scholarly journals Expression and Inheritance of Growth Hormone Gene Constructs and Selective Breeding of Transgenic Farmed Fish

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex A. Dunham ◽  
Boaz Moav ◽  
Thomas Chen ◽  
Benzion Cavari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Transgenic Fish ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Objectives: To accomplish stable expression, inheritance of transgenes and growth improvement in transgenic channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and common carp, Cyprinus carpio, containing growth hormone (GH) genes, develop transgenic fish with all fish constructs, determine the relationships between copy number, expression and growth, determine the combined affect of selective breeding and gene transfer and assess environmental risk of transgenic fish. To develop mechanisms of triploidization for transgenic carp. Results: Performance of transgenic channel catfish was made uniform by selection. Growth of channel catfish and common carp was improved 40-50% more by combining gene transfer of GH genes with selection and crossbreeding than with either selection of crossbreeding. Growth improvement of transgenic catfish was not strongly correlated with copy number and expression levels. Progress was made in producting triploid transgenic common carp. Insertion of salmonid GH gene did not alter reproductive performance in channel catfish. Transgenic channel catfish grew no faster than controls when they had to forage on natural food and transgenic individuals were slightly more vulnerable to predation indicating that fitness of transgenic individuals in natural conditions is less than or equal to non-transgenic channel catfish. Contribution to Agriculture: These experiments are the first to demonstrate that transgenic fish can increase aquaculture production in the aquaculture production in the aquaculture environment. This research also demonstrated that maximum benefit of gene transfer in farmed fish is attained when combined with traditional selective breeding.

scholarly journals Growth Differences of Growth Hormone Transgenic Female and Male Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus, Grown in Earthen Ponds to Sexual Maturation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermeen Y. Abass ◽  
Baofeng Su ◽  
Ahmed Alsaqufi ◽  
Ahmed Elaswad ◽  
Zhenkui Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Earthen Ponds ◽  
Growth Differences

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.

scholarly journals Application of Diel Feeding Chronology to Habitat Suitability Analysis of Warmwater Stream Fishes

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1417-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Kwak ◽  
Michael J. Wiley ◽  
Lewis L. Osborne ◽  
R. Weldon Larimore
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Longear Sunfish

Diel feeding chronology and daily ration were determined from stomach or foregut contents of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) in the Vermilion River, Illinois. Feeding was highly variable among individuals, hours, and months for each species. Discontinuous feeding was detected in common carp, golden redhorse, and channel catfish. Common carp and the two centrarchid species fed with greatest intensity near sunrise and sunset; golden redhorse and channel catfish feeding was highest at night. Daily ration estimates were higher for fishes with stomachs than those for stomachless species. Microhabitats occupied by fish over the diel period were identified using nondisruptive techniques: direct observation, prepositioned electrofishing, and radiotelemetry. Microhabitat use during high-feeding periods was significantly different [Formula: see text] than that during low feeding for at least one habitat variable in each species examined. Association with cover also varied between feeding regimes. Our findings suggest that realism of instream flow assessments may be improved if habitat suitability criteria are stratified by feeding regime.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION AND BIOACTIVITY POTENTIAL OF THREE RECOMBINANT GROWTH HORMONES OF FARMED FISH

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimuddin Alimuddin ◽  
Indra Lesmana ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat ◽  
Odang Carman ◽  
Irvan Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
E Coli

This study was aimed to produce recombinant growth hormone (rGH) from giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus), giant gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and compare their bioactivity potential by means of inducing the growth hormone of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as the model. DNA fragment encoding mature GH protein of giant grouper (El-mGH), giant gouramy (Og-mGH) and common carp (Cc-mGH) was amplified by PCR method. The purified PCR products were ligated to pCold-1 to generate pCold/El-mGH, pCold/OgmGH, and pCold/Cc-mGH protein expression vector, respectively. Each of the expression vectors was transformed into the Escherichia coli BL21. E. coli BL21 was cultured using 2xYT medium and protein production was induced by cold shock at 15±1oC for overnight. The inclusion bodies of E. coli transformants containing protein expression vector were isolated by sonication method, and rGH production was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Juvenile of Nile tilapia of average body weight of 12.41±3.28 g was intramuscularly injected once a week for 4 weeks with 1 μg inclusion body containing rGH per gram fish body weight. The result showed that rGH in molecular weight of about 25 kDa was obtained. Fish injected with rGH of El-mGH, Cc-mGH and Og-mGH grew 20.94%, 18.09%, and 16.99% faster, respectively, compared with the control. This result indicated that the three rGH produced in E. coli possessed biological activity when tested on Nile tilapia and further research is needed to find its effect on the growth of other aquaculture fish species.

scholarly journals Developmental and Evaluation of Advanced Expression Vectors with Both Enhanced Integration and Stable Expression for Transgenic Farmed Fish

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanjiang John Liu ◽  
Rex Dunham ◽  
Boaz Moav
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Transgenic Fish ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Sleeping Beauty Transposon ◽  
Border Elements

The objectives of the project were to develop expression vectors using the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology and the genetic border elements to provide both enhanced integration rate and stable transgene expression, and to evaluate the application of such vectors in farmed fish such as catfish and carp. The panel recommended adding the objective of evaluating the endogenous transposable elements, particularly in catfish, in order to evaluate the applicability of the expression vectors while reduc1ng efforts in real production of transgenic fish considering the focus of the project was to develop the vector and evaluation of its applicability, not producing transgenic fish. Efficient production of transgenic farmed fish is hindered by two major problems: mosaicism due to delayed integration after single-cell stage, and silencing of transgene expression. In this project, we proposed to combat these problems by coupling the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology that can enhance integration rate and the border elements that can insulate transgene from position effect. Our major objective was to develop a new generation of expression vector that contains both of these elements. We have developed expression vectors containing both the Sleeping Beauty transposon signals, inverted repeats and direct repeats (IR and DR, respectively), and the border elements, scs and scs'. Growth hormone minigene has been cloned into this vector for applications of such vectors in growth enhancement. Luc reporter gene has been also cloned into this vector cascades for relative easy evaluation of transgene expression. Transgenic fish have been produced using these expression vectors in both catfish (US) and carp (Israel). Much effort was also devoted to evaluation of the endogenous transposable elements in catfish as recommended by the BARD grant panel. Multiple families of Tcl-like transposons were identified from catfish. Surprisingly, many Tc I-related transcripts were identified. Among these transcripts, both the sense and antisense transcripts were present. Some of the transcripts may be useful for development of novel transposase-based technology for aquaculture applications in the future. This project has both scientific and aquaculture implications. First, to develop expression vectors containing both IR/DR and scs/scs' repeated elements have been reported being extremely technically difficult due to excision of the repeated sequences by the E. coli host during cloning processes. We have successfully constructed this advanced vector that contained very complex cascades for both gene integration and gene regulation. We have produced transgenic fish using such vectors. This advanced expression vector should be useful for production of transgenic fish. By simply replacing the growth hormone gene, any gene of interest can be readily inserted in this vector. Thus this vector should provide technological possibility for early integration and stable expression of any economically important genes in aquaculture. We have also evaluated the applications of the Sleeping Beauty-based vectors in terms of the impact of gene size and found that the size of trans gene drastically affects transposition. The system will be only useful for transferring genes smaller than 5.6 kb. We have also identified novel transposase-related transcripts that may be useful for the development of novel transposase-based technologies for general scientific research and for aquaculture applications.  

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide-induced mortality of four species of North American fishes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary B. Treanor ◽  
Andrew Ray ◽  
Jon Amberg ◽  
Mark Gaikowski ◽  
Jason Ilgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Westslope Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Minimum Concentration

There is growing interest in the use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a management tool for controlling invasive fishes.  However, there is limited published data on susceptibility of many commonly encountered species to elevated CO 2 concentrations.  Our objective was to estimate the 24-h LC 50 and LC 95 of four fishes (Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss , Common Carp Cyprinus carpio , Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus , and Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi ).  In the laboratory, we exposed juvenile fish to a range of CO 2 concentrations for 24-h in unpressurized, flow-through tanks.  A Bayesian hierarchical model was developed to estimate the dose response relationship for each fish species with associated uncertainty, and 24-h LC 50 and LC 95 values were estimated based on laboratory trials for each species.  The minimum concentration inducing mortality differed among cold water-adapted species and warm water-adapted species groups: 150 mg CO 2 /L for Westslope Cutthroat Trout and Rainbow Trout and 225 mg CO 2 /L for Common Carp and Channel Catfish.  We observed complete mortality at 275 mg CO 2 /L (38,672 µatm), 225 mg CO 2 /L (30,711 µatm), and 495 mg CO 2 /L (65,708 µatm (CC); 77,213 µatm (CF)) for Westslope Cutthroat Trout, Rainbow Trout, and both Common Carp and Channel Catfish, respectively.  There was evidence of a statistical difference between the LC 95 values of Westslope Cutthroat Trout and Rainbow Trout (245.0 ( 222.2 to 272.2 ) and 190.6 ( 177.2 to 207.8 ) mg CO 2 /L, respectively).  Additionally, these values were almost half the estimated 24-h LC 95 s for Common Carp and Channel Catfish (422.5 ( 374.7 to 474.5 ) and 434.2 ( 377.2 to 492.2 ) mg CO 2 /L, respectively).  Although the experimental findings show strong relationships between increased CO 2 concentration and higher mortality, additional work is needed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of a CO 2 application in a field setting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document