road transport – the problem of electrification of transport, in the process of which it is necessary to solve the problems of transport energy and disposal of used batteries of electric vehicles. The authors have emphasized on inexpediency that to be limited in the long run only to mechanisms for setting more strict emission requirements for cars. The authors have indicated the need for a comprehensive approach to solving environmental problems to prevent the emergence of new significant difficulties – the accumulation of used batteries of electric cars, the depletion of non-renewable resources for their manufacture, etc. It has been offered to join Ukraine to the pan-European initiative of electrification of road transport, to develop the state program for the transformation of the motor transport industry with clear deadlines for the introduction of restrictions on the use of internal combustion engines, to introduce mechanisms to financially stimulate the transition from internal combustion engines to electric combustion engines.

THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY STANDARDS OF MOTOR VEHICLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-703
Author(s):  
Просянкин ◽  
S. Prosyankin ◽  
Красникова ◽  
D. Krasnikova ◽  
Феклин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Safety Standards

The article describes the standards of environmental safety of motor vehicles ´Euro´, alternative fuels, prospects of development of automobile industry in the coming years. In addition, the author acquaints the reader with the upcoming changes in the design of internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact of ICE Vehicles and Battery Electric Vehicles: Comparison and Assessment of Impact Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
V. V. Gaevskiy ◽  
I. V. Odinokova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Continue Research

In 2017 the number of motor vehicles, being in operation in the world, exceeded 1,5 billion units. Motorization has caused serious problems for safety of the environment, life and health of humans.This article discusses various factors of impact of motorisation and automobilisation on the environment.Until recently, harmful emissions from vehicles have been considered as the main significant factor in environmental pollution. Due to implementation of the technical policy for implementation of EURO environmental standards, the «center of gravity» in the problems of improving the environmental safety of vehicles is moving towards minimising the heat entering the environment after being emitted by motor vehicles engines. The greatest practical interest is associated with the recovery of energy spent on traction, as the recovery increases the energy efficiency of road transport while reducing the negative impact on the environment.A comparative assessment of cars with internal combustion engines and battery electric vehicles showed that the overall negative impact of comparable vehicles on the environment currently differs slightly.It is necessary to continue research and development in the field of energy recovery problems.

APPLICATION OF HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE EUROPEAN STANDARDS IN THE OPERATION OF MOTOR TRANSPORT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Kozyk ◽  
◽  
Oleksandra Mrykhina ◽  
Taras Danylovych ◽  
Iryna Stetsiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies ◽  
European Standards

It has been established that emissions and wastes from the operation of motor transport are one of the most common sources of air pollution and ecological imbalance. Despite the significant number of documents on the greening of motor transport in Europe and the world, the need to reduce the negative impact of cars remains open. A possible solution to this problem is the use of hydrogen as a fuel and as a cleaner for internal combustion engines. The expediency and efficiency of the application of hydrogen technologies to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, soot and other compounds by internal combustion engines of road transport are substantiated. The possibility of application of hydrogen technologies for domestic motor transport to ensure European standards of its operation is determined. The experience of developing an innovative system of hydrogen purification of internal combustion engines with a long period of operation, proposed by the specialists of the Science Park of the Lviv Polytechnic National University "SID Sity" (Lviv) is analyzed. The proposed development provides improved technical parameters and is cheaper to operate compared to foreign counterparts. The proposed hydrogen purification system can meet European standards of environmental requirements.

Measures to improve environmental safety of vehicle transport. Part 1

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

To a large extent, road transport is responsible for air pollution. Emissions of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines are not only toxic, poisoning all biological organisms, but also create a greenhouse effect, contributing to the process of global warming. The elimination of these extremely undesirable phenomena is ensured by improving the environmental safety of road transport, which is implemented in various ways, including improving the combustion process of the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. Keywords automotive wheeled vehicles, fuel energy, internal combustion engines, environmental safety

scholarly journals Study of properties of nonwoven filter cartridges for the intake air of a car engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Dziubak ◽  
Mateusz Borchet
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Filtration Flow ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
The Impact

The sources of atmospheric air pollution are presented. It has been shown that dust is a major component of the intake air of internal combustion engines. The impact of dust on the accelerated wear of the engine components and the influence of T-P-C system wear on engine operation were analysed. The parameters of the air filters are described and defined. The properties of nonwovens and papers, of which filters used in the filtration intake air internal combustion engines of motor vehicles are made, were analysed. Conditions and methodology for testing nonwoven air filter cartridge for passenger cars were developed. A research desk with a particle counter was presented. The results of the study on efficiency characteristics, filtration accuracy and flow resistance for three different filtration rates (three nonwoven cartridges) were presented. There were much smaller levels of efficiency (φw = 92÷98%) and accuracy for nonwoven filter contribution in comparison with paper ones (φw = 95.5÷99.9%). There were observed higher values of the absorbency factor km for nonwoven cartridge (km = 1000÷1300 g/m2) in relation to the paper cartridge (km = 190÷220 g/m2). Keywords: engine, air filter, nonwoven contribution, efficiency and accuracy of filtration, flow resistance, coefficient of dust absorbency, grain size

scholarly journals Enhancing the Geometrical Performance Using Initially Conical Cylinder Liner in Internal Combustion Engines—A Numerical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3705
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alshwawra ◽  
Florian Pohlmann-Tasche ◽  
Frederik Stelljes ◽  
Friedrich Dinkelacker
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cold State ◽  
The Impact

Reducing friction is an important aspect to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines (ICE). The majority of frictional losses in engines are related to both the piston skirt and piston ring–cylinder liner (PRCL) arrangement. We studied the enhancement of the conformation of the PRCL arrangement based on the assumption that a suitable conical liner in its cold state may deform into a liner with nearly straight parallel walls in the fired state due to the impact of mechanical and thermal stresses. Combining the initially conical shape with a noncircular cross section will bring the liner even closer to the perfect cylindrical shape in the fired state. Hence, a significant friction reduction can be expected. For the investigation, the numerical method was first developed to simulate the liner deformation with advanced finite element methods. This was validated with given experimental data of the deformation for a gasoline engine in its fired state. In the next step, initially conically and/or elliptically shaped liners were investigated for their deformation between the cold and fired state. It was found that, for liners being both conical and elliptical in their cold state, a significant increase of straightness, parallelism, and roundness was reached in the fired state. The combined elliptical-conical liner led to a reduced straightness error by more than 50% compared to the cylindrical liner. The parallelism error was reduced by 60% to 70% and the roundness error was reduced between 70% and 80% at different liner positions. These numerical results show interesting potential for the friction reduction in the piston-liner arrangement within internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals The Impact of Powering an Engine with Fuels from Renewable Energy Sources including its Software Modification on a Drive Unit Performance Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markiewicz ◽  
Muślewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The Impact

The application of fuels from renewable energy sources for combustion engine powering involves a great demand for this kind of energy while its production infrastructure remains underdeveloped. The use of this kind of fuel is supposed to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and the depletion of natural resources and to increase the share of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption and thus support sustainable development in Europe. This study presents the results of research on selected performance parameters of transport by internal combustion engines including: power, torque, the emission of sound generated by the engine, the content of exhaust components (oxygen O2, carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen dioxide NO2), and the content of particulate matter (PM) in exhaust emission. Three self-ignition engines were tested. The fuel injection controllers of the tested internal combustion engines were additionally adjusted by increasing the fuel dose and the load of air. The material used in the tests were mixtures of diesel oil and fatty acid methyl esters of different concentration. A statistical analysis was performed based of the results. The purpose of the work was to develop a resulting model for assessing the operation of engines fueled with biofuel and diesel mixtures while changing the vehicle's computer software. A computer simulation algorithm was also developed for the needs of the tests which was used to prognose the state of the test results for variable input parameters.

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