scholarly journals Aligning carbon nanotubes via aerosol jet printing for flexible electronics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Guo Liang Goh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Development of Process-Recipes for Multi-Layer Circuitry Printing With Z-Axis Interconnects Using Aerosol-Jet Nanoparticle Ink

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Lall ◽  
Jinesh Narangaparambil ◽  
Ved Soni ◽  
Scott Miller
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Abstract Flexible electronics is a rapid emerging trend in consumer-electronics with ever-increasing applications showing feasibility of functionality with flexibility. Aerosol Jet printing technology has gained rapid acceptance for additive printing owing to non-contact deposition and ability to print on non-planar surfaces. Prior work on aerosol-jet print processes primarily focuses on single-layer printing, taking into account different parameters such as mass flow, line width, sintering conditions, and overspray. Flexible PCBs in complex applications are envisioned to be multi-layered, involving stacking of interconnections and connection between successive layers through use of z-axis connections. Aerosol-jet printing method allows the printing of interconnections with a number of inks including silver, copper, and carbon with fine lines and spaces in neighborhood of 10μm. Process recipes for manufacturing multilayer circuits and system scale-up methods are required. The objective of the paper is to establish process-recipes for z-axis interconnects and quantify process variability with Aerosol-jet print process needed for high volume scale-up. Conductive interconnects have been printed using the ultrasonic atomizer and the interlayer dielectrics have been printed using the pneumatic atomizer. The effect of thermal sintering on the performance of the printed circuits has been quantified through measurements of interconnect resistance and shear load to failure. This paper explores the printing of multi-layer upto 8 conductive layers. Sintering profile for lower resistance per unit length and higher shear load to failure was tested.

Aerosol-Jet Printing of Polymer-Sorted (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes for Field-Effect Transistors with High Reproducibility

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1700080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Rother ◽  
Maximilian Brohmann ◽  
Shuyi Yang ◽  
Stefan B. Grimm ◽  
Stefan P. Schießl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
High Reproducibility ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

A State-of-the-Art Review on Aerosol Jet Printing (AJP) Additive Manufacturing Process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Ross Salary ◽  
Jack P. Lombardi ◽  
Darshana L. Weerawarne ◽  
Prahalad K. Rao ◽  
Mark D. Poliks
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Abstract The goal of this work is to forward a comprehensive framework, relating to the most recent research works carried out in the area of flexible and hybrid electronics (FHE) fabrication with the aid of aerosol jet printing (AJP) additive manufacturing process. In pursuit of this goal, the objective is to review and classify a wide range of articles, published recently, concerning various aspects of AJP-based device fabrication, such as material synthesis, process monitoring, and control. AJP has recently emerged as the technique of choice for integration as well as fabrication of a broad spectrum of electronic components and devices, e.g., interconnects, sensors, transistors, optical waveguides, quantum dot arrays, photodetectors, and circuits. This is preeminently because of advantages engendered by AJP process. AJP not only allows for high-resolution deposition of microstructures, but also accommodates a wide renege of ink viscosity. However, AJP is intrinsically complex and prone to gradual drifts of the process output (stemming from ink chemistry and formulation). Consequently, a large number of research works in the literature has focused on in situ process characterization, real-time monitoring, and closed-loop control with the aim to make AJP a rapid, reliable, and robust additive manufacturing method for the manufacture of flexible and hybrid electronic devices. It is expected that the market for flexible electronics will be worth over $50 billion by 2020 [1].

Aerosol jet printing of PEDOT:PSS for large area flexible electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 014005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Tarabella ◽  
Davide Vurro ◽  
Stefano Lai ◽  
Pasquale D’Angelo ◽  
Luca Ascari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

A knowledge transfer framework to support rapid process modeling in aerosol jet printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 101264
Author(s):  
Haining Zhang ◽  
Joon Phil Choi ◽  
Seung Ki Moon ◽  
Teck Hui Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Rapid Process ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

scholarly journals Electrically Conductive Networks from Hybrids of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Created by Laser Radiation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1875
Author(s):  
Alexander Yu. Gerasimenko ◽  
Artem V. Kuksin ◽  
Yury P. Shaman ◽  
Evgeny P. Kitsyuk ◽  
Yulia O. Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

A technology for the formation of electrically conductive nanostructures from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and their hybrids with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on Si substrate has been developed. Under the action of single pulses of laser irradiation, nanowelding of SWCNT and MWCNT nanotubes with graphene sheets was obtained. Dependences of electromagnetic wave absorption by films of short and long nanotubes with subnanometer and nanometer diameters on wavelength are calculated. It was determined from dependences that absorption maxima of various types of nanotubes are in the wavelength region of about 266 nm. It was found that contact between nanotube and graphene was formed in time up to 400 fs. Formation of networks of SWCNT/MWCNT and their hybrids with rGO at threshold energy densities of 0.3/0.5 J/cm2 is shown. With an increase in energy density above the threshold value, formation of amorphous carbon nanoinclusions on the surface of nanotubes was demonstrated. For all films, except the MWCNT film, an increase in defectiveness after laser irradiation was obtained, which is associated with appearance of C–C bonds with neighboring nanotubes or graphene sheets. CNTs played the role of bridges connecting graphene sheets. Laser-synthesized hybrid nanostructures demonstrated the highest hardness compared to pure nanotubes. Maximum hardness (52.7 GPa) was obtained for MWCNT/rGO topology. Regularity of an increase in electrical conductivity of nanostructures after laser irradiation has been established for films made of all nanomaterials. Hybrid structures of nanotubes and graphene sheets have the highest electrical conductivity compared to networks of pure nanotubes. Maximum electrical conductivity was obtained for MWCNT/rGO hybrid structure (~22.6 kS/m). Networks of nanotubes and CNT/rGO hybrids can be used to form strong electrically conductive interconnections in nanoelectronics, as well as to create components for flexible electronics and bioelectronics, including intelligent wearable devices (IWDs).

scholarly journals Synthesis of Printable Polyvinyl Alcohol for Aerosol Jet and Inkjet Printing Technology

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Akter Monne ◽  
Chandan Qumar Howlader ◽  
Bhagyashree Mishra ◽  
Maggie Yihong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Excellent Candidate ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Inkjet Printing Technology ◽  
Transistor Fabrication ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a promising polymer due to its high solubility with water, availability in low molecular weight, having short polymer chain, and cost-effectiveness in processing. Printed technology is gaining popularity to utilize processible solution materials at low/room temperature. This work demonstrates the synthesis of PVA solution for 2.5% w/w, 4.5% w/w, 6.5% w/w, 8.5% w/w and 10.5% w/w aqueous solution was formulated. Then the properties of the ink, such as viscosity, contact angle, surface tension, and printability by inkjet and aerosol jet printing, were investigated. The wettability of the ink was investigated on flexible (Kapton) and non-flexible (Silicon) substrates. Both were identified as suitable substrates for all concentrations of PVA. Additionally, we have shown aerosol jet printing (AJP) and inkjet printing (IJP) can produce multi-layer PVA structures. Finally, we have demonstrated the use of PVA as sacrificial material for micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) device fabrication. The dielectric constant of printed PVA is 168 at 100 kHz, which shows an excellent candidate material for printed or traditional transistor fabrication.

Considerations of Aerosol-Jet Printing for the Fabrication of Printed Hybrid Electronic Circuits

2021 ◽  
pp. 102325
Author(s):  
D.R. Hines ◽  
Y. Gu ◽  
A.A. Martin ◽  
P. Li ◽  
J. Fleischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Online Monitoring of Functional Electrical Properties in Aerosol Jet Printing Additive Manufacturing Process Using Shape-From-Shading Image Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh (Ross) Salary ◽  
Jack P. Lombardi ◽  
Prahalad K. Rao ◽  
Mark D. Poliks
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Shape From Shading ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing ◽  
Line Resistance

The goal of this research is online monitoring of functional electrical properties, e.g., resistance, of electronic devices made using aerosol jet printing (AJP) additive manufacturing (AM) process. In pursuit of this goal, the objective is to recover the cross-sectional profile of AJP-deposited electronic traces (called lines) through shape-from-shading (SfS) analysis of their online images. The aim is to use the SfS-derived cross-sectional profiles to predict the electrical resistance of the lines. An accurate characterization of the cross section is essential for monitoring the device resistance and other functional properties. For instance, as per Ohm’s law, the electrical resistance of a conductor is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area (CSA). The central hypothesis is that the electrical resistance of an AJP-deposited line estimated online and in situ from its SfS-derived cross-sectional area is within 20% of its offline measurement. To test this hypothesis, silver nanoparticle lines were deposited using an Optomec AJ-300 printer at varying sheath gas flow rate (ShGFR) conditions. The four-point probes method, known as Kelvin sensing, was used to measure the resistance of the printed structures offline. Images of the lines were acquired online using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera mounted coaxial to the deposition nozzle of the printer. To recover the cross-sectional profiles from the online images, three different SfS techniques were tested: Horn’s method, Pentland’s method, and Shah’s method. Optical profilometry was used to validate the SfS cross section estimates. Shah’s method was found to have the highest fidelity among the three SfS approaches tested. Line resistance was predicted as a function of ShGFR based on the SfS-estimates of line cross section using Shah’s method. The online SfS-derived line resistance was found to be within 20% of offline resistance measurements done using the Kelvin sensing technique.

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