The Road to the Baccalaureate

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-442
Author(s):  
Dina Ghazzawi ◽  
Lyle McKinney ◽  
Catherine Lynn Horn ◽  
Vincent Carales ◽  
Andrea Burridge
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Academic Preparedness ◽  
African Students ◽  
Bachelor Degree ◽  
Caribbean Students ◽  
The Road ◽  
Community College District ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Delayed Enrollment ◽  
Sub Saharan

International students are increasingly enrolling in U.S community colleges as a starting point to their higher education. However, limited research examines the factors contributing to their successful transfer to a 4-year institution and bachelor degree attainment. Utilizing longitudinal transcript data from a large community college district in Texas, this study uses hierarchical logistical regression to compare college experiences and transfer outcomes based on region of origin. Findings demonstrate that while Sub-Saharan African students have a significantly higher probability of transfer than Asian and Latin American students, the majority of bachelor degree recipients were Asian students graduating in STEM fields. Delayed enrollment into college and academic preparedness in math were negatively associated with transfer for Latin American and Caribbean students.

Sorting Out the Mixed Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C. Offner
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New Deal ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The New Deal

In the years after 1945, a flood of U.S. advisors swept into Latin America with dreams of building a new economic order and lifting the Third World out of poverty. These businessmen, economists, community workers, and architects went south with the gospel of the New Deal on their lips, but Latin American realities soon revealed unexpected possibilities within the New Deal itself. In Colombia, Latin Americans and U.S. advisors ended up decentralizing the state, privatizing public functions, and launching austere social welfare programs. By the 1960s, they had remade the country's housing projects, river valleys, and universities. They had also generated new lessons for the United States itself. When the Johnson administration launched the War on Poverty, U.S. social movements, business associations, and government agencies all promised to repatriate the lessons of development, and they did so by multiplying the uses of austerity and for-profit contracting within their own welfare state. A decade later, ascendant right-wing movements seeking to dismantle the midcentury state did not need to reach for entirely new ideas: they redeployed policies already at hand. This book brings readers to Colombia and back, showing the entanglement of American societies and the contradictory promises of midcentury statebuilding. The untold story of how the road from the New Deal to the Great Society ran through Latin America, the book also offers a surprising new account of the origins of neoliberalism.

scholarly journals Practices of sustainability and the enactment of their natures/cultures: Ecosystem services, rights of nature, and geoengineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 053901842199894
Author(s):  
Frank Adloff ◽  
Iris Hilbrich
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Knowledge Cultures ◽  
Rights Of Nature ◽  
Value Of Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

Possible trajectories of sustainability are based on different concepts of nature. The article starts out from three trajectories of sustainability (modernization, transformation and control) and reconstructs one characteristic practice for each path with its specific conceptions of nature. The notion that nature provides human societies with relevant ecosystem services is typical of the path of modernization. Nature is reified and monetarized here, with regard to its utility for human societies. Practices of transformation, in contrast, emphasize the intrinsic ethical value of nature. This becomes particularly apparent in discourses on the rights of nature, whose starting point can be found in Latin American indigenous discourses, among others. Control practices such as geoengineering are based on earth-systemic conceptions of nature, in which no distinction is made between natural and social systems. The aim is to control the earth system as a whole in order for human societies to remain viable. Practices of sustainability thus show different ontological understandings of nature (dualistic or monistic) on the one hand and (implicit) ethics and sacralizations (anthropocentric or biocentric) on the other. The three reconstructed natures/cultures have different ontological and ethical affinities and conflict with each other. They are linked to very different knowledge cultures and life-worlds, which answer very differently to the question of what is of value in a society and in nature and how these values ought to be protected.

Democratization in Unlikely Places: Comparative Lessons from the Latin American Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-419
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Consensus

The Latin American experience at the end of the 20th century demonstrates that democratic regimes can be established and stabilized in “unlikely” places that would not appear to have the requisite “preconditions” for democracy as conventionally theorized. The region may thus provide insights into the prospects for democracy in other parts of the world, such as the MENA region, that also lack the traditional correlates of democracy. An understanding of democracy’s institutional roots in deep societal conflicts, rather than political consensus, civic cultures, or economic prosperity, is an essential starting point for such cross-regional perspectives.

scholarly journals New Transnationalisms in Contemporary Latin American Cinemas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Transnational Cinema ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
The Road ◽  
American Films ◽  
On The Road ◽  
New Perspective

In the late 1990s and early 2000s Latin American films Amores perros, Diarios de motocicleta, El hijo de la novia, Y tu mamá también, and Cidade de Deus enjoyed unprecedented critical and commercial success in global markets. Benefiting from external financial and/or creative input, these films were considered examples of transnational cinema. This book examines the six transnational directors (Iñárritu, Cuarón, del Toro, Meirelles, Salles and Campanella), who made these and the subsequent commercially successful and mostly ‘deterritorialized’ films (21 Grams, Babel, Biutiful, El espinazo del Diablo, El laberinto del fauno, Blindness, The Constant Gardener, Children of Men, On the Road, El secreto de sus ojos). Arguing against criticism in which these films’ commercial (Hollywood) and transnational features efface the authorial sensibilities of these directors and make them irrelevant to Latin American trends and politics, this book shows how they engage with national, continental and hemispheric politics and identity. Bringing a new perspective to the transnational films of Latin America’s transnational auteurs, including the recent Gravity, The Revenant, Birdman, and Crimson Peak, this book facilitates understanding how different genres function across cultures.

scholarly journals Evolution and research trends of inclusive museum studies: a bibliometric approach

Kepes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 161-192
Author(s):  
Jackeline Valencia Arias ◽  
Alejandro Valencia-Arias ◽  
Danny Zurc
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Museum Studies ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
University Communities ◽  
Bibliometric Approach ◽  
Shed Light

Inclusion is defined as the opportunity disabled people have to fully participate in different contexts: education, work, consumption, entertainment, and other daily social activities. For an understanding of that, this study aims at examine the evolution and research trends of the field of inclusive museums in order propose a line of research that includes growing and emerging concepts in this area of knowledge. For that purpose, technological mapping was carried out by means of a bibliometric analysis that examined 284 publications indexed in Scopus from 1987 to 2018. Results indicate that 47 countries have carried out studies on inclusive museums, within the framework of the research lines inclusive education and education in museums. Research that has been disseminated in greater measure through American journals. This bibliometric study on inclusive museums enabled to shed light on the productivity, impact, and networking of researchers in this field. Finally, this study constitutes a relevant starting point that not only presents trends in the field of inclusive museums but also encourages university communities and cultural institutions (such as Latin American museums) to consider the role they play in said area, as well as the visibility of their research efforts.

Rural Community Planning Research - Taking PingQuan County YangShuLing Town SanZuoDian Community Planning as an Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1657-1662
Author(s):  
Yan Fen Zhong ◽  
Huan Qi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Community Planning ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
Planning And Construction

Based on the PingQuan County YangShuLing Town SanZuoDian community planning as an example, in the new rural construction planning process, this text discusses planning and construction of the rural community. Based on the specific projects as the starting point, with regional characteristics as the guidance, after a full analysis of characteristic of the project, from the aspect of land layout planning, the road traffic system planning, landscape planning, the text detailed description of the rural community planning.

The Pedagogical Potential of Interessere

PMLA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Raúl Antelo
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
American Studies ◽  
Latin American Studies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
American Students ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Times

Any multicultural evaluation of difference— for example, my experience as a professor of Latin American studies in front of American students—should be preceded by a questioning of not only the places but also (and principally) the times of that experience. For me, this questioning refers to the transformations that I underwent on the road from student to professional. I offer some biographical particulars to ensure an accurate interpretation of my reading.

RPAS-SfM 4D mapping of shallow landslides activated in a steep terraced vineyard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mauri ◽  
Eugenio Straffelini ◽  
Sara Cucchiaro ◽  
Paolo Tarolli
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Features Extraction ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Geomorphological Changes

<p>The presence of roads is closely linked with the activation of land degradative phenomena such as landslides. Factors such as ineffective road management and design, local rainfall regimes and specific geomorphological elements actively influence landslides occurrence. In this context, recent developments in digital photogrammetry (e.g. Structure from Motion; SfM) paired with Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) increase our possibilities to realize low-cost and recurrent topographic surveys. This allows the realization of multi-temporal (hereafter 4D) and high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), fundamental to analyse geomorphological features and quantify processes at the fine spatial and temporal resolutions at which they occur. In this research is presented a 4D comparison of geomorphological indicators describing a landslide-prone agricultural system, so as to detect the noticed high-steep slope failures. The possibility to analyse the evolution of landslide geomorphic features in steep agricultural systems through high-resolution and 4D comparison of such indicators is still a challenge to be investigated. In this research, we considered a case study located in the central Italian Alps, where two shallow landslides (L1, L2) were activated below a rural road within a terraced vineyard. The dynamics of the landslides were monitored through the comparison of repeated DEMs (DEM of Difference, i.e. DoD), that reported erosion values of above 20 m<sup>3</sup> and 10 m<sup>3</sup> for the two landslides zones and deposition values of more than 15 m<sup>3</sup> and 9 m<sup>3</sup> respectively. The elaboration of Relative Path Impact Index (RPII) highlighted the role played by the road in the alteration of surface water flow directions. Altered water flows were expressed by values between 2σ and 4σ of RPII close to the collapsed surfaces. The increasing of profile curvature and roughness index described landslides evolution over time. Finally, the multi-temporal comparison of features extraction underlined the geomorphological changes affecting the study area. The computation of the quality index underlined the accuracy of features extraction. This index is expressed in a range between 0 (low accuracy) and 1 (high accuracy) and resulted equal to 0.22 m, regarding the landslide observed during the first RPAS survey (L1-pre); 0.63 m, concerning the same landslide detected during the second RPAS survey (L1-post); 0.69 m for L2. Results prove the usefulness of high-resolution and 4D RPAS-based SfM surveys for the investigation of landslides triggering due to the presence of roads at hillslope scale in agricultural systems. This work could be a useful starting point for further studies of landslide-susceptible zones at a wider scale, to preserve the quality and the productivity of affected agricultural areas.</p>

Decolonial Openings in Theologies of Liberation

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Joseph Drexler-Dreis
Keyword(s):  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Jon Sobrino

The third chapter considers how approaches to theological reflection within Latin American liberation theology might open up toward a decolonial project. It specifically focuses on how the work of the liberation theologians Ignacio Ellacuría and Jon Sobrino, unlike that of Clodovis Boff, points to the theoretical possibility of communities speaking theologically from epistemic loci located within the cracks of Western modernity. Ellacuría and Sobrino open up the methodological possibility to decolonize theological images and concepts, and in doing so, offer the possibility for theological reflection to decolonize social-historical structures. A decolonial option requires, but is also more than, a methodological shift that prioritizes the viewpoint of the poor as the starting point in theological reflection. Investigating how Ellacuría and Sobrino are able to open up the epistemic boundaries of theology is thus not an endpoint, but can provide a way forward for a decolonial theology.

Sultanism

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-76
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Sub Saharan

To facilitate a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of the concept of sultanism, this chapter provides a detailed theoretical and empirical literature review. Firstly, it considers the oriental origins of the concept, as applied by Max Weber and others to the Ottoman Empire and a number of South Asian examples. Secondly, it traces the emergence of ‘contemporary sultanism’, as applied by scholars to Latin American regimes from the mid-twentieth century and onwards. Thirdly, it explores the more recent concept of neo-sultanism and the development of a distinct international empirical category of autocratic-authoritarianism which includes: various Latin America regimes; some of the former communist republics of central Asia and Eastern Europe; and a number of regimes in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Southeast Asia. Finally, it assesses the need to address the scholarly deficit in applying contemporary sultanism or neo-sultanism to the Middle East, and suggests that the present-day Saudi And UAE regimes may be strong examples.

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