scholarly journals ABRASI PANTAI DAN PENDANGKALAN KOLAM PELABUHAN JETTY PERTAMINA BALONGAN, INDRAMAYU MELALUI ANALISIS ARUS PASANG SURUT, ANGIN DAN GELOMBANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lukman Arifin ◽  
Beben Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Current ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Longshore Current ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Wave Hindcasting

Masalah utama yang terjadi di perairan sekitar kolam Pelabuhan Jetty Pertamina Balongan, Indramayu adalah abrasi dan pendangkalan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan analisis mengenai pendangkalan kolam pelabuhan dan abrasi pantai di lokasi ini dengan menggunakan data arus stasioner, trayektori arus, pasang surut dan hindcasting gelombang. Data penelitian lapangan selama satu bulan memperlihatkan telah terjadi proses pendangkalan dan abrasi pantai di sekitar area Pelabuhan Jetty Pertamina. Proses ini terjadi akibat terganggunya laju sedimen yang berasal dari selatan ke utara dan sebaliknya oleh aliran arus sejajar pantai dan arus pasang surut karena keberadaan Pelabuhan Jetty Pertamina (terganggunya kesetimbangan suplai sedimen). Kecepatan arus pasang surut pada tiga kedalaman berbeda rata-rata berkisar antara 0.168 – 0.215 m/s dan kecepatan arus terbesar sebesar 0.371 m/s terjadi pada saat spring tide. Arus pasang surut dan arus sejajar pantai secara bersinergi mempercepat terjadinya abrasi pantai dan pendangkalan kolam Pelabuhan Jetty. Laju abrasi pantai di perairan ini berdasarkan data PPPGL tahun 2003 adalah sebesar 1 – 4 m per tahun. Salah satu upaya untuk menanggulangi abrasi dan pendangkalan di kolam Pelabuhan Jetty terlebih dahulu harus di lakukan studi pemodelan. Studi pemodelan ini digunakan untuk melihat gambaran secara dinamis kondisi hidro dinamika perairan yang berhubungan dengan proses terjadinya pendangkalan dan abrasi, serta untuk menentukan tipe bangunan pantai yang sesuai. Kata kunci : pelabuhan, jetty, sedimentasi, pendangkalan, abrasi, arus, sedimen The main problem that occured around the pool of port Pertamina Jetty Balongan, Indramayu is abrasion and shoaling. Therefore an analysis of the shoaling pool of port and coastal abrasion in this location was conducted by using the stationary current data, trajectory current, tide and wave hindcasting. Data of one-month field observation shows there has been shoaling and coastal abrasion processes in the areas sorrounding port Pertamina Jetty. This process occurs due to disruption of the rate of sediment derived from south to north and vice versa by the current flow parallel to the coast and tidal current because of the presence of Pertamina Jetty port (disturbance of equilibrium sediment supply). The velocity of tidal currents on three different average depths ranging from 0.168 – 0.215 m/s and the largest flow velocity of 0.371 m/s during spring tide. The direction of static current measurement and float tracking south-southeast trending dominant at low tide and northwest-north at high tide. Tidal current and longshore current sinergies to accelerate the occurence of coastal abrasion and shoaling pool of Harbour Jetty. The rate of coastal abrasion in this water based on PPPGL data of 2003 that is 1 – 4 m/s per year. One effort to overcome abrasion and shoaling in pool Harbour Jetty should be done prior modeling studies. This modeling study is used to portraya water hydro dynamics associated with the process of shoaling and abrasion, as well as determine the appropriate types of coastal structures. Keyword : ports, jetties, sedimentation, shoaling, abrasion, currents, sediment

scholarly journals Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Environmental Response in Shantou Offshore Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Yuezhao Tang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Enjin Zhao ◽  
Jiaji Yi ◽  
Kecong Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Tidal Current ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Offshore Area ◽  
Tidal Constituents

As a coastal trading city in China, Shantou has complex terrain and changeable sea conditions in its coastal waters. In order to better protect the coastal engineering and social property along the coast, based on the numerical simulation method, this paper constructed a detailed hydrodynamic model of the Shantou sea area, and the measured tide elevation and tidal current were used to verify the accuracy of the model. Based on the simulation results, the tide elevation and current in the study area were analyzed, including the flood and ebb tides of astronomical spring tide, the flood and ebb tides of astronomical neap tide, the high tide, and the low tide. In order to find the main tidal constituent types in this sea, the influence of different tidal constituents on tide elevation and tidal current in the study area was analyzed. At the same time, the storm surge model of the study area was constructed, and the flow field under Typhoon “Mangkhut” in the study area was simulated by using the real recorded data. Typhoon wind fields with different recurrence periods and intensities were constructed to simulate the change in the flow field, the sea water level, and the disaster situation along the coast. The results showed that under normal sea conditions, the sea water flows from southwest to northeast at flood tide and the flow direction is opposite at ebb tide. The tidal range is large in the northwest and small in the southeast of the study area. The tides in the study area are mainly controlled by M2, S2, K1, and O1 tidal constituents, but N2, K2, P1, and Q1 tidal constituents have significant effects on the high water level. The water level caused by typhoons increases significantly along the coast of Shantou City. In the west area of the Rong River estuary, a typhoon with a lower central pressure than 910 hPa may induce a water increase of more than 2 m.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Tidal Current in Majishan Sea Area of Zhoushan Based on SCHISM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Tang ◽  
Qiyan Ji ◽  
Weikang Jing
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Current ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Tidal Changes ◽  
Triangular Elements ◽  
Sea Area

Based on the SCHISM ocean model, this paper constructs a numerical model of the Majishan sea area in Shengsi County, Zhoushan City, and numerically simulates the tidal and tidal current conditions in the sea area. The non-structural triangular elements are used to construct the high-precision nearshore terrain to accurately simulate the tidal and tidal conditions. Yearly measured tidal current data. Have a deeper understanding of the tidal currents in the Majishan sea area of Zhoushan. The results show that the Majishan sea area of Zhoushan belongs to regular shallow sea currents dominated by recurrent currents. In the actual measurement, the speed of the rising and falling tides varies, and the maximum and average flow speeds are both the high tide is greater than the medium tide and the small tide. The tidal changes are mainly controlled by the forward waves of the East China Sea, and the direction of the current is basically the same as the direction of the rising and falling tides.

scholarly journals The Response of Turbidity Maximum to Peak River Discharge in a Macrotidal Estuary

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Yuhan Yan ◽  
Dehai Song ◽  
Xianwen Bao ◽  
Nan Wang
Keyword(s):  
River Discharge ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Turbidity Maximum ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Three Dimensional Model

The Ou River, a medium-sized river in the southeastern China, is examined to study the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) response to rapidly varied river discharge, i.e., peak river discharge (PRD). This study analyzes the difference in ETM and sediment transport mechanisms between low-discharge and PRD during neap and spring tides by using the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model. The three-dimensional model is validated by in-situ measurements from 23 April to 22 May 2007. In the Ou River Estuary (ORE), ETM is generally induced by the convergence between river runoff and density-driven flow. The position of ETM for neap and spring tides is similar, but the suspended sediment concentration during spring tide is stronger than that during neap tide. The sediment source of ETM is mainly derived from the resuspension of the seabed. PRD, compared with low-discharge, can dilute the ETM, but cause more sediment to be resuspended from the seabed. The ETM is more seaward during PRD. After PRD, the larger the peak discharge, the longer the recovery time will be. Moreover, the river sediment supply helps shorten ETM recovery time. Mechanisms for this ETM during a PRD can contribute to studies of morphological evolution and pollutant flushing.

scholarly journals TIDE AND TIDAL CURRENT IN THE BALI STRAIT, INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessy Berlianty ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Current ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
Residual Flow ◽  
Tidal Front ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Shallow Area ◽  
Tidal Constituents ◽  
Tide And Tidal Current

Tide and tidal current model of the Bali Strait in Indonesia is produced by using a Coupled Hydrodynamical-Ecological Model for Regional and Shelf Seas (COHERENS). With its resolutions in the horizontal (500meters) and the vertical (4layers), the model well reproduces the four major tidal constituents, namely M2, S2, K1, and O1 tides, and their currents. Furthermore the model is used to investigate the tide-induced residual flow and tidal front in the Bali Strait. As a results, the tide-induced residual flow in the Bali Strait during the spring tide on May 16th in 2010 can be attributed to the variation of the strength of two eddies. The first one is the clockwise circulation in the shallow area at the wide part of the strait, while the second one is the small clockwise circulation in the south of the narrow strait. On the other hand, as suggestion from Simpson and Hunter (1974), the tidal front is determined by the value of log(H/U3) (where is the water depth in meters and the amplitude oftidal current amplitude in ms-1). The front detected by the image of sea surface temperature distribution from the satellite corresponds with the contour log(H/U3) of 6.5.

scholarly journals Erosion problems of shore line and counter measurement by various geomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Eun Chul Shin ◽  
Sung Hwan Kim ◽  
Abdul Hakam ◽  
Bambang Istijono
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Coastal Beach ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Erosion Protection

Coastal regions are vulnerable to erosion and depletion of land areas for human habitation and economic activities. A description of various types of the hydraulic structures associated in erosion protection applications are provided. Recently, because of the shortage of natural rock, traditional forms of river and coastal structures have become very expensive to build and maintain. Therefore, the materials used in hydraulic and coastal structures are changing from the traditional rubble and concrete systems to the cheaper materials and systems. Erosion problems in coastal zones are become increasingly serious due to the development of artificial activities related to the expansion of city functions, industrial complexes and harbour facilities, as well as the removal of sea sand for use in aggregate resources at the construction sites, which is a major factor in the inflow and outflow of sea sand. In addition, the environmental and economical importance of the coastal beach zones is increased. However, coastal beach zones are constantly eroded by waves accompanied with the rising water level due to storm surges, hurricanes, winter storm impact, and high tide. This erosion motion accelerates the regression of the coastal cliff due to the regression of the dunes or the shoreline. In addition, the regression leads to loss of real estate in the hinterland and ruins the shock-absorbing zone between land and sea. The application benefits for erosion protection are discussed. Several case studies are included.

Diurnal changes in oxygen content of the water over the coral reef platform at Heron I

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Kinsey ◽  
E Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Coral Growth ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Reef Platform

Heron I., in the Australian Great Barrier Reef, is a small sand cay situated near the western end of a reef 6.5 miles long. The area investigated was south-west of the cay and approximately level, with extensive areas of living coral in the seaward half. Larger algal species were common near the cay but were not in evidence in the areas of active coral growth. Oxygen levels were determined without sampling using a membrane-enclosed polarographic probe. Results are presented as profiles across the platform and also as time sequences in the main draining channel. Some deep water results are included. Oxygen production and consumption were associated primarily with areas of rich coral growth and hence larger algae seemed unimportant in the overall oxygen exchange. Low tide oxygen levels in less than 1 ft of water ranged from 2.1 mg O2/l for a spring tide after midnight to more than 10.8 mg O2/l (the limit of the instrument) in the early afternoon. High tide levels in more than 6 ft of water ranged from 9.0 mg O2/l in the early afternoon to 6.4 mg O2/l 2hr after sunset. High tide readings were not taken late at night. There is some evidence that water already reduced or enriched in oxygen content on the previous tide was returned in significant quantities to the reef platform.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Estuarine Turbidity Maximum Zone from Landsat-8 Data: The Case of the Maroni River Estuary, French Guiana

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Abascal-Zorrilla ◽  
Vincent Vantrepotte ◽  
Nicolas Huybrechts ◽  
Dat Dinh Ngoc ◽  
Edward J. Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Turbidity Maximum ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Estuarine Turbidity Maximum ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Residual Circulation ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) zone occurs in river estuaries due to the effects of tidal dynamics, density-driven residual circulation and deposition/erosion of fine sediments. Even though tropical river estuaries contribute proportionally more to the sediment supply of coastal areas, the ETM in them has been hardly studied. In this study, surface suspended particulate matter (SPM) determined from OLI (Operational Land Imager)-Landsat 8images was used to gain a better understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the ETM of the tropical Maroni estuary (located on the Guianas coast, South America). A method to estimate the remotely-sensed ETM location and its spatiotemporal evolution between 2013 and 2019 was developed. Each ETM was defined from an envelope of normalized SPM values > 0.6 calculated from images of the estuary. The results show the influence of the well-marked seasonal river discharge and of tides, especially during the dry season. The ETM is located in the middle estuary during low river-flow conditions, whereas it shifts towards the mouth during high river flow. Neap–spring tidal cycles result in a push of the ETM closer to the mouth under spring-tide conditions or even outside the mouth during the rainy season. An increase in SPM, especially since 2017, coincident with an extension of the ETM, is shown to reflect the periodic influence of mud banks originating from the mouth of the Amazon and migrating along the coast towards the Orinoco (Venezuela). These results demonstrate the advantages of ocean color data in an exploratory study of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the ETM of a tropical estuary, such as that of the Maroni.

scholarly journals Relating Hydrodynamic Forcing and Topographic Response for Tide-Dominated Sandy Beaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelien Brand ◽  
Anne-Lise Montreuil ◽  
Rik Houthuys ◽  
Margaret Chen
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Wave Steepness ◽  
Natural Sediment ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Study Sites

To relate hydrodynamic forcing and topographic response for a tide-dominated sandy beach, extensive field measurements were carried out in the intertidal zone. Hydrodynamics and beach topography were monitored during a total of 12 weeks at two different study sites: one with a featureless intertidal zone and one with intertidal bars. The results of both study sites indicate that the intertidal beach grows when wave steepness is small, whereas it erodes when wave steepness is large. Spring-neap variations in tidal current direction heavily distort this trend: strong spring tidal currents transport sediment away from the beach, resulting in enhanced erosion. Tide-induced beach volume changes are on the same order of magnitude as wave-induced changes. Besides waves and tides, the effect of variations in the amount of sediment supply is substantial, with enhanced accretion when the sediment supply is large. The effect of variations in sediment supply on the intertidal beach topography is subordinate to the effect of waves and tide, though. From this study, it is concluded that larger waves are primarily erosive, but they can also enhance the natural sediment supply. Furthermore, it is found that tidal currents can be equally important as waves in shaping the beach topography, especially during spring tide on macrotidal beaches.

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