scholarly journals ORAL HYGIENE IN PREVENTION OF PNEUMONIA POST OPERATION HEART SURGERY: LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Ulfah Nurrahmani ◽  
Noviyah
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Quasi Experiment

Pneumonia pasca operasi adalah komplikasi paling umum ketiga untuk semua prosedur bedah dan dikaitkan dengan peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien. VAP terjadi pada 9-27% pasien dengan endotrakeal intubasi, menghasilkan peningkatan risiko 8 kali lipat kematian pada pasien yang menjalani operasi bedah jantung. Aspirasi bakteri dari saluran pencernaan bagian atas telah diidentifikasi sebagai mekanisme kunci dalam patogenesis VAP. Pencegahan pneumonia pasca operasi dihubungkan dengan optimalisasi kebersihan mulut mulai dari fase praoperasi hingga pascaoperasi. Tujuan mengetahui hubungan oral hygiene dengan penurunan kejadian pneumonia pasca operasi bedah jantung berdasarkan pada sumber literatur jurnal penelitian ilmiah terkait. Metode penelitian dengan melakukan pencarian terhadap hasil penelitian dari database seperti PubMed, sciencedirect, dan NCBI dengan menggunakan kata kunci oral hygiene, pneumonia, cardiac surgery. Studi yang digunakan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, serta artikel yang dipublikasikan sampai tanggal 30 Juni 2020 dengan metode penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment dan randomized control trial. Hasil penelusuran didapat 173 artikel dan dipilih 7 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria untuk dilakukan review. Berdasarkan hasil review didapatkan: Tingkat infeksi nosokomial secara keseluruhan menurun pada pasien yang mendapat intervensi oral hygiene. Pneumonia pasca operasi dapat dicegah dengan intervensi sederhana berupa oral hygiene, sikat gigi, dan kumur klorheksidine. Protokol kebersihan mulut dilaksanakan mulai 3 hari preoperasi sampai pasca operasi dengan menggunakan klorheksidine 0,12% atau 0,2% dan salep mupirocin intranasal 2% atau salep dengan kandungan klorheksidine 0,12%. Kesimpulan: Oral hygiene signifkan dalam pencegahan pneumonia pascaoperasi bedah jantung. Dengan optimalisasi kebersihan gigi, dapat meningkatkan keluaran hasil operasi bedah jantung

scholarly journals Implementasi Prehospital Stroke Scale sebagai Screening Tools Serangan Stroke bagi Komunitas Risiko Tinggi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Linda Widyarani ◽  
Cecilya Kustanti
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Speech Time ◽  
Randomized Control

Pendahuluan : Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di Indonesia, dengan prosentase 21,1%. Deteksi dini stroke oleh individu berisiko tinggi beserta keluarga (layperson), dengan prehospital stroke scales merupakan konsep utama chain of survivals stroke. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mensintesis artikel-artikel tentang prehospital stroke scales yang dapat diajarkan pada individu berisiko tinggi beserta keluarga (layperson), agar individu berisiko tinggi beserta keluarga (layperson) terbekali dengan baik dan keberhasilan program terapi serta pengobatan dapat optimalMetode : Desain penelitian ini adalah literature review, yaitu menelaah hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya pada artikel yang telah terpublikasi. Penelusuran artikel dilakukan melalui PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi meliputi a) publikasi artikel dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir 2010-2020, b) artikel menggunakan Bahasa Inggris dan memiliki fulltext, c) studi yang terdiri dari randomized control trial, cohort study dan qualitative study, sedangkan kriteria ekslusi meliputi artikel yang tidak memenuhi kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini.Hasil : Hasil dari sintesis artikel yang telah ditemukan yaitu prehospital stroke scales dengan Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS), The Los Angeles Prehopsital Stroke Screen (LAPSS) dan juga Face Arm Speech Time (FAST) time dapat dikampanyekan dan diajarkan pada individu berisiko tinggi beserta keluarga (layperson) agar individu berisiko tinggi beserta keluarga (layperson) terbekali dengan baik dan keberhasilan program terapi.Kesimpulan : Pengobatan dapat optimal sehingga angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien stroke dalam diminimalkan.    

scholarly journals Coccyx Fractures Treated with Intranasal Calcitonin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2;17 (2;3) ◽  
pp. E229-E333
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Foye
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Center ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Design Case

Background: Treating pain associated with acute coccyx fractures can be challenging. Intranasal calcitonin has been used to treat acute pain after vertebral fracture, and may even accelerate fracture healing. However, intranasal calcitonin has never previously been published as part of the treatment of acute coccyx fractures. Objective: To examine a series of cases in which intranasal calcitonin was used to treat coccydynia related to coccyx fractures. Study Design: Case series and literature review. Setting: Outpatient university-based coccyx pain center. Results: After use of intranasal calcitonin, pain levels decreased, adverse events were minimal, and the medication was generally well tolerated. Limitations: As this is not a randomized control trial, the patients treated with intranasal calcitonin were not compared to a control group. Additionally, the sample size of 8 patients is relatively small. Conclusions: We propose that clinicians consider use of intranasal calcitonin for the treatment of pain due to acute coccyx fractures. Key words: Coccyx, fractures, calcitonin, pain

Clinical response to arginine vasopressin therapy after paediatric cardiac surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Mastropietro ◽  
Maria C. Davalos ◽  
Shivaprakash Seshadri ◽  
Henry L. Walters ◽  
Ralph E. Delius
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Haemodynamic Instability ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Haemodynamic Improvement

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the haemodynamic response of children who receive arginine vasopressin for haemodynamic instability after cardiac surgery and to identify clinical variables associated with a favourable response.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed patients less than or equal to 6 years undergoing open heart surgery in our institution between January, 2009 and July, 2010 who received arginine vasopressin during the first 7 days post operation. Favourable responders were defined as those in whom blood pressure was increased or maintained and catecholamine score was decreased, or blood pressure was increased by greater than or equal to 10% of baseline and catecholamine score was unchanged at 6 hours following arginine vasopressin initiation.ResultsOf the 34 patients identified, 17 (50%) patients responded favourably to arginine vasopressin. At 6 hours, the mean blood pressure was increased by 32.2% in responders as compared with 4.6% in non-responders, with a p-value less than 0.001. The mean catecholamine score decreased by 30.1% in responders and increased by 7.6% in non-responders, with a p-value less than 0.001. Anthropometric, demographic, and intra-operative variables were similar in both groups, as was maximum dose of arginine vasopressin. The median time after arrival to the intensive care unit at which arginine vasopressin was initiated, however, was later in those who responded, 20 hours as compared with those who did not, 6 hours, with a p-value equal to 0.032.ConclusionsArginine vasopressin therapy led to haemodynamic improvement in only half of the children in this study, and improvement was more likely to occur if arginine vasopressin was initiated after the post-operative night.

Effectiveness of dental health education on oral hygiene among hearing impaired adolescents in India: A randomized control trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumbul Hashmi ◽  
Vikrant R Mohanty ◽  
Aswini Y Balappanavar ◽  
Vipul Yadav ◽  
Shivam Kapoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Randomized Control

Pulmonary Protection During Cardiac Surgery: Systematic Literature Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enisa MF Carvalho ◽  
Edmo A Gabriel ◽  
Tomas A Salerno
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Pulmonary Dysfunction ◽  
Pulmonary Protection ◽  
Postoperative Pulmonary Dysfunction

Ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs during heart surgery in which cardiopulmonary bypass is used. Current knowledge of the factors contributing to postoperative pulmonary dysfunction and the measures to avoid it are reviewed.

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